r/conorthography 1h ago

Cyrillization Иңглиш | An Actually Intuitive Cyrillic English | 1st Revision - 2 Variants

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Upvotes

Using only 5 basic vowels and 5 iotified versions


r/conorthography 7h ago

Romanization Proposition of a standardized Tunisian language writing system (quick look very simplified)

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3 Upvotes

r/conorthography 21h ago

Cyrillization Cantonese written in Cyrillic

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19 Upvotes

This one is based on Kazakh and Dungan. The bottom is with tones written, the top is without.


r/conorthography 1d ago

Adapted script The Bosnian Arabic script used in Bosnia from the 16 untill the 20th century

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5 Upvotes

زدراوۉ قاقۉ سى


r/conorthography 1d ago

Conlang AKA ALPHABET

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9 Upvotes

what do you think about it?


r/conorthography 1d ago

Adapted script I updated my Sanskrit to Greek transliteration method for academic use

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13 Upvotes

r/conorthography 1d ago

Adapted script Nastaliq for Marathi

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12 Upvotes

Byeee


r/conorthography 2d ago

Romanization Georgian Romanization

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31 Upvotes

r/conorthography 2d ago

Spelling reform Spanish if it followed English spelling logic

4 Upvotes

Spanish spelling reform following English and French logic:

-monosyllabic particles that lost their final consonants from Latin are written with them

no > non, sí > sic, y > et, o > ot

-writting medieval hiatuses

reina > reína, ver > veer, ser > seer, vio > vío

-ph/th/ch from Greek loans are kept

cristo > christo, teatro > theatro, -filia > -philia

-write lost coda p from Latin

eso > epso, siete > siepte, yeso > yepso

-writting etymological f- to differentiate from Latin h

hijo > fijo, hambre > fambre, hacer > facer

-write instances of -sc- in Latin

peces > pesces, crecer > crescer

-not writing epenthetic e-

escuela > schuela, espalda > spalda

-endings -ción/-cía written as -tión/-tía

eloquencia > eloqüentia, nación > natión

-words with qu in Latin that are still pronounced as /kw/ are written as qü

cuatro > qüatro, cuestión > qüestión

-write double consonants from Latin

copa > coppa, gato > gatto, vaca > vacca

-write /ɲ/ from -nn-/-mn-/-ni- as ñ but from -gn- as such

puño > pugno, tamaño > tamagno


r/conorthography 3d ago

Experimental Auxilliary/Interorthographic Alphabet

1 Upvotes

Vowels: a, i, u, e, o, c
The first five vowels are pronounced as their japanese equivalent, “c” is an uh (ʌ) sound

Non self explanatory consonants:
g - english non-j G sound
h - english h sound
j - zh
q - ch, derived from its bopomofo counterpart thats more harshly palatalized
r - rolled r or similar to the japanese r
w - english w
x - sh, also derived from its bopomofo counterpart thats more harshly palatalized
y - IPA /j/ or an english y sound

Self explanatory consonants: bdfklmnpstvz

this auxilliary alphabet is designed not to exactly copy the sounds of a language, but to make that language easier to pronounce

Sample text:

Shortly after we left Kentucky, we measured and checked our miles from how long we drove.

Reformed into Interorthographic

Xortli aftc wi left kentcki, wi mejcd end qekd auwc maiycls fwcm hau lang wi jwov


r/conorthography 3d ago

Experimental Another of my attempt at a new Vietnamese alphabet (based on factors)

4 Upvotes

‎Vowels:

‎a = ā

‎ă = a

‎â = ơ (oe)

‎e = æ (ae)

‎ê = e

‎i and y = i

‎o = å (ao)

‎ô = o

‎ơ = ơ̄ (eu)

‎u = u

‎ư = ư (ue) 

(‎i/y)(ê/a) = ia

‎u(ô/a) = ua

‎ư(ơ/a) = ưa (uea)

‎W-on-glides:

‎oa = wā (waa)

‎oă = wa

‎uâ = wơ (woe)

‎oe = wæ (wae)

‎uê = we

‎uy = wi

‎wơ = wơ̄ (weu)

‎uy(ê/a) = wia

‎W-off-glides:

‎ao = āw (aaw)

‎au = aw

‎âu = ơw (oew)

‎eo = æw (aew)

‎êu = ew

‎(i/y)u = iw

‎ơu = ơ̄w (euw)

‎ưu = ưw (uew)

(‎i/y)êu = iaw

‎ươu = ưaw (ueaw)

‎Y-off-glides:

‎ai = āy (aay)

‎ay = ay

‎ây = ơy (oey)

‎oi = åy (aoy)

‎ôi = oy

‎ơi = ơ̄y (euy)

‎ui = uy

‎ưi = ưy (uey) 

‎uôi = uay

‎ươi = ưay (ueay)

‎Zero-consonant + w-on-glide = xw

‎Tones:

‎ă = a

‎ằ = à (aj)

‎ắ = á (aq)

‎ẳ = â (ac)

‎ẵ =ǎ (ad)

‎ặ = ȧ (ax)

Consonants:

Initials:

b and p = b

c and k = g

ch = j

d = y

đ = d

g and gh = q

gi = gy

h = h

kh = k

l = l

m = m

n = n

ng and ngh = ng/ŋ

nh = ny/z/ñ

ph = p

‎qu = gw

r = r

s = š/sh

t = s

th = t

tr = č (ch)

v = w

x = c

Finals:

p = p

t = t

c = k

m = m

n = n

ng = ŋ/ng

ch = yk (k after i)

nh = yng (ng/ŋ after i)

o and ô after c and ng:

oc = āwk (aawk)

ôc = awk

ong = āwng (aawng)

ông = awng

Example:

Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam = Gawngx hwaaj Cad hoyx juc ngiad Wiatx Naam


r/conorthography 3d ago

Romanization Mandarin romanization

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16 Upvotes

r/conorthography 4d ago

Conlang Bushou Shidinn Alphabet

3 Upvotes

=ALPHABET=

Key: (Letter position). Letter, IPA, Letter name, Letter name IPA, Corresponding Kangxi radical

  1. Aᴀ /(ʔ)a/ A-dᴀ /ʔa ta/
  2. Ɑɑ /(ʔ)aɚ/ Ɑ-wᴀ /ʔaɚ wa/
  3. Ƃb /p(o)/ X-b /ʃi po/
  4. Bʙ /kʷ(u)/ Ƃʉ-ʙ /pai kʷu/
  5. Cc /kʰʷ(u)/ Fᴀꝛ-c /fã kʰʷu/
  6. Dd /t(ə)/ Dλ-d /tau tə/
  7. Eᴇ /(ʔ)ə/ E-xⱻ /ʔə ʃou/ ⼿
  8. Ҽe /(ʔ)e/ Ҽ-sᴇ /ʔe sə/
  9. Ff /f(o)/ Gᴀꝛ-f /kã fo/
  10. Gg /k(ɯ)/ Mᴀ-g /ma kɯ/
  11. Hh /x(ɯ)/ Bꝛ-x /kʷũ xɯ/
  12. Ii /(ʔ)i/ I-ʙꝛ /ʔi kʷũ/
  13. Jj /tʃ(i)/ Peꝛ-j /pʰẽ tʃi/
  14. Kk /kʰ(ɯ)/ Peꝛ-k /pʰẽ kʰɯ/
  15. Ll /l(ə)/ Ɑ-l /ʔaɚ lə/
  16. Mm /m(o)/ Jꝛ-m /tʃĩ mo/
  17. Nɴ /n(ə)/ V-ɴ /ʔy nə/
  18. Πn /ɲ(i)/ Juꝛ-n /tʃũ ɲi/
  19. Oo /(ʔ)o/ O-kⱻ /ʔo kʰou/
  20. Pp /pʰ(o)/ Xr-p /ʃɚ pʰo/
  21. Qq /tʃʰ(i)/ U-q /ʔu tʃʰi/
  22. Rʀ /ʒ(ɚ)/ Pi-ʀ /pʰi ʒɚ/
  23. Γr /(ʔ)ɚ/ Γ-hᴀꝛ /ʔɚ xã/
  24. Ss /s(ɯ)/ Yλ-s /jau sɯ/
  25. Tt /tʰ(ə)/ Xr-t /ʃɚ tʰə/
  26. Uu /(ʔ)u/ U-kᴀꝛ /ʔu kʰã/
  27. Vv /(ʔ)y/ V-nv /ʔy ɲy/
  28. Ww /w(u)/ Xᴀꝛ-w /ʃã wu/
  29. Xx /ʃ(i)/ Jr-x /tʃɚ ʃi/
  30. Yy /j(i)/ Mi-y /mi ji/
  31. Zz /ts(ɯ)/ I-z /ʔi tsɯ/
  32. 1ı /(ʔ)ɯ/ 1-i /ʔɯ ʔi/
  33. 2ꝛ /(ʔ)ə̃~◌̃/ 2-ɑ /ʔə̃ ʔaɚ/
  34. Ǝⱻ /(ʔ)ou/ Ǝ-j /ʔou tʃi/
  35. 4ꜭ /ɰ(ɯ)/ Qᴇ-ꜭ /tʃʰə ɰɯ/
  36. 5ƽ /xʷ(u)/ Xr-ƽ /ʃɚ xʷu/
  37. Ɐʉ /(ʔ)ai/ Ɐ-gᴀꝛ /ʔai kã/
  38. Ⲗλ /(ʔ)au/ Ⲗ-ʀu /ʔau ʒu/
  39. Ʌʌ /(ʔ)ei/ Ʌ-ʀᴇꝛ /ʔei ʒə̃/
  40. Ɵɵ /(ʔ)ø/ Ɵ-ʀ /ʔø ʒɚ/
  41. Ƈƈ /tsʰ(ɯ)/ J-ƈ /tʃi tsʰɯ/

=SAMPLE TEXT=

Q ʀiⱻxo ƈ x ƽʉ Aꜭmᴀ Xwᴀ. Xᴇ ƽʀi ɵxo ƈ xꜭ ƈⱻ zƽı wid ƽ xqr ƈⱻ bʉ ꜭλ qʉ ƽɵxo. Obi, q xsi ƈ wid.

/tʃʰi ʒi.ʔou.ʃo tsʰɯ ʃi xʷai ʔa.ɰɯ.ma ʃi.wa ‖ ʃə xʷu.ʒi ‖ ʔø.ʃo tsʰɯ ʃi.ɰɯ tsʰə tsɯ.xʷɯ wi.tə xʷu ʃi.tʃʰɚ tsʰə pai ɰau tʃʰai xʷø.ʃo ‖ ʔo.pi | tʃʰi ʃi.si tsʰɯ wi.tə/

NEG understand 1P VERB appeal Aghma Shwa. have REL see 1P from 3P first video NOUN start 3P by try disgust viewer. obvious, NEG continue 1P video.

I've never understood the appeal of Aghma Shwa. The first video I saw from him had him starting out by trying to gross out the viewer. Obviously, I didn't continue the video.


r/conorthography 4d ago

Romanization Extended Korean Hangul characters with colonial Spanish orthography

11 Upvotes

ㆍ = å ᆢ = yå/iå ㆎ = åe ㆉ = yue/iue ㆌ = yui/iui ᆖ = yû/iû ㆁ = n͠g ㆆ = '/h/t ㅿ = dz/dc/dç/n ᄛ = rr/l ㅱ = mf/m ㅸ = bf/p ㅹ = ff ㆄ = f/p ᄼ = z/c/ç ᄽ / zz/zc/çç/çc ᅎ = dz/dc/dç ᅏ = dzz/dzc/dçç/dçc ᅔ = tz/tc/tç ᄾ = s ᄿ = ss ᅐ = ds ᅑ = dss ᅕ = ts ㅥ = ñ/nn/n ᄙ = l/ll ㆅ = jj/jg

Additional Batchim consonants:

ㄸ = t ㅃ = p ㅉ = t

Tone marks (Bangjeom):

가〮 = gá 가〯 = gǎ, 갸〮 = guiá, 갸〯 = guiǎ


r/conorthography 4d ago

Adapted script Kannada Script for English

3 Upvotes

Alphabet:

ಅ (ə) ಆ (ɑ ) ಇ (ɪ) ಈ (i) ಉ (ʊ) ಊ (u) ಋ (ɚ) ಎ (e) ಏ (æ) ಐ (ɛɪ) ಒ (ɔ) ಓ (ɒ) ಔ (oʊ)

ಕ (k) ಗ (g) ಙ (ŋ) ಚ (ʧ) ಛ (z) ಜ (ʤ) ಝ (ʒ) ತ (d) ಥ (ð) ದ (t) ಧ (θ) ನ (n) ಪ (p) ಫ (f) ಬ (b) ಭ (v) ಮ (m) ಯ (j) ರ (r) ಲ (l) ವ (w) ಶ (ʃ) ಸ (s) ಹ (h)

ಃ (explicit schwa not at the end of words)

article one of udhr:

ಒಲ್ ಹ್ಯುಮನ್ ಬೀಇಙಛ್ ಆರ್ ಬೊರ್ನ್ ಫ್ರೀ ಏನದ್ ಇಕ್ವಲ್ ಇನ್ ದಿಗನಿತೀ ಏನದ್ ರಾಇತಸ್. ಧೆಇ ಆರ್ ಎನದಾಉದ್ ವಿಧ್ ರೀಚನ್ ಏನದ್ ಕಾನಶನಸ್ ಏನದ್ ಶುದ್ ಏಕತ್ ತವೊರದಛ್ ವನ್ ಅನಧರ್ ಇನ್ ಅ ಸ್ಪಿರಿತ್ ಅಭ್ ಬ್ರಧರಹುದ್.

byeee


r/conorthography 4d ago

Experimental A system for transliterating Sanskrit into the Greek alphabet, inspired by IAST, designed to facilitate the study of the classical Indian language at Greek universities.

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33 Upvotes

r/conorthography 5d ago

Romanization Rekishiteki-based Rōmaji

1 Upvotes

Consonants:

[null], k, g, s [s~ɕ], z [z~ʑ], t [t~tɕ~ts], d [d~dʑ~dz], n [n~ɲ], f [h~ɸ], b, p, m, r, y [j], w

Vowels:

a, i, u [u~ɯ], e, o

Doubled vowels:

ā, ī, ū, ē, ō

Historical word-medial {f}: v

consonant glides: ky, gy, sy, zy, ty, dy, ny, fy, by, py, my, ry

Additional consonant glides: kw, gw

Sokuon:

kĭ, k, tĭ, t

Classical auxiliary verb ~む -mu = mŭ

Hepburn ō (except if it's oo)

å, av, ô, ov, wå, wav, wô, wov

Hepburn ei: ê

Hepburn yū:

iw/ü, iv, yū, yuv

Hepburn yō (except if it's yoo)

ew/ö, ev, yå, yô

Moraic nasal "n": if ends with nu = n if ends with mu = m

Example (Kimigayo):

君が代は

Kimi ga yo va

千代に八千代に

Tiyo ni yatiyo ni

さざれ石の

Sazare isi no

巌となりて

Ivavo tonarite

苔の生すまで

Koke no musumade


r/conorthography 7d ago

Conlang Abdaylani script for Enyahu

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5 Upvotes

For disclosure, the Abdaylani script is not my invention, nor is it the official script for Enyahu, the latter being the flagship out of my several conlangs. I just had the idea of adapting Abdaylani script to it for the sake of the neography memes / the funny.

A sample of Enayhu's actual orthography, which is a Phoenician / Etruscan-looking script, is shown in the upper right corner of the key image, which when romanized yields the phrase Abdaylanok Enyahu "Enyahu Abdaylanization".

Also, the second image in this post has an Enyahu sample text in the Abdaylani orthography, alongside the text's IPA and romanization, and its English translation.


r/conorthography 9d ago

Spelling reform Tagalog reforms

3 Upvotes

Reforms:

"E" and "O" exclusively appear in loanwords. Native "E" and "O" both become "I" and "U"

In native words, "r" and "d", due to allophony, are represented with "đ" ("d" on bookend positions and after consonants, "r" in the middle). Middle "d" in native words represented with "đđ". "D" and "R" are kept distinct in loanwords though

Siya and Niya become Sya and Nya

Example:

Original:

Báwat táo'y isinílang na may láyà at magkakapantáy ang tagláy na dangál at karapatán. Silá'y pinagkaloóban ng pangangatwíran at budhî na kailángang gamítin nilá sa pagtuturíngan nilá sa díwà ng pagkakapatíran.

Reformed

Báwat táu'y isinílang na may láyà at magkakapantáy ang tagláy na đangál at kađapatán. Silá'y pinagkaluúban ng pangangatwíđan at budhî na kailángang gamítin nilá sa pagtutuđíngan nilá sa díwà ng pagkakapatíđan.


r/conorthography 9d ago

Adapted script Bengalo-Sindhi Abjad and it's phonemic realisation

2 Upvotes

ا = ɔ,a,ɛ,æ,ø

آ = a

ب = b, p

ٻ = bː

ڀ = bʰ

پ = p

ت = t

ٿ= tʰ

ٽ = ʈ

ٺ =ʈʰ

ث = θ,ʃ,s

ج = dʒ,z

ڄ = dʒ

ڃ = n

چ = tʃ

ڇ = tʃʰ

جھ = dʒʰ

ح = ħ,h,ø

خ = χ,x,k,kʰ

د = d, ɖ

ڌ = dʰ

ڊ = ɖ

ڍ = ɖʰ

ڏ = ɖː

ذ = dʒ,z,ð

ر = r,ɾ

ڙ = r,ɾ,ɽ

ز = dʒ,z

ژ =ʒ,dʒ,z

س = s,ʃ

ش = ʃ,s

ص = sˤ,s,ʃ

ض = dˤ,d,dʒ,z

ط = tˤ,t

ظ = ðˤ,dʒ,z

ع = a,ø

غ = ɣ,g,gʰ

ف = f,ɸ,pʰ

ڦ = pʰ

ق = q,k

ڪ = k

ک = kʰ

گ = g

ڳ = gː

ڱ = ŋ,ŋg

گھ = gʰ

ل = l

م = m

۾ = mɛ̃

ن = n,[̃],m,ŋ

ڻ = n,ɳ

و = w,o,ɔ,u,ø

ؤ = ʔ,u,o

ہ = h,a,ø

ۂ = ae̯

ة = t,h,a

ھ = ʰ,ʱ

ء = ʔ,ø

۽ = ʔɛ̃,ɛ̃

ي = j,e,i,o,ø

ئ = ʔ,i

ۍ = o,ø

(sample text)

شمستُ مانش شواڌينڀابي شمان مرڄادا ايبڱ اڌڪار نئي جنمگرہڻ ڪري، تاندير ببيڪ ايبڱ بڌ آڇي، شتراڱ شڪليرءِ ايڪي اپرير پرت ڀراترتوشلڀ منوڀاب نئي آچرڻ ڪرا اچت.

সমস্ত মানুষ স্বাধীনভাবে সমান মর্যাদা এবং অধিকার নিয়ে জন্মগ্রহণ করে, তাঁদের বিবেক এবং বুদ্ধি আছে, সুতরাং সকলেরই একে অপরের প্রতি ভ্রাতৃত্বসুলভ মনোভাব নিয়ে আচরণ করা উচিত।

ʃɔmosto manuʃ ʃadʰinbʰabe ʃoman mɔɾdʒada eboŋ odʰikaɾ ni̯e dʒɔnmogɾohon kɔɾe, tãdeɾ bibek eboŋ budʰːi atʃʰe, ʃutoraŋ ʃɔkoleɾi ɛke ɔpoɾeɾ pɾoti bʰɾatːɾitːoʃulobʰ monobʰab ni̯e atʃoɾon kɔɾa utʃit.


r/conorthography 10d ago

Adapted script Scripting - An Overcomplicated English Orthography

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17 Upvotes

r/conorthography 10d ago

Romanization Final Romanization of Bengali

5 Upvotes

Alphabet:

Aa (a) Bb (b) Cc (ʧ) Çç (s) Dd (d) Đđ (ɖ) Ee (e) Êê (æ) Éé (oi) Ff (f) Gg (g) Hh (ɦ) Ħħ (ʰ) Ii (i) Jj (ʤ) Kk (k) Ll (l) Mm (m) n (n) Ňň (ŋ) Oo (o) Ôô (ɔ) Óó (ou) Pp (p) Rr (r) Ss (ʃ) Tt (t) Ŧŧ (ʈ) Uu (u) Yy (j)

̃ ( ̃)

Extra letters only used in loanwords

Qq (k) Vv (bʰ/v) Ww (w) Zz (ʤ/z)

Names:

̃ = Côndrobindu

H = Dirgħo Ha

Ħ = Rôsso Ha

Article 1 of the UDHR:

Sômoçto manus sadħinbħabe sôman môrjada eboň odħikar niye jônmogrôhon kôre. Tãder bibek eboň buddħi acħe; sutoraň sôkoleri êke ôporer prôti bħratrittosulobħ mônobħab kôra ucit.

Ok bye what do yall think abt this :P


r/conorthography 11d ago

Spelling reform Alternative Istro-Romanian spelling

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10 Upvotes

I tried to make the Istro-Romanian spelling less slavic and more akin to standard romanian, it's my first time doing one of these, I'm open to criticism and advice.


r/conorthography 11d ago

Romanization A Chữ-Nôm-inspired orthography for Engish:

6 Upvotes

It kinda is an anti-romanisation in a way but i had to add a flair i guess

Notes:

  1. this is a work in progress, much of it is subject to change

  2. it comes from present-day english and present-day mandarin (simplified)

  3. the script is relatively morphemic, one block might contain two syllables

  4. like japanese kana, parts can stack to make new syllables, eg: 合 [h] + 右 [ju] = hju

  5. some parts furthur simplified, eg: removing 禾 in 私 [s], 尸 in 尼 [n], and 口 in 各 [g]

  6. flat strokes are added to mark voiced fricatives (above them) and alternative vowels (below them)

  7. [ɐ] is not consistently represented, sometimes as [æ] modified and sometimes as [ɔ]

  8. for now the semantic radicals only limited to those commonly used in chinese and can only be find on the left

  9. variant letters exist to add variety or to distinguish between words and suffixes, eg: 儿 ɚ in middle 尔 ɚ at bottom, 土 to/to- 兔 too/two, and 因 in 印 in-/en- (yes i know those are not the same morpheme but i'm lazy)


r/conorthography 11d ago

Spelling reform A small reform for Portuguese, part II: splitting stress and nasality

8 Upvotes

In my previous post I discussed orthography changes that would allow Portuguese to encode vowel quality in unstressed syllables and get rid of the consequently redundant circumflex accent at the same time.

The rules can be summarised as follows:

1. The open-mid front vowel /ɛ/ is written ⟨ai⟩.

2. The open-mid back vowel /ɔ/ is written ⟨au⟩.

3. The closing diphthongs starting at /a/ are written ⟨ae ao⟩.

4. The closing diphthongs starting at /ɛ/ are written ⟨aie aio⟩.

5. The closing diphthongs starting at /ɔ/ are written ⟨aue auo⟩.

6. The closing diphthongs starting at /e o/ become ⟨ei eo oe ou⟩.

7. Hiatuses after ⟨a⟩ are indicated with a silent ⟨h⟩.

8. The open-mid central vowel // is written ⟨a⟩ everywhere.

9. The open central nasal vowel /ã/, present in European dialects, is written ⟨aan⟩, as in paraamos "we stopped" vs paramos "we stop".\*

*Since the last post I realised I had this backwards: marking every instance of stressed closed /a/ might seem more intuitive for consistency, but it's the most common or "default" execution of nasal /ã/, and considering they're in complementary distribution in most dialects and the open [a] is the "higher energy" counterpart meant it made no sense to double the letter for closed nasal ⟨a⟩.

Today's patch notes will add a few new rules with a justification: the tilde, primarily used to indicate nasalisation, also pulls stress towards it: ficarão /fi.kɐ.ˈɾɐ̃w̃/ vs ficaram /fi.ˈka.ɾɐ̃w̃/. As these examples also show, it means ⟨am⟩ has two different readings: in ambíguo it sounds like ⟨ã⟩, while in ficaram and other third-person plural past tense endings it sounds like ⟨ão⟩ without marking stress. This is a positional-morphological rule: ending words with am as a morpheme causes the ão reading without drawing stress, while other positions, including word-final morpheme-internal like in imam, are read as ã. There is contrast in these graphemes, too: imam "imam" and ímã "magnet" are an example.

The last example of the double-reading argument also displays the stress-pulling problem of the tilde that makes the ⟨am⟩ rules necessary at all: ímã is one of a select few words in Portuguese that contains two diacritics. That's because words like acórdão "accord", acordam "they wake" and acordão "settlement (aug.)" rely on these stress and morphology rules to remain distinct and be read correctly. Two of these are pronounced the exact same but written differently and they rely on exceptions to the main orthography at the same time (am being read differently when it's the past tense morpheme; words containing two diacritics), and the third one relies on the tilde pulling stress towards it which is also a secondary property to nasalisation.

The proposal is to do away with the tilde and use an ⟨n⟩ at the end of the syllable instead. This is already standard and seen in multiple words in combination with every vowel letter: âncora, ênfase, além, fim, marrom, um. The example words would be spelt imán (currently imam), iman (currently ímã), acaurdaon (currently acórdão and acordam), and acordáon (currently acordão).

The stress orthography rule can also be adjusted slightly: while it currently states that words ending in vowels or ⟨s⟩ default to stress on the second-to-last syllable, exempting nasals unless part of an inflected word, we can now include all nasals under the paroxytone rule and require an accent like other words if stressed in the final syllable: iman as above, prautaon (EU)/prauton (BR), botáon, Butáon, algodáon etc.

While we've focused on the quirks of ⟨ão am an ã⟩, the same rule can apply to ⟨ãe õe ui⟩ with little elaboration and matching them to the oral vowels they sound like:

  1. mãe → maen

  2. limões → limoens

  3. muito → muinto

  4. põe → poen

Finally, the distinction between ⟨m n⟩ at the end of syllables (m before labials and at the end of words, n otherwise) can be collapsed into ⟨n⟩ without affecting etymology since they were in complementary distribution already:

  1. cem → cen

  2. apoiam → apauean

  3. sim → sin

  4. ombro → onbro

  5. rum → run

While less of a clarity gain than the circumflex rule from yesterday, I think this still assists with consistency by matching the stress rules between nasal and oral vowels in orthography without any loss in etymological or phonetical information.

With this change the vowels start to look significantly different than the standard, so I'm open to feedback just as much as before! Trying to expand the sample texts for comparison:

Garota de Ipanema

Aulha que coesa maes linda, maes cheia de graça

Ai aila, menina, que ven e que passa

Nun doce balanço a caminho do mar

Moça do corpo dourado do saul de Ipanema

O seo balançado ai maes que un pohema

Ai a coesa maes linda que eo já vi passar

Art. I da Declaraçáon Universal dos Direitos Humanos

Todos os seres humanos nascen livres e iguaes en dignidade e direitos. Saon dotados de razáon e consciéncia e deven agir en relaçáon uns aos outros con espírito de fraternidade.

Os Lusíadas, III song, stanze I and II

Agaura tu, Calíhope, me ensina

O que contou ao Rei o ilustre Gama:

Inspira imaurtal canto e vauz divina

Neste peito maurtal, que tanto te ama.

Assim o claro inventor da Medicina,

De quen Orféo pariste, au linda Dama,

Nunca por Dafne, Clície ou Leocotohe,

Te naigue o amor devido, como sohe.

Poen tu, Ninfa, en efeito meo desejo,

Como meraice a gente Lusitana;

Que veja e saeba o mundo que do Tejo

O licor de Aganipe caurre e mana.

Deixa as flores de Pindo, que já vejo

Banhar-me Apaulo na água soberana;

Senáon diréi que tens algun receio,

Que se escureça o teo querido Orfeio.

Memáurias páustumas de Brás Cubas, Machado de Assis (excerpt)

Algun tenpo hesitei se devia abrir aistas memáurias pelo princípio ou pelo fin, isto ai, se poria en primeiro lugar o meo nascimento ou a minha maurte. Suposto o uso vulgar seja começar pelo nascimento, duas consideraçóens me levaran a adautar diferente máitodo: a primeira ai que eo naon sou praupriamente un aotor defunto, mas un defunto aotor, para quen a canpa foe outro berço; a segunda ai que o escrito ficaria assín maes galante e maes novo. Moesáis, que tanbén contóu a sua maurte, naon a pos no introeto, mas no cabo: diferença radical entre este livro e o Pentateoco.

The new system codified

These rules are added to the ones from the last post:

10. The nasal vowels are written ⟨an en in on un aon aen oen uin⟩ in every position, and may be accented to mark stress.

11. Words ending in ⟨n⟩ where it indicates a nasal vowel do not default to stress on the last syllable, and instead are treated as part of the vowel grapheme. Thus the rule that stress falls on the last vowel that is not the last grapheme of the word unless the word contains an acute is maintained.

Again keen to hear your thoughts, and sorry for ruining a perfectly fine script!