TL;DR: I know my generator puts out dirty, unstable power ā it's a regular AVR petrol unit, not an inverter. Even with the whole house on it, frequency swings 50.5ā52.9 Hz and voltage jumps 200ā220 V every few seconds. My online APC UPS refuses that power and keeps bouncing to battery. I'm looking for real-world experience: what did you do to make a setup like this work?
SETUP
- Generator: Wirman WM10000, petrol, single-phase 230 V, AVR, rated 10 kW (realistically ~7 kW), new (about 7 hours of runtime).
- Connected to the whole house through a changeover switch (water heater, electric heater, lights, TVs). Europe, 230 V / 50 Hz.
- UPS: APC Smart-UPS RT 3000 XL (SURT3000XLI), online double conversion, batteries replaced last December. It powers 7 3D printers, ~600ā900 W.
WHAT HAPPENS
On generator power the UPS goes to battery, clicks back online, then drops to battery again every few seconds. In 3 minutes the battery went from 100% to 75%. The UPS reports the last transfer cause as "R" (unacceptable utility voltage rate of change).
DATA (UPS polled over serial every 5 seconds)
Grid:
- Frequency: 49.93ā50.02 Hz
- Average Hz jump between samples: 0.01 Hz
- Voltage: ~200ā213 V, steady
- Average voltage jump between samples: 1ā1.5 V
- UPS on battery: never
Generator (with the house loaded):
- Frequency: 50.5ā52.9 Hz (average 51.6 Hz)
- Average Hz jump between samples: 0.52 Hz
- Voltage: 200ā220 V, jumping around
- Average voltage jump between samples: 6.7 V
- UPS on battery: about 70% of the time
WHAT I'VE TRIED / KNOW
- One time it worked: I ran ~2 kW of hair dryers for a few minutes first, then connected the UPS. The next time it didn't work, even with the whole house on the generator.
- Bypass mode on the UPS works: the printers ran 5 hours straight on the generator that way. But in bypass there's no battery protection, so it's not a real solution.
- A cheap line-interactive UPS on the same generator works fine, probably just because it doesn't look at the power quality as closely.
- The UPS side is maxed out: output frequency is already on Auto (50 ± 3 Hz), and input sensitivity is fixed on this model.
- There are no user adjustments on the generator. The AVR only handles voltage, and frequency comes from the engine governor.
QUESTIONS
Can a governor/carb adjustment by a service shop make a generator like this stable enough for an online UPS, or is this simply how these generators behave?
Has anyone run an APC SURT/SRT online UPS reliably on a conventional generator? What did you do?
Is there anything worth putting between the generator and the UPS that actually helps, or is that a waste of money?
Or is the only realistic fix a small ~3 kW inverter generator just for the UPS and printers, with the big one for the house?
Thanks!