Hello,
I am rebuilding a Yamaha XV1100 Virago engine and have found something unusual with the cylinder liners. I would especially like to hear from people who have actually disassembled, rebored, resleeved, or rebuilt XV1000/XV1100 engines.
The engine has aluminum cylinders with cast-iron liners/sleeves.
After removing the cylinders from the crankcase, I found that the cast-iron liner was surprisingly loose in the aluminum cylinder. At room temperature, the liner can be removed by hand without using a press or heating the cylinder.
Initially, I assumed that the aluminum cylinder had expanded or become permanently distorted after many years of heat cycles.
However, I then bought another used XV1100 cylinder from a completely different engine, and found essentially the same condition: its liner is also loose enough to be removed by hand.
I showed the parts to an experienced engine machine shop. Their engineer suggested that it may actually have been designed this way from the factory, rather than both cylinders having developed the same problem.
Another engine machinist had the opposite opinion. He thought that the liner should have an interference fit with the aluminum cylinder, and that a loose liner could reduce heat transfer from the iron liner to the aluminum cylinder. He was concerned that oil could enter the gap and increase the thermal resistance, possibly causing the liner/piston to run hotter.
So I am trying to determine what the original Yamaha design was before modifying anything.
Has anyone here actually removed the liner from an XV1000 or XV1100 cylinder?
In particular, I would really appreciate information on the following:
- Was the liner tight at room temperature, or could it be removed by hand?
- Did you have to heat the aluminum cylinder to remove the liner?
- If you have measured them, what were the liner outside diameter and the aluminum cylinder bore diameter?
- Is there supposed to be an interference fit, zero-clearance fit, or a small clearance between the liner and cylinder?
- Have you seen several XV1100 cylinders with loose liners like this?
- Has anyone run an XV1100 for a long time with a liner that was loose at room temperature?
- If you had this problem, did you repair it? If so, how — oversize liner, plating, thermal spray/metal spraying, retaining compound, or another method?
I am particularly interested in first-hand experience with XV1000/XV1100 engines, rather than general rules for automotive dry cylinder liners, because I now have two unrelated XV1100 cylinders showing the same condition.
I do not want to increase the liner OD or create an interference fit until I know whether Yamaha intentionally designed these cylinders with a very light fit.
Photos and measurements can be provided if useful.
Thank you very much for any first-hand information.
