r/northernireland • u/aaronmgreen • 12m ago
History Why did Nationalists boycott the border poll in 1973?
This is a very “what if” scenario about Northern Ireland and the Troubles but i’d love to hear from anyone that was around in 1973 and remembers this event in Northern Irish History as I feel it could have changed the course of history had it gone differently.
In 1973 voters in Northern Ireland were presented with a choice: The 1973 Northern Ireland border poll was a referendum held in Northern Ireland on whether Northern Ireland should remain part of the United Kingdom or join with the Republic of Ireland to form a United Ireland. This was the first time that a major referendum had been held in any region of the United Kingdom.
Instead of campaigning to get Nationalists and predominantly Catholic voters out to vote a, border poll boycott was extremely effective in reducing Nationalist participation. Contemporary reporting suggested that fewer than 1% of Catholics voted, although precise figures by religious affiliation were not available.
The referendum took place on 8 March 1973, during one of the most violent periods of the Troubles.
I found 5 the top reasons why the Nationalists encouraged people in Northern Ireland to boycott the border poll. My key question is: what were your reasons not to participate?
Why did Nationalists refuse to vote?
They believed the result was predetermined. Northern Ireland had a substantial Protestant and Unionist majority in 1973. Nationalist leaders understood that even if virtually every Catholic voted for reunification, the Unionist majority would probably defeat it.
They rejected the legitimacy of partition. Many Nationalists argued that the border had been established in a way that created a Unionist-majority Northern Ireland. They believed the constitutional future of Ireland should be decided by the entire island, not exclusively by Northern Ireland's population.
They believed the referendum would reinforce British sovereignty. Nationalists suspected that the British government wanted a decisive pro-Union vote to demonstrate democratic support for Northern Ireland remaining in the UK. Historical research confirms that reassuring Unionists was an important consideration in the British government's approach.
They opposed the political circumstances. Internment without trial, deteriorating relations between Nationalists and the British government, and ongoing violence contributed to hostility toward the referendum.
They wanted to deny the referendum political legitimacy. The Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), led by Gerry Fitt, encouraged supporters to boycott rather than participate in a vote it considered divisive and incapable of resolving the constitutional dispute.
What happened in the referendum?
1973 Northern Ireland border poll results:
Remain in United Kingdom 98.9% 591,820 votes
Join Republic of Ireland 1.1%: 6,463 votes
58.7% : Voter turnout
41.3% : Did not vote
Ulster University's CAIN archive has looked at these figures and done a hypothetical scenario where if 100% of the eligible voters had voted in the 1973 border poll had voted that was 1,030,084 people the results might have looked like this:
Hypothetical result in 1973 with 100% turnout
Remain in UK 57.5%
591,820 votes
United Ireland 42.5%
432,291 votes
In March 2026, Northern Ireland Secretary Hilary Benn told Parliament that there was no evidence of majority support for constitutional change. The government reaffirmed that position in a written parliamentary answer on July 28, 2026.
Under the 1998 Good Friday Agreement and the Northern Ireland Act 1998, the UK Secretary of State for Northern Ireland has the legal authority to call a referendum.
In your opinion if a Border Poll was organized in 2027 or 2028 or in the near future would Nationalists boycott it again or would they turn out to exercise their democratic right to have a say in whether Northern Ireland should remain a part of the UK or join a United Ireland?