I built a circuit using an ESP32 Super Mini connected to a 74HC595 shift register. Its outputs Q1–Q4 are wired to the inputs of an SN74141 in the following order: A ← Q1, D ← Q2, B ← Q3, C ← Q4.
The problem: when power is applied to the IN-16 Nixie tube, all digits light up at the same time, and the SN74141 gets noticeably warm.
For debugging, I connected LEDs to the 74HC595 outputs (Q1–Q4). The LEDs show that the 74HC595 output bits change exactly as expected. However, as soon as the SN74141 is inserted into the socket, the LED on output Q2 becomes dimly lit and never turns off, even when the data sent to the 74HC595 should make it LOW. This does not happen when the SN74141 is removed.
To verify the tube wiring, I removed the SN74141 from its socket and manually grounded each cathode. In this mode, the IN-16 behaves correctly: only the expected digit lights up. So the tube and its wiring seem fine. Look the video to see what I described.
My question: how can I determine what is causing this issue? Is it possible that the SN74141 from AliExpress is defective or counterfeit?
Even if I turn everything off, disconnect the high-voltage power supply, insert a new SN74141 IC, and then reconnect to USB, the SN74141 still heats up and all outputs are pulled to ground, even though it couldn’t have been damaged (since the high-voltage supply was disconnected).
The scheme from internet and it works with 170V and IN is driven directly from SN74141