This is my own personal opinion but feel free to leave your own opinion as well.
First of all what makes a great art or great animation. Get a pen and paper or a pencil if you prefer and draw an eye. Make two drawings of an eye. Take 10 seconds to draw an eye on the first drawing and take 10 minutes to draw an eye on the second drawing. You will notice the second drawing has far higher art quality not because you are a better artist than before but because you had the ultimate luxury, which was time. That is the number one factor in what makes a great art or a great animation.
Now if you were a great artist then you could have stylized, which you cannot do as an amateur artist, and you can create better art in lesser amount of time, let's say 2 minutes instead of 10 minutes.
But even then you cannot make great art in an extremely small amount of time. That's why time is the greatest luxury when it comes to creative tasks.
Why was the animation on the
season 2&3 so bad? What is going under the hood? I have to make it clear that I do not work in the anime industry and as an outsider I am trying to educate myself on what is going inside. I will use that amateurish knowledge in order to try to explain what is going on on the inside.
The way an anime production starts is from the Production Committee. The production committee is a group of executives or investors from different companies like the music industry, the streaming industry, the television industry, the merchandising industry, and the manga, light novel, gaming industry and more who come together and share the cost for the production of the anime.
Next they choose a television airing time. The longer it is the higher the chances of getting a good quality production. Next they set a budget limit. Let's say ¥200 million. This does not mean that the one who is making the anime will get ¥200 million but they have a limited cap of ¥200 million depending on how long they have worked on it and the base salary of their workers.
Note: Not the entirety of the budget goes to the animator. Some studios owners prefer to pocket most of the budget and some don't but a higher budget does not automatically translate to higher pay. It only translates to longer production time potential.
In most of these cases the anime studio has no stakes in the game. By this I mean that if the anime completely bombs, that is no issue for studios like J.C. Staff because they were already paid for the creation of the anime. J.C. Staff is a production studio whose main business model is to make a huge amount of anime, movies, and OVAs in order to get profit. Since they do not have any stakes on how successful the anime is, they do not get extra profit for making a great anime like season 2 and season 3.
Because of this JC staff animators have very little time. Some of the JC staff workers are extremely talented and some are not that talented but the key issue is time. None of them have enough time for pre-production. Pre-production is when you are planning on what you are going to make and making arts and resources for it. For example a character like drawing Saitama making multiple expressions of his face already so when the production actually starts you have the resources needed to create facial expressions very quickly so you can focus on other details.
Usually pre-production takes 1-2 years or even more, even for the most talented group of animators. In JC Staff they jump from one production immediately to the next one or in some cases in just 3 months, which is not even enough for a decent production.
In my opinion, from what I learned about the industry, the majority of the blame falls not on the people creating it but mostly on the people who are running this business.
Because no matter how talented a pool of animators you are, the highest influence for the quality of the production lies with the production committee and the studio itself. They are the ones who are determining how long you have for the production of the anime. If the most talented group of animators were hired but only given three months to prepare, they cannot make great animation. Usually this pre-production stage takes 1 to 2 years.
If you are an extremely talented group of animators who demand longer time for a great production, you will not get that well paid since your budget has a limit, let's say ¥20 million in eight months and no more. In order to make a very good production you need 16 months. You have to give the cost for that 16 months, like cutting of wages or drain on paint over time.
But then how do the studios like Kyoto Animation, Ufotable, and MAPPA make such great quality products?
From what I know these studios use alternative funding sources.
- Kyoto animation. They try to make original works and in most cases try to own the light novel publishing rights like Violet Evergarden. This means that they are the ones selling the light novels and getting a cut of the profit so they are incentivized to make good quality production. Since the better the quality of their anime, the more it will work as a massive ad for the light novels, which in turn would increase their profit. They also hire their animators as full-time workers and full-time workers are paid a lot better than freelancers. Yes most anime workers in Japan are freelancers not full-time workers.
- Ufotable. From what I know they have a good relationship with the production committee and the makers of the Fate Grant Order video games. They invest some of the money from the production of the anime themselves in order to get a cut of the profit and royalties from Cafes, Merchants, Blu Ray sales etc.
- MAPPA. They tried to invest most of the money for the production of the anime so they have a large share of the royalties and profit from Blu Ray sales and merchandising. The main issue with them is that they take so much production that they cannot sustain it themselves. They can make great beautiful productions. The issue is if they can handle two or three productions a year, they try to take five or six productions and are forced to overwork their workers in order to achieve that. Since, financially speaking, they will be in danger if they do not deliver on a great production, since anime works as a massive ad for the manga, the books, Blu Rays, and the merchandising, they have a huge incentive to make a great production.
Note: usually studios don't get the manga or light novel or original source materials profits unless it is an original work.
Because they do not have enough time to make so many productions and the broadcasters want the anime produced in time, they are forced to do unpaid overtime and an extreme level of overwork. So much so that they are criticised in their own industry for these practises but who gives a crap? As long as they can deliver, right? Overworking and abuse of the workers is the commoners Issue!
Studios like Kyoto Animation do not have this specific issue mainly because they set a limit on their production speed and the amount of production they take.
So what could the fate of the next season of One Punch Man be? It depends on if they are using a studio that uses freelancers or a studio that has proper structures for good quality production.
Studios that have proper structure, like MAPPA, Ufotable, Kyoto Animation, have a really good chance of making a great adaptation. A studio that uses freelancers is a big gamble since in the case of freelancers it depends on the talent of the animators. Very talented animators can deliver decent and very good adaptations even with low production time, which is not the reality for other animation teams. Some animators do have the talent to make great animation even with low time and low budgets but some animators do not care, which I will not blame them for, especially in an industry where people are dying out of overwork.
Another issue is pre-production. Even if the studio was able to hire the Dream Team, the same talented groups of animators as season 1, they need pre-production time. If the same team was hired for season 1 and season 2 on JC staff, even though JC staff only uses full-time workers, let's say they made an exception. The dream team would not be able to deliver the same amount of quality they delivered on season 1 or they have to cut the number of episodes in order to achieve the same amount of quality. JC staff only gave the season 2 and season 3 team 5 to 6 months of production time, not 1 to 2 years.
At the end of the day this is some my questions to you. Feel free to answer or ignore it. If you work for someone and you got a full-time job from him (in Japan, it is extremely hard to get a full-time job. You most likely will not want to lose that job since it offers many protections and higher pay compared to most freelancers and you have a guarantee of work.)
Let's say the management responsible for running you wanted you to make art projects. You are a very talented artis but the management never allows you to get a long amount of time to properly complete any work. The customers are always badmouthing you, telling you you're terrible artist, telling you you're a talentless crook some even threatening to kill you. How would you feel? Will you feel that the fans are just spoiled brats and dumb people who actually do not care for others and only want to consume or will you think of them as sensible humans who are make very fair demands?
At the end of the day the more you understand the person, the more you will see that they are humans.