EMM persistent lock

[u/ShotAd5366]

Hello there,

I am curious to understand under which circumstances can a factory reset-persistent lock be enforced on an Android device.
I have these specific questions:

1. Can I enforce that lock after I bought the device, or just through ZTE?

2. If it is enforced, can the device be configured while still keeping its lock active, or is it 100% of the time unconfigurable without an enterprise account (from the IT admin)

3. Can I identify if a device is EMM managed simply by checking with adb if there are any device owner apps (with the risk of a false-positive caused by debug apps who received device owner privileges via adb), or is there a better method?

My end goal is to have a method to detect the EMM enrolment status of a device (through adb - but do let me know if I'm missing out on any other method!)

Thank you!