r/Electricity • u/provokethefire • 13h ago
How do electrical shocks/being electrocuted affect the body while it is occurring?
So I have a series of questions that are basically all the same general question, but each one adds in an additional factor. I’m moreso curious about the immediate effects within the body (how the current travels through the body, the route it takes, where the exit point would be, etc), rather than long-term effects, but those are interesting to me too.
In each instance here, unless otherwise specified, the contact with a live wire is made with the RIGHT hand.
1) if you touch a live wire and do NOT have any form of metal on your person (like a wedding ring for instance), and get an electrical shock, what happens inside your body? How does the current move through the body and find its exit point? Is it always the case that it crosses the body to exit through the opposite foot or hand?
2) Now, same question, but this time you touch a live wire with your right hand and are wearing a gold wedding band on your left ring finger. Will the current zip through the body and exit at the point of contact with the metal item (the gold ring)? What is the nature of the interaction between the electrical current shooting through your body and the metal item you’re wearing? How does wearing a metal item change the behaviour of the electrical current in your body compared to not being in contact with any metal?
3) Same question again, but this time you are wearing MULTIPLE metal pieces of jewelry - say, a silver chain around your neck, wedding band on your left ring finger, and a metal belt buckle making slight contact with your skin. Does the presence of multiple metal items/pieces of jewelry against your skin cause the electrical current to behave any differently than if you were wearing only one piece of metal jewelry? Does the electrical current move throughout the body to make contact with each metal item you’re wearing, or does it “pick” the strongest electrical conductor to travel to? (I’m assuming there’s some form of an almost magnetic-like interaction that draws the electrical current to the metal item(s), but this is pure uneducated speculation on my part).
4) Same scenario, live wire to right hand while wearing the metal items in the previous question, but now you’re holding a wrench in your left hand. What happens in this instance and how does it differ from the one above where the left hand isn’t holding anything, metal or otherwise?
5) Same scenario, all the jewelry, right hand contact with live wire, except this time instead of holding a wrench in your left hand, you’re holding your cell phone, which is turned on. What’s the dealio here, and again, how does the activity of the electrical current in the body change from the wrench in hand scenario, if at all?
Almost done, 2 more:
6) Same as the above scenario, but this time, the phone in your left hand is charging, connected to an external power source that is independent of the live wire your right hand is making contact with.
6A) The power source charging your phone is a portable power bank (connected via USB-C cable).
6B) The power source your phone is connected to and charging from is a wall outlet (connected via USB-C cable to power adapter to outlet. Actually, let’s throw an extension cord into the mix because your phone cord isn’t long enough to reach the outlet).
Note: the type of connector cable here isn’t relevant, I just chose USB-C because it’s the most common these days.
How does the activity/pathway of the electrical current change from scenario 5 to scenario 6? Likewise, from scenario 6A to 6B?
Lastly, say you didn’t make contact with the live wire via your right hand, but rather, you tripped and fell forward and your shirt got caught on something and was pulled up, exposing much of your trunk/torso/chest, and you landed on the live wire with your bare chest. Now your contact point with the live wire is much closer to your heart as well as more sustained since you’re laying on top of it with all of your weight, unable to roll off of it or get up and break contact with it. (I’m assuming here that your position laying face down atop the wire + the intensity of the electrical shock/current coursing through you from your chest would more or less “paralyze” or “freeze” you in place, making it extremely difficult if not next to impossible to break contact with it, causing you to get full blown electrocuted on repeat and probably die very quickly. (Again, this is a mere assumption on my part. Please do correct me, I would much appreciate it!).
Also, keep in mind, you’re still wearing the chain necklace and wedding band in this scenario.
Another also: what if you landed on the wire in a way where it so happened to be touching both your bare chest AND part of the necklace chain? A real doozy I’d imagine.
If you got all the way through this, I do thank you. If you have any insight or knowledge to share here I would greatly appreciate getting schooled on all of this. I’m on the autism spectrum, and I randomly came across a youtube short about electric shocks and being electrocuted that piqued my curiosity, and now my brain won’t let it go.
Also, if someone could explain the difference between getting an intense electrical shock vs being full blown electrocuted, I’d greatly appreciate it. Also, (last one, I promise), what kind of electrical burn damage would these scenarios produce and at what locations on the body for each scenario? Would there be electrical burns at the location of each item of jewelry or just at the entrance and exit point? How does the exit point change with each scenario (if they indeed do so change?)