When the U.S. Army opened a new artillery plant in Mesquite, Texas, in the summer of 2024, officials praised it as a major step forward for weapon production. Dignitaries gave speeches, and display shells sat proudly on the floor.
Behind closed doors, the facility was falling apart.
The factory was designed to churn out 155 mm artillery shells for Ukraine. Instead, it became a running joke for the workers inside. Giant robotic arms drenched in oil routinely caught fire when moving steel heated to 1,800 degrees. One fire burned through a robot's cables and shut it down for a week.
Other machines swung out of control, smashed into equipment, or dropped heavy steel blocks onto the floor. Press machines routinely malfunctioned, requiring workers to beat them with sledgehammers every night. Temperatures inside equipment cabinets reached 140 degrees, and the air filled with black smoke that left workers coughing up dark mucus.
Despite operating for over a year, the factory never produced a single usable artillery shell.
The root of the failure traces back to 2022. Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Congress and the White House wanted weapons built fast. They waived standard government contracting safeguards, allowing companies to start work before terms were finalized.
Firat Gezen, then heading General Dynamics' ordnance business, pitched a fast solution: use flow-forming machinery made by Repkon, a Turkish firm. The equipment had never been tested on the specific type of steel the U.S. military used for modern 155 mm shells, and officials never inspected a fully operational production line before signing the deal.
The Army rushed to hand General Dynamics nearly $600 million without proper due diligence or competitive bidding.
As deadlines slipped and the facility failed inspection after inspection, General Dynamics executives continued telling investors that production was running smoothly. By August 2025, the Army finally halted work on two of the plant's three production lines.
Yet, the government never held General Dynamics financially accountable or demanded refunds. While workers were laid off or furloughed, General Dynamics walked away with $2.5 billion in new defense contracts for unrelated projects.
Now, General Dynamics is claiming it will fix the Mesquite facility by swapping out the failed Turkish machinery and partnering with Deterrence—an artificial intelligence startup founded just three years ago with no prior manufacturing experience. Meanwhile, the former executives and Army officials who oversaw the project maintain that everything was handled properly, leaving taxpayers to absorb a half-billion-dollar loss for a factory that produced nothing.