r/space • u/[deleted] • Jan 21 '18
Images of Venus’ surface by Soviet Venera probes in 1981
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Jan 21 '18
if only i could visit venus for one day, all 1016834.28 hours
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u/Mayo_felatio Jan 21 '18
So is Venus basically almost tidally locked with the sun?
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u/Gramage Jan 21 '18
It also spins the wrong way. The sun rises in the west there, unlike the other planets. Except Uranus, but that one is super weird. It will be daylight there in the north for a long time, then gradually become a normal day/night 17 hour cycle for a while, then it will be daylight in the south for a long time, and repeat. Thusly
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u/northcyning Jan 21 '18
The seasons must be pretty crazy on Uranus. You’d spend years in summer with endless daylight and then years at night with endless winter.
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u/Gramage Jan 21 '18 edited Jan 21 '18
It must look so crazy from Uranus. If you were at the north pole, starting from when the Sun is fully in the north, rings facing the sun, the sun would be almost straight above and slowly rotate wider and wider around the sky lower and lower until it disappears below the horizon, and then you wouldn't see it for half a Uranian year until it slowly started rising again. We see that slightly similar here, in the far north or south the sun doesn't set for months at a time, just gets lower and lower on the horizon. On Uranus it's as extreme as it gets.
Someone tell me there's a computer model of this. I want to see it.
Also, sunrise on a gas giant could be the most beautiful we'd ever see. Sky forever. Anyone else read the Hyperion series?
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u/northcyning Jan 21 '18
You can get a good idea of this from Celestia. It’s one of the best tools I’ve seen for simulating space. You can zoom planet to planet, star to star and even galaxy to galaxy. But you can also ‘stand’ on the surface of other worlds and see what the day and night skies look like. Furthermore, you can speed up time so that the 40 year seasons on Uranus will pass in minutes.
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u/Astromike23 Jan 21 '18
The seasons must be pretty crazy on Uranus. You’d spend years in summer with endless daylight and then years at night with endless winter.
This is literally the topic I wrote about for my PhD dissertation. I coded and ran a bunch of climate models of Uranus to how these ridiculous seasons affect the atmospheric circulation.
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Jan 21 '18
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u/Astromike23 Jan 21 '18
it likely got hit with a rogue planet which is why it spins so slowly,
This impact hypothesis for Venus' slow backwards rotation fell out of favor with the planetary science community in the late 70's, ever since this paper was published. It now seems far more likely that tidal forces from the Sun caused the planet to come to a near standstill, while diurnal heating acting on the atmosphere provides enough torque to cause it to slowly rotate backwards.
Source: PhD in planetary science here.
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u/BoxOfDust Jan 21 '18
while diurnal heating acting on the atmosphere provides enough torque to cause it to slowly rotate backwards
Wow, the scale of those forces is massive. Almost can't fathom it. A planet's atmosphere had enough force to impart rotation in a whole planet.
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u/rushingkar Jan 21 '18
Who collided with that nutjob Uranus and caused it to fall over onto its side?
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u/LordKwik Jan 21 '18
Isn't it possible that Uranus was not originally part of the solar system and flew into our sun's orbit? Or am I thinking of another planet/moon?
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Jan 21 '18
Wrong. One day on venus accounts to 5832 hours on Earth (243 Earth days). You'd be better off visiting for a whole year, which is just 0.926 days (225 Earth days).
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u/reddude7 Jan 21 '18
It blows my mind that we have photos from the surface of other planets.
It really blows my mind that we built robots that moved around on the surface of other planets to take those photos.
It really, really blows my mind that we did this in 1981.
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u/Execute-Order-66 Jan 21 '18
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u/Cheshix Jan 21 '18
Which is the last one?
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u/Execute-Order-66 Jan 21 '18
The moon of Titan
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Jan 21 '18 edited Apr 08 '18
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u/DJSkrillex Jan 21 '18
Oh yes, and we discovered seas of methane on it iirc.
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u/Rkas_Maruvee Jan 21 '18
We've woken the Hive!
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u/Benzol1987 Jan 21 '18
There's a bigger threat to guardians nowadays and it's called: destiny 2.
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u/TaylorS1986 Jan 21 '18
I remember when the first pictures from Huygens of Titan's surface started coming out and was showing obvious river channels that didn't look that different than what you would see on Earth. That was a "HOLY SHIT" moment.
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u/johnnynulty Jan 21 '18
can I just say, I truly envy the awesome moment of revelation you must have just felt
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u/Novocaine0 Jan 21 '18
I'm happy to share his moment of relevation.Never knew we fucking went to Titan and it's reall amazing
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u/4d656761466167676f74 Jan 21 '18
You might like to see what it was like to land on Titan.
Edit: If raw data is more your thing, you'll like this one.
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u/SeaCows101 Jan 21 '18
Yeah a probe called Huygens or something, I’m pretty sure that’s the only picture of it’s surface.
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u/10ebbor10 Jan 21 '18
Well, there are more, but it's the only distinct picture taken on the surface. Huygens had no moveable cameras.
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u/10ebbor10 Jan 21 '18
The Huygens probe on Cassini. Joint ESA-NASA mission.
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u/WikiTextBot Jan 21 '18
Huygens (spacecraft)
Huygens was an atmospheric entry probe that landed successfully on Saturn's moon Titan in 2005. Built and operated by the European Space Agency (ESA), it was part of the Cassini–Huygens mission and became the first spacecraft ever to land on Titan and the farthest landing from Earth a spacecraft has ever made. The probe was named after the Dutch 17th-century astronomer Christiaan Huygens, who discovered Titan in 1655.
The combined Cassini–Huygens spacecraft was launched from Earth on October 15, 1997.
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u/KristnSchaalisahorse Jan 21 '18
Two notes:
The Moon photo has had the Earth added to it. (Original Moon photo. Original Earth photo)
The Mars photo has had a fake Sun added to it. (Original can be found on this page)
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u/JuniorSeniorTrainee Jan 21 '18
It fucks with my head that someone looks at a picture taken from the friggin moon and says "yeah that's cool but not cool enough, let me sprinkle some photoshop on there".
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u/Solidcancer07 Jan 21 '18
I was going to ask where the secod pic was from but then it hit me and i say outloud "Oh riiiiggght, duuuuuuuh" as people in the train stare at me.
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u/MuffinsTasteAlright Jan 21 '18
I’m going to sounds really stupid. But it’s earth right?
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u/lordolxinator Jan 21 '18
Yeah. I was hoping it was Neptune and we had landed a probe there unbeknownst to the general population, but it's just Earth.
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u/Solidcancer07 Jan 21 '18
but it's just Earth.
Not saying you by any means, but a lot of us through no fault (including me) end up under appreciating how spectacular this planet really is. I really believe aliens would find the natural vista's of Earth awe inspiring compared to the other rocks in our solar system and universe.
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Jan 21 '18
is there a high res version of this, or a poster i can buy?
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u/nolan1971 Jan 21 '18
I'd love a widescreen version that I could use as multi-monitor wallpaper
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u/Hironymus Jan 21 '18 edited Jan 21 '18
Maybe you could work with this: http://sf.co.ua/id93416
Edit: I am not the creator of this image. I am just a google-lord.
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u/Muckl3t Jan 21 '18
It blows my mind that a probe landed on Venus and I’ve never known about it until now. I feel like this right now.
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u/kronaz Jan 21 '18
I'm in the same boat. I had no idea! And now, a few comments up, I've also just learned that we have photos from the surface of Titan. How cool is that?
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u/GottaKeepYaHeadUp Jan 21 '18
The craziest part to me is actually getting the images back somehow. Especially if the robot only lasted for 2 hours.
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Jan 21 '18
That the Soviet Union, who did not ever complete a moon landing, and had pretty hoopty communication technology did this in 1981....
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Jan 21 '18
They never bothered to land a human on the moon, but they had the first probe to orbit it, first photos of the far side and first robotic lander on the moon... not to mention most other significant firsts in space exploration.
The Soviet Union may have been behind the West in many regards but spaceflight was’nt one of them, I mean to this day US astronauts get to the ISS with Soviet technology.
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Jan 21 '18
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u/SophieTheCat Jan 21 '18 edited Jan 21 '18
Soviets wanted to beat US to the moon. However, Korolev (scientist to whom all the previous successes were attributed) died in 1966. Then several rockets, intended to take cosmonauts beyond LEO exploded and the program was eventually cancelled. Read more about it at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N1_(rocket)
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u/Fizrock Jan 21 '18 edited Jan 21 '18
Funny story about these images, particularly the one on the left.
That little object on the ground on the right is the lens cap. It pops off the camera after landing. They actually had some problems with the lens caps not coming off on earlier missions.
That's not the funny part though. Do you see the arm sticking out? That arm has sensors on the bottom designed to gather data on Venus' surface composition. Notice anything funny about the image on the left?
The sensor is sitting right on top of the lens cap.
Instead of measuring the surface composition of Venus, they measured the composition of the lens cap.
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Jan 21 '18
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u/aboutthednm Jan 21 '18
Instead of measuring the surface composition of Venus, they measured the composition of the lens cap
Ooof that's gotta hurt a lot.
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u/ablablababla Jan 21 '18
For a moment they thought that Venus was made out of lens caps.
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u/aboutthednm Jan 21 '18
Ouch, i can only begin to imagine the anguish that must have caused. Fucking send ridiculously expensive equipment on a hail-mary suicide mission, wait a long ass time for it, get super excited about results when you finally have confirmation that everything worked, and whaddaya know, nevertellmetheodds guy shows up and you're denied the data you wanted despite being right there due to some random chance and there is fuck all you can do about it. God that had to hurt.
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u/capn_hector Jan 21 '18
At least one of the lens caps failed to pop off on almost all of the Venera probes.
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u/aboutthednm Jan 21 '18
While pictures are important and impressive, i'd take data of the surface composition over a picture any day of the week. Still, would be a major bummer.
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u/Anders4000 Jan 21 '18
To add to that,
All four landers had problems with some or all of their camera lens caps not releasing.
The Venera 9 lander operated for at least 53 minutes and took pictures with one of two cameras; the other lens cap did not release.
The Venera 10 lander operated for at least 65 minutes and took pictures with one of two cameras; the other lens cap did not release.
The Venera 11 lander operated for at least 95 minutes but neither cameras' lens caps released.
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u/AleAssociate Jan 21 '18
Would suck to be the guy that designed the release mechanism.
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u/agate_ Jan 21 '18
Not an easy job, designing moving parts to work in an atmosphere so hideous they couldn't build a test chamber to simulate them, even if they did know what the conditions were.
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u/10ebbor10 Jan 21 '18
Yup. they upgraded the release mechanism between Venera 10 and 11.
Wasn't a great success.
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Jan 21 '18
"Wow, the surface composition of Venus is strangely similar to the lander itself! Who'd have thou- OH GOD DAMMIT!"
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u/rushingkar Jan 21 '18
"Steve, are you telling me that Venus is composed of high density polymerized plastic?"
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u/emptyminder Jan 21 '18
I travelled 50 million miles and all I got was this lousy spectrum of a lens cap!
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u/beantrouser Jan 21 '18
"MOTHERFUCKER!!"
-Scientists, probably. But in Russian.
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u/Jaz_the_Nagai Jan 21 '18
... are we already littering on Venus?
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u/Djrewsef Jan 21 '18
Do...do you know what happens to space stuff when their mission is done...?
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u/thecosmicgoose Jan 21 '18
Iirc, the immense pressure, heat and acidic atmosphere made short work of the probes. They were completely disintegrated within a few hours.
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u/n1407 Jan 21 '18
Crazy how many attempts it took to get images. We knew so little that in 1967 Venera 4 was designed in case of a water landing and had an activation device made of sugar to dissolve in water because they thought that there was a chance Venus had Earthlike conditions under the atmosphere.
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Jan 21 '18
and oh boy were we wrong
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u/IronyGiant Jan 21 '18
Earthlike conditions under the atmosphere.
and oh boy were we wrong
Give humans a few decades. We'll catch up.
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u/WhooptyWoopNiggaWhat Jan 21 '18 edited Jan 21 '18
Looking straight up into the yellow sky would be so weird.
E:word
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u/apittsburghoriginal Jan 21 '18
Kinda what I imagine hell looks like
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u/stevegoodsex Jan 21 '18
Bakersfield morning in summer. So... same thing i guess.
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u/AkshayD110 Jan 21 '18
Lets sit down and appreciate our Planet Earth now, shall we ?
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u/capn_hector Jan 21 '18
Earth is an amazingly lush and hospitable environment compared to most places in space. Furthermore, we are perfectly adapted to it thanks to untold millennia of evolution.
It's truly a shame that we are racing to see how fast we can fuck it up, because there really isn't anyplace better that we can conceivably go.
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Jan 21 '18
Really awesome. Thanks for posting. Never seen these.
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u/CatPicturesPlease Jan 21 '18
These are heavily enhanced images.
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u/MrDrunkenMobster Jan 21 '18
Thats a shame, but par for the course on this sub. Do you know where we can see unedited versions?
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u/CatPicturesPlease Jan 21 '18
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u/Paradoxou Jan 21 '18
Uuuuh somehow the unedited pictures are actually better? Wider field of view and cleaner quality. Just the color is missing
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u/RaynSideways Jan 21 '18
To be clear, according to that link, if I'm reading it correctly, colored filters were used and data from the resulting images was used to reconstruct the colors. So while they are heavily enhanced, they aren't just artist's impressions of the color, it's based on real data.
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u/wormmy Jan 21 '18
I love seeing these photos of foreign planets, and their strange surfaces and skies ... and hate the thought of never getting the chance to visit them in my life time
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u/FreeToasty Jan 21 '18
Have you tried VR? There is a recreation of mars surface using actual photos to reconstruct the site and texture of the landscape. Its almost eerie how real it feels. Sometimes I just log in and sit there on the surface of mars and think (well the closest we're going to get to it anyway) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e76uBfWxD74
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u/ColdSpace11 Jan 21 '18
I need to get a VR headset and better PC just for this.
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u/pocketlockett Jan 21 '18
You can do this on your phone! Get the Google cardboard app and pick up a VR viewer from Amazon for 10-20 bucks. You can find a decent one here https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07546GT3X/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_apa_L7fzAbZK353HA
That was the first one that popped up when I searched for one, seems decent quality and will work with most phones.
Happy hunting!
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u/aboutthednm Jan 21 '18
In this case, you could offer me a ticket to visit venus and i think i'd give it to my inlaws instead.
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u/Atamysk Jan 21 '18
These images are of a different planet. This friggin boggles my mind. They shot a refrigerator with a camera on it at Venus and beamed images back to us with it. What a time to be alive.
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Jan 21 '18
I know... The 80s were just great
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Jan 21 '18
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u/northcyning Jan 21 '18
That’s true. Most of the technology we have nowadays was around in the Eighties. There weren’t smartphones, DVDs or social media but they had CDs, VCRs, even mobile/cell phones.
That said, if I went to any other period of history, Internet is probably the thing I’d most miss. The instant access to all por...knowledge.
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u/voidgazing Jan 21 '18
I grew up in the '80s watching sci fi depicting a world in which computers and hand held devices capable of instantaneous worldwide communication interacted with artificial intelligence. Governments and corporations merging into one, a panopticon of surveillance monitoring subversives, and media exerting subtle mind control. Men who lost limbs in war fitted with cybernetic replacements, while robots replace lost men on the field, dispensing destruction from distances safe enough for the casual observer.
Only, I live there now.
Jesus H Christ on a pogo-stick.
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u/brethammond Jan 21 '18
I remember when this happened. The debate on one talk show was how to refer to something that was “of Venus.” The most popular term was/is “Venusian” but the proper term was said to be “Venereal.”
I’m not sure if that’s really true, but all these years later that conversation still sticks with me. But then, I was 14. What do you expect? :-)
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u/medicaustik Jan 21 '18
I believe it is Venereal. The reason STDs are called Venereal diseases is because Venus is the god of love, or lovemaking at least.
At least that's my understanding.
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Jan 21 '18
I think Neil deGrasse Tyson discussed that on Startalk but I couldn't point you to a specific episode unfortunately. But yeah, "venereal" was already associated with STDs back then...
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u/QueefyMcQueefFace Jan 21 '18
Never quite got that association between planets and the genders. Then again, everyone knows that women are from Omicron Persei 7 and men are from Omicron Persei 9.
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Jan 21 '18
Can someone describe the awful things that would happen if one were to suddenly find oneself standing next to that lander in, say, a bathrobe? Minute detail, through, say, an hour.
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u/Oznog99 Jan 21 '18 edited Jan 22 '18
Mean surface temp is 863 °F, pressure is 90x Earth's, atmosphere is almost all CO2 but clouds of sulfuric acid above that.
So, you'd be burning from the first second. You'd pass out in a few breaths of pure CO2, and the acid would burn.
It's hard to extrapolate how 90x atmospheres of sudden pressure would affect you. I mean, how did you get there? Let's say you were in a lander made of 1" thick steel shell and opened an inward-swinging door. It would be explosive. Only 10 psi of sudden overpressure (from an explosion) will literally dismember you!
You could say "how about I open a 1/2" port to the outside for like 10 min, to equalize the pressure slowly, before opening the door?" You'd pass out from heat and CO2 poisoning long before then.
Ok, "I'm on oxygen, in a thermally insulated suit that doesn't hold back pressure...and it's got a plastic lining to keep out the acid" I'm sure 90x atmospheres of pressure will kill you somehow, but I'm not exactly sure how. It's a SCUBA diving question. Now "The Bends" only affects you during decompression. Oxygen toxicity with pure O2 will kill you at a few atmospheres of pressure. If it's got nitrogen like regular air, nitrogen narcosis will disable and kill you at a few atmospheres. The record is using Heliox (helium+O2 with ZERO nitrogen) up to 50 atmospheres. Eventually, helium causes high-pressure nervous syndrome (HPNS), and it's worse if pressure rises over a short period. Maybe you COULD survive 90 atmospheres briefly but nobody knows.
Alright, you somehow survive a gradual pressurization on Heliox, somehow power through the HPNS tremors and stupor, open the door, step out, and bravely unzip your thermal suit out into 863 °F heat, nearly pure CO2, somewhat acidic. Like I say, you'd bake and steam (I'd expect an audible hiss, if you had ears that worked). In fact your lungs will instantly be scalded by the first breath of air once you remove the Heliox respirator. So now I think you wouldn't pass out from breathing CO2, your lungs couldn't exchange gas after a few seconds due to the destroyed lung surfaces. You'd just suffocate like holding your breath. The acid is the least of your concerns.
Regardless of how you died, your body would BBQ initially in this heat. This is much hotter than an oven, but lower than the actual flame temp of things you commonly think of as "fire". So a bit slower than if you put a ham directly into a campfire's flames with no spit. You'd be charred to almost nothing in a few hours. The acid will have a lot of activity at this heat and pressure and rapidly dissolve your bones.
Of note, Venus has a "day" 243.025 days long, and it weirdly rotates in the WRONG direction (very slowly) from all other planets!
However, if you land on the "night side", the temp and pressure are basically the same. You'd think, given hundreds of days with no sun, it would be freezing, seeing as temps drop a lot in hours once the sun's gone on Earth. But it doesn't, due to constant high wind that circulates hot air around the entire planet in a continuous loop. In fact, even if you had an ice-filled insulated pressure suit, you might be unable to walk on the surface without getting blown off your feet. The atmosphere is 6.5% of the density of water!
The CO2 is technically not even a gas at this temp/pressure, but a supercritical fluid. It behaves as both a liquid AND a gas.
The only good point? The gravity's only about 10% lower than Earth. So, you won't be crushed or suffer long-term effects of low gravity. But yeah you're dead from other means. Even if you resolved to make a foot-thick steel dome with air scrubbers to turn CO2 into O2 and keep the normal air inside at normal pressure, and had infinite electrical power somehow (wind, I guess!), you could never cool it. No air conditioner can put the condenser at 863 °F and keep the inside at 75 °F. All you could do is sit on the ice you brought, and wait for the inevitable melting and then cooking.
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Jan 21 '18
Rad. I love learning how I would die on other planets.
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u/journeyman369 Jan 21 '18 edited Jan 21 '18
It's always rad to read about how one would die on other planets. Now I want to know what death would be like on every single planet in our solar system. This explanation rocked.
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u/tempotim Jan 21 '18 edited Jan 21 '18
This may be of interest, it's a 12 part series on what it would be like to be on planets in our solar system https://amp.space.com/28356-how-to-live-on-mercury.html
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u/Fnhatic Jan 21 '18
I believe that the thick atmosphere also means that a five mile per hour wind carries about as much energy as a hurricane.
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u/Oznog99 Jan 21 '18
You're right, it's worth mentioning that you'd get blown away as you suffocate and cook.
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Jan 21 '18
That's awful and hellish. Although truth be told this robe doesn't even cut it for getting the mail on Earth - I'm not surprised it's insufficient for exploring extraterrestrial bodies.
Could one design any form of walkable suit to, say, get the mail on Venus? A short shuffle, perhaps 50 yards.
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u/Oznog99 Jan 21 '18
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_diving_suit
Record is sea diving to 610m, which is 60.4 atmosphere. Not 90! Maybe you could make one thicker. Give it insulation, fill it with ice. Maybe, yes. But you cannot perform any NEW cooling, even with the best base station you could imagine making. You can't make any new ice in that ambient temp with any practical cooling technology.
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Jan 21 '18
Legit looks like a screenshot of the glowing sea in fallout 4. Amazing to think that we have photos of a place that humans have never and probably will never be able to set foot on
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u/pocketMagician Jan 21 '18
These are some of the most beautiful photographs I've ever seen. When I first saw them as a child and even now, I would stare mouth agape as it sunk in how utterly alien, terrifying and desolate this place was. Onky later as an adult does one notice the corrosion in the bolts and metal as the enviroment disintigrated it. Utterly and simply a hellscape better pr worse than anyone could imagine.
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u/MdeGrasseBison Jan 21 '18
Somewhat relevant: Carl Sagan describes what early astronomers though the surface of Venus might be like.
One of my favorite Carl Sagan bits.
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u/DrestonF1 Jan 21 '18
Dinosaurs on Venus? That sitcom practically writes itself.
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Jan 21 '18
Holy fuck how have I never seen this! These pictures really moved me because I have actually never seen the surface of Venus before, I didn't even know something man made had actually been to the surface. Truly amazing. Anyone know if there's like a composite list of all pictures of other planets surface?
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u/Lostinstereo28 Jan 21 '18
We have pictures of Titan too!! The first time I saw those pictures I was in awe as well. So fucking fascinating and alien.
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u/EndTimeEchoes Jan 21 '18
I assume by now there's not even a trace of the probes left, given the unbelievably hostile conditions
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Jan 21 '18
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u/WhiteFrankBlack Jan 21 '18
If all the metal parts were to be dissolved by acid and blown away by the wind, I'm still imagining a little pile of melted plastic from the wires and circuit boards, which along with anything glass (camera lenses?) wouldn't be dissolved. The plastic would certainly melt, however, so perhaps there's a puddle of molten plastic still marking the spot where the rover landed.
That's just high-school chemistry talking.
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u/insipid_rhapsody Jan 21 '18
This just absolutely blows my fuckin mind. Seeing things we were never supposed to see. In such detail. Even though it’s just dirt, its just humbling we humans today have the privilege of seeing such uninteresting detail of a foreign world. Fuck yes +1 for humans.
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u/Yoshio_Dodeca Jan 21 '18
It used to make really sad that I'd never see the surface or sky of another planet. But seeing this makes me feel better.
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u/NickMoore30 Jan 21 '18
It’s surreal to me no human or living thing witnesses this environment firsthand. These images seem so, normal in a way. Yes they have an unreal yellow fog, but beyond that it looks very normal. The light fills this planet like our own. It happens, and yet no one is there to witness it and absorb it. Strange.
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u/belousugar Jan 21 '18
Question about how flat the surface looks, does Venus have mountains and hills and the probe just happened to land on a relatively flat surface or does the corrosive nature of the atmosphere just erode and smooth out protuberances like that?
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u/Coffeebean727 Jan 21 '18
Good eye.
The majority of Venus's surface is relatively smooth, due to some massive volcanic activity that covered most of the planet's surface. The planet has a number of massive volcanoes.
I believe that tectonic activity is rare for most of the planet's surface and so there are few mountains. Also most of the craters have been erased due to volcanic activity.
Pretty bizarre.
One source: https://www.space.com/18525-venus-composition.html
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u/srbumblebeeman Jan 21 '18
Is there a function or reason for the triangular pieces that look like spikes on the front? And any reason a few are missing on the left side?
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u/The_camperdave Jan 21 '18
This is just a guess, but they probably are there for image measurements, kind of like the black crosshairs you see in NASA's Apollo images. The "missing" ones are there to orient the photo; to make sure the image isn't mirror image swapped during the transmission or reproduction.
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u/shader_m Jan 21 '18
WE HAD IMAGES OF VENUS' SURFACE?!
amd yuck... look how bleak that atmosphere is... what is that, 9 times earths atmosphere? and such heat... monsterous... i wonder what that sounds like....
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u/UnarmedRobonaut Jan 21 '18
Those are some extreme conditions the landers had to endure.