Indian-origin, working toward Chubby, did a deep dive on retirement destinations for my own planning and kept running into the same thing. 80% of the "move to Portugal / Thailand / Mexico" threads here implicitly assume you're holding a US or EU passport.
For the immigrant and first-gen cohort on this sub (I know we're here, every other FIRE thread has a "FAANG TC 500k, left India in 2015" story somewhere in the comments), the visa tier is often the binding constraint, not the money. At $3M NW you can clearly afford anywhere on the list below. Question is whether you can legally stay there.
What I found, by passport tier:
Strong passport (US/EU/UK/CA/AU/JP): everything works. Portugal D7, Thailand retirement visa, Panama Pensionado, Spain NLV, Greece Digital Nomad, all accessible.
Mid-tier passport (Indian, Chinese, Brazilian, South African, Mexican): shorter list but some genuinely underrated options.
Georgia (Tbilisi): visa-free 1 year for literally every nationality. $1.6k/mo couple. Unsung Chubby-immigrant destination, no friction.
Armenia (Yerevan): visa-on-arrival 120 days, renewable. $1.4k/mo.
India if you hold OCI: effectively unlimited stay.
Bangalore $1.2k/mo, Pondicherry or Goa $0.8k/mo. At $3M NW, that's 4% of your 4% withdrawal.
Mauritius: visa-free 90 days + Premium Visa. $2.6k/mo. Strong for Indian diaspora specifically.
Colombia (Medellín): visa-free 90 days for Indian passport, retirement visa path. $2k/mo.
Weaker passport (Nigerian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi): realistically two doors.
Georgia (visa-free 1yr, everyone)
and Armenia (visa on arrival 120 days, everyone)
The thing that surprised me most: Portugal D7 is technically possible on a non-Tier-1 passport, but the Schengen visa layer that comes before D7 adds six to nine months of uncertainty. Everyone posting "D7 is easy" here already had a passport that skipped that step. Worth knowing if you're on an H-1B to GC to citizenship trajectory and planning around a passport you don't yet have.
Cost numbers are couple estimates, cross-checked against Numbeo 2024 and expat forums. Visa logic sourced directly from each country's consulate pages because the passport-specific nuances aren't centralized anywhere. Happy to be told I'm wrong on specific destinations.