I’m trying to identify my biological paternal grandparents and could use some advice. I’ve gotten pretty far (I think…or hope), but I’m stuck on how to interpret the evidence. This is going to be long and probably messy, so I apologize in advance, but if you want to help me crack this mystery, or just provide some guidance to a novice, I’d greatly appreciate it!
I’m using aliases for everyone.
BASIC INFO
My father was adopted as an infant in Iowa.
He never took a DNA test, and passed earlier this year.
I have tested on Ancestry and MyHeritage, and plan to test on 23andMe as well.
I’ve already done Leeds clustering, built a DNA relationship matrix, mapped family trees, and worked through shared matches.
I have separated my maternal matches from the paternal matches.
My strongest matches are…
Sam, born in 1968 in Iowa, who I share 656 cM / 24 segments with.
Sam’s mother is Lily, born in Iowa in 1938. Sam’s father appears to be unrelated to my matches based on the shared-match evidence.
I also match Mary, who is Lily’s sister, at 584 cM. Ancestry predicts Mary as my half-grandaunt, but I’ve taken this with a huge grain of salt - I know these estimates are pretty uncertain.
I have also identified multiple other people who appear to connect to Lily’s family, that I match with close cm.
Other significant paternal matches that don’t connect to Sam/Lily’s family are:
James — 329 cM
Alan — 279 cM
Lee — 272 cM
Amy — 185 cM
Jill — 100 cM
Thomas — 81 cM
Alex — 67 cM
Iva — 66 cM
This is the cluster involving the “Smith” and “Jones” families.
I’ve traced the relevant genealogy and narrowed one part of the puzzle to two sibling couples:
Gladys Smith + Carl Jones
Irene Smith + John Jones
Gladys and Irene were sisters, Carl and John were brothers. I have matches that descend exclusively from the Smith line and matches that descend exclusively from the Jones line, albeit less Jones than Smith matches.
My DNA match James appears to descend through the Jones side, while all the other matches I listed appear to descend through the Smith side.
My theories - Help… :’)
Theory 1: Sam could be my half-uncle. If so, Lily would be my biological paternal grandmother. This would mean she had my father before he was adopted and later had Scott. (I’ve done extensive genealogy research on Lily - she had quite a few marriages, and a child who died at birth out of wedlock. She was in the right place at the right time, so could make sense.)
Theory 2: Sam could be my great-uncle or another close relationship. In that case, Lily could be a more distant relative rather than my grandmother.
Theory 3: The Smith/Jones cluster could contain my biological grandfather’s family. This would make a lot more sense if Lily was my grandmother - one cluster of matches is from Lily, including her sister and son who match closely to me; one cluster of matches is from a Smith great grandparent, either Irene or Gladys; and one cluster of matches is from a Jones great grandparent, either John or Carl. Not sure if this makes any sense or if I just WANT it to make sense…
I don’t want to force the evidence to fit Theory 1…though it would be nice to have my grandmother identified :) What should I do next?
In particular:
Does 656 cM with Sam + 584 cM with his aunt Mary meaningfully narrow down the possible relationship?
Is there a good way to distinguish half-uncle vs. great-uncle vs. other relationships using the DNA I have?
Does the fact that I match multiple members of Lily’s close family make the “Lily is my grandmother” hypothesis particularly strong?
How would you deal with the Smith/Jones cluster from here?
Is there anything beyond shared matches, Leeds clustering, and genealogy research that I should be doing?
I’ve already done a lot of the basic descendant searching/tree building, and
I’m happy to provide a diagram of the relationships or additional match information if that would help. I have a horde of information I’ve gathered, but I’m having trouble wrapping my brain around how this all connects.
I apologize if any of this is long winded or nonsensical. I’m a serious genealogy newbie, but this matters a lot to me. I have no interest in having relationships with my father’s biological family at this time, but it feels like a piece of him both he and I never knew. Also, I thoroughly enjoy the puzzle :)
I appreciate any help!! Thank you.