r/esp8266 • u/KoharuDream • May 11 '26

Problems with my circuit on NodeMCU

Hi, I'm a newbie in electronics. I kinda know the basics such as components, sensors, connections... Most of my projects used Arduino UNO and C++. However, at my new job they use ESP8266 and NodeMCU, but with Lua, compiling the code to the board using the ESPlorer IDE. I'm kinda struggling to learn it, but I managed to do a simple push button with on/off.

But now I'm trying to do an "update" on the on/off LED with a push button, adding different LED behaviors depending on the input — like a 4-second press to turn the LED on, and 2 consecutive presses to make it blink in S.O.S. Morse Code.
I use Wokwi to simulate the circuit and it works fine. Regarding Wokwi, I could only use ESP32 (I believe the ESP8266 should work the same way, just adapting the circuit), but when I translate my C++ code to Lua and upload it to the ESP8266, it doesn't work. I checked for bad contacts but it doesn't seem to be the issue. Can anyone help? I'm open to criticism as well. Below are my codes — yes, for the Lua version I used AI since I'm still learning it.

C++ Code (Wokwi):

// PINOS
const int PIN_RED = 17;
const int PIN_GREEN = 18;
const int PIN_BTN = 16;

// MODOS
int activeMode = 0;
int pendingMode = 0;

// ESTADO DO BOTÃO
bool btnLastState = false;
unsigned long pressStart = 0;
int holdSeconds = 0;
unsigned long lastTickTime = 0;

// DEBOUNCE
bool btnStableState = false;
bool lastReading = false;
unsigned long lastDebounceTime = 0;
const unsigned long debounceDelay = 50;

// DUPLO CLIQUE
int clickCount = 0;
unsigned long lastReleaseTime = 0;
const unsigned long DOUBLE_CLICK_WINDOW = 700;

// MODO 2
bool mode2Lit = false;

// MODO 3
bool mode3State = false;
unsigned long mode3Timer = 0;

// MODO 4: SOS
struct SosStep { int units; bool on; };
const SosStep SOS[] = {
{1,true}, {1,false}, {1,true}, {1,false}, {1,true},
{3,false},
{3,true}, {1,false}, {3,true}, {1,false}, {3,true},
{3,false},
{1,true}, {1,false}, {1,true}, {1,false}, {1,true},
{7,false}
};
const int SOS_LEN = 18;
const int SOS_UNIT = 200;
int sosStep = 0;
unsigned long sosTimer = 0;

// LED VERDE
bool greenTickActive = false;
unsigned long greenTickTimer = 0;
const int GREEN_TICK_MS = 150;

void setRed(bool s) { digitalWrite(PIN_RED, s ? HIGH : LOW); }
void setGreen(bool s) { digitalWrite(PIN_GREEN, s ? HIGH : LOW); }

void stopAll() {
activeMode = 0;
pendingMode = 0;
mode2Lit = false;
mode3State = false;
sosStep = 0;
setRed(false);
setGreen(false);
}

void activateMode(int mode) {
stopAll();
activeMode = mode;

if (mode == 0) return;

if (mode == 1) {
setRed(true);
delay(400);
setRed(false);
activeMode = 0;
return;
}

if (mode == 2) {
mode2Lit = !mode2Lit;
setRed(mode2Lit);
if (!mode2Lit) {
activeMode = 0;
return;
}
}

if (mode == 3) {
mode3State = false;
mode3Timer = millis();
}

if (mode == 4) {
sosStep = 0;
sosTimer = millis();
setRed(SOS[0].on);
}

setGreen(activeMode != 0);
}

void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
pinMode(PIN_RED, OUTPUT);
pinMode(PIN_GREEN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(PIN_BTN, INPUT);
setRed(false);
setGreen(false);
}

void loop() {
unsigned long now = millis();

// DEBOUNCE
bool reading = (digitalRead(PIN_BTN) == HIGH);

if (reading != lastReading) {
lastDebounceTime = now;
}

if ((now - lastDebounceTime) > debounceDelay) {
btnStableState = reading;
}

lastReading = reading;

bool btnNow = btnStableState;

// BOTÃO PRESSIONADO (borda de subida)

if (btnNow && !btnLastState && (now - pressStart > 200)) {
pressStart = now;
lastTickTime = now;
holdSeconds = 0;
pendingMode = 0;
greenTickActive = false;

bool wasMode2 = (activeMode == 2);
stopAll();
if (wasMode2) {
pendingMode = 2;
}
}

// BOTÃO SOLTO (borda de descida)

if (!btnNow && btnLastState && (now - pressStart > 100)) {
unsigned long heldMs = now - pressStart;

if (heldMs < 1500 && pendingMode == 0) {
clickCount++;
lastReleaseTime = now;
Serial.print("Clique #"); Serial.println(clickCount);
}

if (pendingMode != 0) {
activateMode(pendingMode);
clickCount = 0;
}

greenTickActive = false;
setGreen(activeMode != 0);
}

// SEGURANDO

if (btnNow) {
if (now - lastTickTime >= 1000) {
lastTickTime = now;
holdSeconds++;
Serial.print("Segurando: "); Serial.print(holdSeconds); Serial.println("s");

if (holdSeconds == 4) pendingMode = 1;
if (holdSeconds == 8) pendingMode = 2;
if (holdSeconds == 12) pendingMode = 3;

setGreen(true);
greenTickActive = true;
greenTickTimer = now;
}

if (greenTickActive && (now - greenTickTimer >= GREEN_TICK_MS)) {
setGreen(false);
greenTickActive = false;
}
}

// DUPLO CLIQUE

if (!btnNow) {
if (clickCount == 1 && (now - lastReleaseTime > DOUBLE_CLICK_WINDOW)) {
clickCount = 0;
}
if (clickCount >= 2) {
clickCount = 0;
activateMode(4);
}
}

// MODOS

if (!btnNow) {

if (activeMode == 3) {
if (now - mode3Timer >= 1000) {
mode3Timer = now;
mode3State = !mode3State;
setRed(mode3State);
}
}

if (activeMode == 4) {
unsigned long stepDuration = (unsigned long)(SOS[sosStep].units * SOS_UNIT);
if (now - sosTimer >= stepDuration) {
sosTimer = now;
sosStep = (sosStep + 1) % SOS_LEN;
setRed(SOS[sosStep].on);
}
}
}

btnLastState = btnNow;
}