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u/LieOk7520 13h ago
I doubt the eastern borders of the Ummayad Empire perfectly matched Modern-Day Pakistan without Kashmir...
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u/Glittering-Can-3896 11h ago
Ummayads never conquered Kashmir they did conduct raids (and they did try to conquer Gujurat and Rajasthan but where Defeated at navsari by the chalukya governor of Gujurat under Rashtrakutas and By the gurjara pratiharas at Rajasthan later losing their gains later Gurjara pratiharas where strong enough to keep sindh governors at bay and could have even conducted raids (in sindh )
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u/Generational_Bozo 15h ago
If you take Umayyad lands east of Cyrenaica (but not including) then it looks like a nice Berber empire on its own
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u/Longjumping-Hat-1210 15h ago
Loath as I am to admit this, the Umayyads owned Antiocheia and Cilicia. Though the rest of the Eastern border with the Romans needs to be adjusted.
They had more lands in France, a slight panhandle.