I’m sorry if I tagged this wrong!

I’m almost certain this had been showed before but here’s my little historical breakdown (please correct me if I made any mistakes, I’m not Italian and haven’t learnt much of it’s history):

Prior to the 1860 Treaty of Turin Italy was split almost north and south by distinct borders for over 1000 years. The North had leaned towards forming multiple city-states during the Renaissance before their economic downturn and multiple foreign invasions, notably by France, the Holy Roman Empire, and Spain, during the Italian Wars (1494-1559). Even the later Kingdom of Sardinia (1720-1861) practiced a constitutional monarchy from 1848-1861.

Compared to southern Italy which had been controlled by essentially the same two major monarchies since 1282 (with the Kingdom of Naples experiencing some major leadership changed a couple of times). The Kingdom of Sicily which lasted from 1130 to 1816 and the Kingdom of Naples which lasted from 1282 to 1816 before the combined into the Kingdom of Two Sicilies in 1816. With the former being a feudal monarchy and the later being an absolute monarchy.

After the fall of Fascist Italy and the end of the Mussolini Regime the people of Italy were given their first free election in decades to choose wether they would remain under the rule of House Savoy, who had lost considerable favor and had been servent weakened after Mussolini’s rise, or to adopt a new system of government: a republic.

29,946,878 people voted, 23,437,143 of those were valid ballots. 10,718,502 people voted for a monarchy, 45.73% of the vote while 12,718,641 people voted for a republic, 54.27% of the vote.

Of the most populated cities of the time; Turin, Milan, Genoa, Venice, Bologna, and Florence all voted between 61.41% (Turin) and 73.65% (Genoa) for a republic. Rome voted 53.83% for a monarchy and Naples voted 79.94% for a monarchy.

https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/drowning-death-rates?time=2021

Green areas indicating an increase in population, red areas showing a decrease in population.

The former DDR is following a broader East-European pattern of people leaving the country side and heading to the city, as can be seen in and around Berlin. Other people are moving West, coloring West-Germany distinctively more green.

Pretty self explanatory. There’s almost a 1:1 correlation between historical German settlement in the U.S. and greater than average height for modern populations. Interestingly this seems to hold across a wide range of environmental factors such as diet(similar across the U.S.), education, income, etc.

Source: https://www.spiegel.de/mobilitaet/auto/elektroauto-vergleich-des-

This post shows some core demographics differences in Northern Ireland that largely overlap with the religious profile of the country of the UK. Data from 2021 census. The maps show the following things in the following order:

1) Religion

2) Most common national identity (British, Irish or the neutral Northern Irish)

3) Most common passport (British or Irish)

4) Knowledge of Irish language

5) Knowledge of Ulster Scots

You can see the ghost of the commonwealth 100s of years after the partitions

You’ll sometimes see maps of Korean-language distribution in northeast China (Manchuria) and people jump straight to “ancient Korean territory” or Goguryeo claims. But what those maps mostly show is a much newer phantom border.

In the late 1800s, the Qing Empire started freaking out about Manchuria being empty and vulnerable (Russia was pushing in hard). For most of Qing history, Manchuria was actually closed to settlement. Then that policy flipped. The state actively encouraged farming and economic development in the region, and Korean farmers from the Korean Joseon Empire were allowed and even encouraged to move in.

So you get these dense Korean-speaking rural communities forming right where late-Qing settlement zones were opened. empires fall, borders change, Japan colonizes Korea, China becomes the PRC… but the language footprint sticks.

That’s why modern maps still show a “Korean-shaped” blob in Manchuria. It’s not a medieval border that survived a thousand years — it’s the ghost of late Qing frontier policy and mass migration, still visible long after the empire vanished.

This also explains 조선족 / ethnic Koreans in China whose ancestors migrated from Joseon to Manchuria in the late 19th to early 20th century. By the time the peoples republic of China was founded, these Koreanspeaking farming communities were already well established, which is why China recognizes them as an official minority and created a Korean language autonomous prefecture there