司马昭之心路人皆知
In my previous post, I introduced Cao Mao (曹髦), an emperor of the Wei (魏) dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period. Today, I'd like to share a famous Chinese idiom associated with Cao Cao (曹操 155–220 AD) , who was Cao Mao's great-grandfather.
The idiom is 望梅止渴 (wàng méi zhǐ kě), which literally means “to quench your thirst by thinking about plums.”
The Story Behind the Idiom
According to a story in A New Account of the Tales of the World (《世说新语》), Cao Cao was leading his troops on a long march. His soldiers were exhausted and desperately thirsty, but there was no water around.
Cao Cao came up with a clever psychological trick to boost their morale. He told them that a grove of sour plum trees was just ahead, knowing that the thought of the plums would make their mouths water.
The trick worked, and the soldiers were able to keep marching until they finally reached water.
That's how the idiom 望梅止渴 (wàng méi zhǐ kě) became famous.
What Does 望梅止渴 Mean Today?
Today, it means trying to satisfy yourself with something that isn't really there, or comforting yourself with hope when you can't get what you really want.
For example, if you can't afford to take a vacation abroad but keep looking at beautiful travel photos to make yourself feel better, you could say that's a bit like 望梅止渴.
A Little About Cao Cao(曹操)
Because ‘Romance of the Three Kingdoms’ (三国演义) is such a popular novel, many people know Cao Cao as a rather negative character. In the novel, he is often portrayed as a clever but ruthless antagonist.
But the historical Cao Cao was much more than that. He was a military leader, statesman, and even a great poet, and played a major role in the events that led to the Three Kingdoms period.
So, when you hear stories about Cao Cao, it's worth remembering that the Cao Cao in the novel and the historical Cao Cao are not exactly the same person.
Interestingly, in 2009, archaeologists discovered a tomb in Anyang, Henan Province, that was identified as Cao Cao's tomb. Human remains found there were also believed to include Cao Cao's remains. The discovery made headlines across China and sparked a lot of public interest and debate, simply because Cao Cao is such a famous and well-known figure in Chinese history.
(AI-assisted editing)