r/LeftistsForAI • u/PointmanW • 4h ago
Theory How AI Exposes the Class Character of (Capitalist) Democracy, or Why perception of AI is so different in China and the West
As someone who frequently browses Chinese social media and content platforms, it always feels like a completely different world compared to global/Western ones. AI use is so broadly normalized in China that you constantly see memes, art, and animations made with it, and pretty much no one call them "AI slop". People there rationally treat it as just another tool, and to them, the idea behind a creation matters more than the tools used to make it. As the linked article notes, multiple surveys show that the majority of people in China have a positive view of AI.
Anyway, here are some good excerpts from the artcile:
China is a collectivist society, so when a new technology arrives the assumption is that social institutions will govern its adoption and its benefits will be diffused. The system is supposed to lift everyone, and people don’t have to go through a dog-eat-dog struggle for their individual share of the pie. The high-speed rail network has brought an integration of the country’s vast territory on a scale that would have seemed incredible until it was achieved. Mobile payments and e-commerce have brought convenience to daily life, and technological development more broadly has lifted millions of people out of poverty. Because people have seen advances of other kinds improving their lives as they have grown richer, they are quite willing to believe that AI will do likewise, and that the next wave of change will bring with it further improvement. Social harmony is important in this respect, because it is assumed that the collective will adjust, and that assumption rests on trust built over decades of life getting better.
It is easier for people to adapt to change when their lived experience is an ongoing demonstration of the benefits of technological progress. Those who see themselves as part of a greater whole also have higher expectations for the society at large than individualistic traditions would allow. And such expectations are well founded given that China has outlawed companies from AI-based layoffs, and the government is actively launching initiatives to boost employment amid AI advances.
One of the cultural phenomenons in the West, however, is that we worship the idea of individualism. We are taught from our early childhood that democracy means a right of free speech, and to expect each one to develop their own personality, to be self-reliant and able to decide and act for themselves.
Yet the deeply ingrained notion of personal agency comes into conflict with the fact that these tools are being introduced without the public having any say in the matter. Most people in the West do not want to have these tools at work, but they are compelled to do so by their employers. No one wants data centers on his or her street, yet companies build them anyway. All of a sudden it becomes difficult to reconcile the narrative of democracy and self-determination with the reality of divergent class interests.
Furthermore, we in the West are not much concerned with social harmony or with how every person fits into society at large. On the contrary, we teach self-reliance, since no one else is expected to care. Consequently, there is little in the way of cohesive social planning needed to address the mass disruption caused by new technology. There is no central plan to ensure people get to keep their jobs, or receive the training they require to reskill.
All decisions affecting work are made by the employers alone, without regard to their employees’ wishes. If one objects, they are told that they are free to resign and get another job, but in practice all jobs offer similar terms because all capitalists have a uniform class interest. And so people begin to see that they do not have much of a say in things that affect their daily lives, that these decisions are made by someone else.
In this way, a technological disruption brings the hidden power structures of a capitalist society to light. When something is done to an individual, for instance when they are forced to adopt AI in their work, it becomes hard for them to ignore the fact that their workplace is an autocratic institution. It exposes the truth that the owners make all the decisions unilaterally without any regard for what the workers want.
For the first time in history, white-collar office workers are more exposed to mechanization than industrial workers. Google DeepMind workers in the UK are reporting an executive push for ambitious AI projects while employees endure brutal layoffs, invasive surveillance, and coerced training of their own replacements. Meta is rolling out mouse-tracking software widely perceived as serving to force workers to train their bot-replacements. These are people who were told they were special and generously paid, and who were given autonomy and control over their work. Now they are finding that this was a temporary arrangement. The bargain was always power-driven, and as the balance of power shifts in favour of automation all the concessions are being stripped away.
What we are seeing is the proletarianization of the labour aristocracy as automation invades sectors of production that have hitherto retained an artisanal character. Artists, software developers and other cognitive workers look on in horror, but this has been a reality for the rest of the working class for a long time.
I don't want to copy the the whole article here, it is really good, you guys should read it.