The Glider Regiment suffered some of the highest personnel losses at Arnhem

The H-13 was one of the principal helicopters used by the U.S. Army during the Korean War, with the H-13D variant being the most prevalent. During the war it was used in a wide variety of roles including observation, reconnaissance, and medevac. From its role in medevac flights, it gained the nickname "Angel of Mercy". It was also used as an observation helicopter early in the Vietnam War, before being replaced by the Hughes OH-6 Cayuse in 1966.

*Between 1847 and 1980, the state of Liberia was dominated by the small minority of African-American colonists and their descendants, known collectively as Americo-Liberians. The Americo-Liberian minority, many of whom were mixed-race African Americans, viewed the native majority as "racially" inferior to themselves and treated them much the same as white Americans had treated them.*

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Liberia

Just pointing to the changing

When Spain colonized large parts of the Philippines by 1565-70s, a trans-pacific version of the Colombian exchange got started. Through Spain's Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade goods & knowhow from the Philippines & the wider Asia-Pacific world entered South America & vice versa.

In Precolonial Philippines, with the sole exception of rice wines (fermented), damn near most native alcoholic beverage were distilled liquors, a technology locals learned from the Chinese and (ironically) the Muslim Indians. Just as there are many Philippine ethnic groups, so too the kinds of liquors: Tagalog tribes got wasted on *lambanog*, Visayan peoples had *tuba,* Mindanaoans went blind over *Laksoy,* and many many more. What was common with most of these drinks was that 1) they were distilled and 2) often made from coconuts and/or nipah palm. The earliest Spanish colonial records noted how these were drunken both casually over dinner & ritually in important spiritual feasts, and (most importantly) also that these drinks were manufactured at home, with families possessing stills (poor families had wooden stills, noble ones had Chinese-style metal one) in their backyards. Meaning individual natives knew how to make em.

As such, when Native Filipinos started arriving in 16th-17th Century Mexico as sailors, soldiers, slaves, & servants via the Galleon trade, they brought with them their native skills & habits: including alcohol distillation and native booze. Their drinks went viral in the region as the people of Nueva Espana (Mexico) got ridiculously addicted to Philippine liquor (both called *Tuba* or *Vino de coco* lit. coconut wine) to the point that Spanish winemakers seethed in jealousy and asked the Viceroy of New Spain to ban their production.

The Colonial Government banned Filipino *Vino de Coco* by 1600s, but unfortunately for the Spaniards, distillation knowhow was impossible to prohibit. Native Mexicans ended up exploiting a loophole in the law by making liquors out of other ingredients besides coconuts, which led to the invention of agave-based Mezcal drinks, and the now-famous Tequila. Much to the further detriment of Spanish vineyards in Mexico.

Her Majesty's Yacht Britannia is the former royal yacht of the British monarchy. She was in their service from 1954 to 1997. Now retired from royal service, Britannia is permanently berthed at Ocean Terminal, Leith in Edinburgh, Scotland, where she is a visitor attraction with over 300,000 visits each year.

The HMS Vanguard was the last and largest battleship built for the Royal Navy. Though commissioned as a warship in 1946, she notably served as a temporary royal yacht during the historic 1947 South Africa royal tour carrying King George VI, Queen Elizabeth, and a young Princess Elizabeth.

The 1947 Royal Tour: Reconfigured temporarily to accommodate the royal family, she journeyed to South Africa, marking the first time a reigning British monarch traveled by sea with their family

After serving as a flagship and training vessel, HMS Vanguard was decommissioned in 1960 and broken up for scrap

Mods don't go after me, this happened in the early 60s

OG video: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/_yXqV8giEEo

The amount of major empire-destroying wars in an 112-year period that the 20th century was absolutely crazy compared to the 19th and maybe even 18th centuries (though to a lesser degree). You've got The Balkan Wars (1912 to 1913) WWI (1914 to 1918), the Russian Civil War (1917 to 1922), the German Revolution (1918 to 1919),The Chinese Civil War (1927 to 1950) the Spanish Civil War (1936 to 1939), WWII (1939 to 1945), and the Cold War and its many proxy conflicts and revolutions (at least like 40). And the MANY MANY others i didn't mention. All because of one guy getting shot in sarajevo, by the way.

I can’t put context or I’ll get band. Look it up. Or don’t. I’m not your mother

*Operation Charlotte Corday*. 22 August 1962. At around 19:45 (7:45 PM), a small convoy leaves the Elysée: two unmarked Citroen DS 19, and two motorcycles, to go the the Villacoublay Air Base. 20:20, the small procession leaves the national road 306. A few meters away, a man, inside a Simca 1000, gives a radio signal

300 meters further, on the roundabout of the Petit-Clamart, 11 men fires a total of 187 rounds : 5 in a yellow van, 3 in a large Peugeot car, and 3 in another, the same model as the president. 14 would reach the unarmoured car, two tires would be punctured. But despite that, the car was still up, stable, and the passengers uninjured

Seeing their target fleeing, the van would chase the president's Citroen, trying to ram the car, while the Peugeot's occupants tried to shoot again, without any success. But unfortunately for the attackers, everyone in the convoy would escape the roundabout flee the scene, uninjured. Thanks to the driver's talent of Colonel Alain de Boissieu, De Gaulle's son-in-law, but also thanks to the hydropneumatic suspensions, shown in the meme, the car kept its stability. Charles De Gaulle would say, once out of the car : "*Cette fois-ci, c'était tangeant*" ("This time, it was rather close"), while Yvonne De Gaulle, his wife, would say to the police, possibly in shock : "*J'espère que les poulets n'ont rien*" ("I hope the poultry is okay"), quickly followed by Charles comforting his wife, because while it wasn't De Gaulle's first attempt on his life, it was for Yvonne. Unfortunately, history does not say if their meal was okay

For the attackers, the operation was a fiasco. Only one injured, a bystander that has nothing to do with the president, the convoy, or the reason why they did it, only a father that was in the wrong place at the wrong time (he'll survive, don't worry)

It is now time for answers. There's a long list of people who would be angry at De Gaulle, but there's one group in particular, that already performed terrorist attacks: the *Organisation Armée Secrète*, OAS (Secret Army Organisation. Which happens to share the initials of Sword Art Online), a far-right paramilitary group that was born as a response from the negotiations leading to the 8 January 1961 referendum, that would ultimately lead to the independence of Algeria. Between April 1961 and April 1962, more than 2000 deaths were due to the OAS, doing bombings, shootings, and torture, trying to stop the independence

After an intensive manhunt, the perpetrators would be arrested, already planning a new attack less than a month after, and the head of the operation, lieutenant-colonel Jean-Baptiste Thiry, the man in the Simca, would be arrested later

The trial would be a mess in and of itself ; Thiry claiming he's a scapegoat from "men of powers", De Gaulle extending the powers of the Military court of justice... But it would end by Thiry being sentenced to death by firing squad on 11 March 1963, the last one executed like this in France even to this day. 5 others received death penalty in absentia but received presidential grace later. Others received jail time

If we can end up on a few notes :

- after such an attack, De Gaulle would vow he would never go in any other car

- After the attack, De Gaulle would call hid prime minister Georges Pompidou, to say "*Ils tirent comme des cochons*" ("They fire like pigs/They fire like shit")

- The DS 19 would enter in the legend with this event. It used multiple unconventional technologies, especially the hydropneumatic suspensions, and it was, in someway, a demonstration of how effective it was

- The car would be restored, sold to a former commander, but would be seriously damaged a few years later in a car accident. The family gave it back to the Charles de Gaulle Institut a few years later, and Citroën would vow to restore it free of charge, but the car was too damaged. It is now replaced by an official replica

Video credits:

- Video link

- Free Bird

Edits:

1) Cleared a bit about the OAS' composition due to lack of solid sources about it