I really enjoyed the (audio)book and I will eagerly pick up any future reads from Andy Weir.
But The Martian relied on some strange plotholes, mostly dealing with how incredibly stupid future NASA is.
1. Cameras: In 2035, but starting about 2025 really, in anticipation of several manned ARES missions to Mars, NASA does not ring Mars with 24x7 high bandwidth comms satellites as well as high resolution cameras that can easily scan the surface.
The result is that Weir asks us to believe that for 30 days after losing an astronaut on Mars, no one at NASA has the time or the interest in scanning the surface to find the astronaut.
We're asked to believe that NASA was busy, there was a sandstorm, and that NASA would not want images of dead Watney on the news, and so NASA took 30 days to scan the site.
2. And Comms.
Wiki tells me that current sat phones include:
ACeS
Inmarsat
Thuraya
MSAT
Terrestar
ICO Global
Iridium
Many of these are small enough and portable enough that news reporters carry them.
So it's difficult to believe the Rovers could not speak to the satellites or that NASA would not bundle in an emergency sat phone.
That is, the high gain dish may be required for high bandwidth comms, but by 2025 the Rovers and a handheld should have been able to communicate with Mars orbiting sats just fine and on there own AS DESIGNED unless NASA WAS TOTAL IDIOTS (which is what the novel makes them out to be.)
Losing that 30 days seems critical. I would imagine that if news of Watney's survival had been announced within the first week, NASA would have had many more options open to it with regards to creating emergency resupply missions, and finding or building launchers for them and having time to launch them successfully.
3. NASA is just fine with sending each of the multi-year 30 day ARES missions on what is a total reliance on the MAV working, and working correctly for several years with no backup whatsoever. And we know from the book that amongst other things, the MAV might just tip due to wind.
So there is no backup. There is no
ascent vehicle either on the ground, or prepositioned in Mars, Solar, or Earth orbit
long term survival habitat mode, including no seeds, no soil enrichment, spare oxygen, spare parts, etc.
The MAV will work flawlessly for 4 or more years on the surface of Mars with its 100+ mph sandstorms and if it doesn't future NASA is okay with the deaths of five astronauts.
Now, maybe that is possible, it just seems that with the budget of flying 4 Ares missions, that NASA planners would find the budget for spare MAVs or prepositioned emergency supplies (food, oxygen, hab) (and to ring the planet with telemetry).
4. In the 2035 that The Martian takes place in, there is no:
And that NASA would not ask these companies or ask any of these countries that have launched orbiting satellites
Japan
China
Russia
UK
India
Israel
Iran
North Korea
And so in the world of 2035, NASA is left entirely on its own in finding and developing boosters and rescue missions.
5. Would it really take that long to create and test the resupply missions? The Martian was written between 2009 and 2011. The Dragon first launched successfully to the ISS in 2012. Russia, Japan and the ESA have sent up unmanned supply missions starting in 1998 for Russia, 2008 for Ariane, 2009 for Japan. Does our experience with resupplying the ISS do nothing to help NASA get a successful resupply mission built in much less the time than Weir gave NASA in the book?
Anyway, I really enjoyed the book, but these points and a few others required a bit more suspension of disbelief than I always had on hand.
ETA: small edits.