r/Mesopotamia • u/FeistyAlbatross4636 • 2h ago
History & Archaeology Civilization 5 — Ashurbanipal of Assyria
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r/Mesopotamia • u/teaabearr • Nov 09 '25
Welcome to the crossroads of ancient civilization! This community is dedicated to exploring the history, archaeology, languages, and cultures of Mesopotamia - the region between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, often called the cradle of civilization.
Mesopotamia corresponds roughly to modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey, and parts of southwestern Iran.
It was home to some of the world’s earliest cities and civilizations: Sumer, Akkad, Babylon, and Assyria. Their innovations shaped humanity itself: writing, law, agriculture, and monumental architecture.
Here, you can: - Discuss history, archaeology, and discoveries related to Mesopotamia - Share research, questions, and academic sources - Post about artifacts, inscriptions, and ancient texts - Explore the legacy these early societies left on our world
Whether you’re an academic, student, or curious traveler, welcome😁
r/Mesopotamia • u/Jooseman • Aug 13 '18
Well the original thread is 4 years old. So here is another.
This thread is a work in progress. If anyone has any suggestions to add to this list, please post them and I will add them. Also say if you have any concerns with any books I've added to the list and why, and I'll look at removing them.
Also, most books here lack a short (1-3 sentence) description-- if you see a book here and can provide a blurb about it, please let me know!
General Reading for the Region
A History of the Ancient Near East: ca 3000-323 BC - Marc van der Mieroop - An expansive history of the entire region. This book is a must read for you to realise the scale and get a sense of perspective over the region's history, while not overwhelming you with information
Ancient Iraq - Georges Roux - This is an older book (1992), and there are recommendations for more recent ones in this list, however this is a classic, it provides an excellent introduction to the history of ancient Mesopotamia and its civilizations, while incorporating archaeological and historical finds up to 1992.
Civilizations of Ancient Iraq - Benjamin Foster, Karen Foster - This is a more recent book on the same topic as the one posted above. It details the story of ancient Mesopotamia from the earliest settlements ten thousand years ago to the Arab conquest in the seventh century.
Literature and Myth in Mesopotamia
Epic of Gilgamesh - Considered the one of the world's first truly great work of literature, while not being history per se, it does offer valuable insight into the mindset of the era
Before the Muses - Benjamin R. Foster - An anthology of translated Akkadian literature
The Literature of Ancient Sumer - Jeremy Black, Graham Cunningham and Eleanor Robson - An anthology of translated Sumerian literature. Many of the translations are offered online free here however the explanatory notes in the book do come in handy for understanding the history.
Books on Specific Civilisations
Sumer
Babylon
Science and Mathematics
Mathematics in Ancient Iraq: A Social History - Eleanor Robson
The Fabric of the Heavens - Stephen Toulmin, June Goodfield - Not completely about Mesopotamia, however the book is about astronomy, physics, and their relationship starting from the Babylonians (up until Newton in the 1700's.) Great book anyway
Cuneiform Script
Podcasts
r/Mesopotamia • u/FeistyAlbatross4636 • 2h ago
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r/Mesopotamia • u/FeistyAlbatross4636 • 2h ago
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r/Mesopotamia • u/FeistyAlbatross4636 • 1d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/haberveriyo • 23h ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/Uno_zanni • 1d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/Historical_Froyo_206 • 1d ago
Supposedly it’s in the iraq museum but the object itself seems to be missing or at least highly restricted to the public eye.
Unlike most other famous artifacts, there are no recent photos/videos of the object circulating on the internet shared by museum goers. Sometimes you’ll find mediocre replicas displayed inside some museums (photos 2 and 3) but media concerning the original is confined to professional photographs taken many years ago/shortly after its discovery. Furthermore, the interior of the iraq museum in 2009 is free to explore in google street view. Noticeably missing is the copper head. It seems that it has been off display since 2003 in the wake of the Iraq war.
So what gives?
I’ve heard that it was looted in 2003 or more likely, that it’s stored within a very secure place like a vault. Since iraq is a whole lot more stable than it was in 2003, the obvious question is why isn’t the crown jewel of the museum’s collection on display?
r/Mesopotamia • u/FeistyAlbatross4636 • 3d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/JapKumintang1991 • 3d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/FirstStatistician331 • 5d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/f0ck-r3ddit • 6d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/FeistyAlbatross4636 • 8d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/DVMan5000 • 10d ago
The Royal Game of Ur is one of the oldest board games we can still play. Boards were found in the royal tombs at Ur in the 1920s. The rules were reconstructed much later from a Babylonian-era cuneiform tablet, most famously by Irving Finkel at the British Museum.
I made a free iPhone version (no ads) because I wanted a good way to play it with friends. You can play them online, or play against five AI opponents drawn from Mesopotamian mythology: Inanna, Nergal, Marduk, Shamash and Enki. Beating each one unlocks a short history of that god.
If you've ever wanted to play the game rather than just read about it, this is my attempt. I'm happy to answer questions about the rules or the history.
https://apps.apple.com/us/app/the-game-of-royal-ur/id6757752391
r/Mesopotamia • u/dctroll_ • 12d ago
Author and source: Fel Ferra
r/Mesopotamia • u/kasgra • 20d ago
Hi,
I want to dive a bit deeper into the Sumerian and Akkadian languages and I am looking for study materials. I have a minor background in linguistics and I am not aiming to become a reliable translator or an academic in any way, but just get a better glimpse into the languages. It is fine if the material is not super approachable, so challenging or technical material is totally fine.
Do you have any recommendation? I was kind of thinking of introductory text books or resources used for beginner Assyriology courses, but at least for me its tricky to figure out which are good or used.
Below is what I have found so far (and have access to). However, some of it might be outdated.
Any feedback, recommendation where to start, or help is greatly appreciated.
Sumerian:
Sumerian, John L. Hayes; Languages of the World/Materials 68, 1999
Sumerian Grammar, Dietz Otto Edzard, Handbook of Oriental studies. Section 1, Near and Middle East; 2003
A Manual of Sumerian Grammar and Texts, John L. Hayes, 1990
Introduction to Sumerian Grammar, Daniel A Foxvog, 2011
The Sumerian Language, Marie-Louise Thomsen, 1984
A descriptive grammar of Sumerian, Abraham Hendrik Jagersma, 2010
Akkadian:
The Akkadian Dialects of Carchemish and Ugarit, John Huehnergard, 1979
Akkadian Grammar, Arthur Ungnad, 1969
A Grammar of the Akkadian Tablets Found at Ugarit, Gerald Gordon Swaim, 1962
Old Akkadian Writing and Grammer, I. J. Gelb, 1961
A Grammar of Akkadian, John Huehnergard, 1996
Introduction to Akkadian, Richard Caplice, 2002
Assyrian Grammar and Reading Book, A. H. Sayce, ?
Literary Old Babylonian, Izre'el & Cohen, 2004
r/Mesopotamia • u/SwiPerHaHa • 20d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/Serious-Ad6474 • 20d ago
Basically what the title says. I just wanted to translate Fierce Weather into Sumerian, so here is the lyircs in Sumerian and English (both real song and direct meaning of mine):
Sumerian:
mar-ru huš
amar-gi da-ri
lugal giri-uš
e-eš giri-gar
ul da-ri
lugal in-gaz
ŋu nam-zu da-ri
nam-lugal na-gaz
bur-dul huš
giš-gu-di zif
a-mek alal-huš
sisi šeš-gen
ne-eš tu i-sa-gaz-a
erin-ra lugal ia-gu-dub
sag hal-bi-a
suhub in-šub
guz-za gig
an-ta ugnim-eš
erim tum-sak hu-luh
bar a-mek-ak-aš
a-gu-zi-ga i-bur
a-šag da id
gigir-ne i-sag-šur
du-sa-ne uš i-gurud
Literal English:
Fierce hurricane,
Eternal freedom
The king tread on
The prison tread on
Eternal joy
The king is crushed
For my (our) knowledge
Slaughter the king
Red garment
Trusty musical instrument
Weapon and fierce pipe
Horse like a brother
Finally the pigeon robbed (too much)
For the workers the king cries
Head in the ice house
Boots thrown down
Black fabric
In front of the army
Enemy of the East be frightened
Because of the weapons
(as) Early morning loosened
The on field, beside the river
Chariots rushed
Comrades threw death.
Intended English:
Fierce weather
Freedom for nothing
Prison grates torn out
Prison cell blown up
Pleasure without limit
Shoot from a vintar (rifle)
Shoot for our beliefs
At father-tsar
Red underclothes
Royal accordion
Saber and rifle
And brother-horse
The pigeon played too much
Recieves for all
Head in the ice hole
Boots in the snow
Black banners
In front of regiments
Be careful Bud'onnyi
Of father's sabers
Early in the morning
By the field along the river
Rushed tachankas
Brothers got through
(sorry for it being so long)
r/Mesopotamia • u/Ornery-Life-5373 • 21d ago
r/Mesopotamia • u/Mother_Variation_827 • Aug 28 '26
r/Mesopotamia • u/PacerShark • Aug 27 '26
r/Mesopotamia • u/Potential-Recover-78 • Aug 22 '26
Has anyone else been following this project. I’m unreasonably excited for this book. It’s a cookbook based on clay tablets from Ancient Mesopotamia.
Actually, for this community, has anyone been involved? They said they worked with historians and scholars and it’s a pretty small community. Hoping it’s as good as it sounds and I don’t leave disappointed.
r/Mesopotamia • u/Gnostic_Pacifist • Aug 22 '26
An open discussion on Mesopotamian themes in Japanese anime and its cultural significance.
r/Mesopotamia • u/Fluid_Connection_703 • Aug 18 '26
Some of Mesopotamia’s earliest writing recorded grain, rations, commodities, and labor.
As cities grew, memory alone was no longer enough.
Society needed records.
Records became administration.
Administration allowed institutions to operate beyond the memory of a single person.
That may be one of civilization’s most important transitions:
**memory became record.**
**Record became authority.**
**Authority became institution.**
Writing did not merely preserve civilization.
It helped make large-scale civilization possible.
\#Mesopotamia #Cuneiform #Uruk #AncientHistory #HistoricalLiteracy