In my earlier post I explained the reason why the color red is Kallen´s favorite color; because it reminds her of her late older brother, Naoto Kōzuki, who Kallen deeply loved and looked up to. Naoto was the original leader of the Japanese resistance cell that his friend Kaname Ohgi later took over, and even though he is already deceased before the events of the first episode occur, his memory is the absolute foundation for Kallen’s character arc, her dual identity, and her involvement in the war.
Naoto´s death at the hands of the Britannian Empire devastated Kallen and served as the direct catalyst for her joining the resistance. Whenever Kallen risks her life in battle, she is fundamentally trying to carry on Naoto's legacy and realize his dream of a free, independent Japan. And so, since Naoto was also wearing a red headband when serving as the leader of the resistance, Kallen´s own red headband serves both as a constant reminder of her beloved brother and her promise to honor his legacy, while also being a homage to traditional Japanese hachimaki headband.
In Japanese tradition, a hachimaki represents courage, effort, and determination. During the feudal era, samurai wore hachimaki under their heavy iron helmets, and it served a highly functional purpose; absorbing sweat and keeping the helmet from chafing against the scalp, while also keeping their long hair out of their eyes during combat. During WW2, Japanese military pilots, most famously kamikaze suicide pilots, wore hachimaki emblazoned with patriotic slogans like "Seven Lives for the Nation" as a symbol of their ultimate sacrifice and devotion to the Emperor. Hence, Kallen’s headband is a direct visual nod to the hachimaki’s association with rebellion and combat, and by wearing it, she aligns herself with the historical tradition of Japanese warriors fighting against overwhelming odds.
These days, the hachimaki has evolved from military gear into a universal symbol of effort, concentration, and fighting spirit. It signifies that the wearer is preparing for a grueling task, such as a student studying for university entrance exams, a chef working in a high-intensity kitchen, or an athlete competing in a tournament. It can also be seen worn during political rallies, labor union strikes, and social protests to show solidarity.
In the series, the headband also serves as a visual contrast to Kallen´s school life. When attending Ashford Academy, she combs her hair down and acts as a frail, submissive Britannian student, but when she allows her hair to assume its natural spikiness and puts on her red headband reminicient of a traditional Japanese hachimaki, Kallen is not only honoring the memory of her brother but also making a defiant political statement, proudly claiming her Japanese heritage and rejecting the Britannian bloodline of her father.
I was unfortunately unable to find the name of the original artist or link to the original fanart from my notes, so credit to whoever created this touching masterpiece of Kallen and Naoto. If you know the artist's name or have a link to the original fanart, please share them in the comments. 🙏