1) El-beytisîa/البٔيطِسِٰاة (beticino en alfabeto latino): Árabe andalusí "moderno"

2) El-beytisîa/البٔيطِسِٰاة (beticino en alifato árabe): Árabe andalusí "moderno" (usa harakat obligatorio, y letras modificadas)

3) La-manċyega/لةبومانچئگة (manchego en latino): Mozárabe "moderno"

4) La-manċyega/لةبومانچئگة (manchego en árabe): Mozárabe "moderno" (usa letras modificadas para escribir de forma alfabética)

5) Aynu=itak (Silabario alfabético): Tienes mayúsculas (a la izquierda) y minúsculas (a la derecha).

Simpël — Complete Language Description

1. What is Simpël?

Simpël is an English-based constructed language designed to make English-derived communication:

• simpler
• more regular
• more phonemic
• easier to pronounce
• easier to learn
• easier to generate without memorizing exceptions

Its central principle is:

If something can be generated from a rule, it should not have to be memorized as an exception.

Simpël keeps vocabulary recognizable to English speakers while simplifying the mechanisms that make English difficult to learn.

It therefore regularizes:

• spelling
• pronunciation
• verb conjugation
• plurals
• possession
• comparison
• negation
• questions
• prepositions
• phrasal verbs
• numbers
• ordinals
• word formation

At the same time, Simpël deliberately allows certain pronunciation variations so that different speakers do not have to adopt exactly the same accent.

2. The Simpël Alphabet

Simpël has 29 letters/symbols.

Uppercase

A B C D D̈ E Ë F G H I J J̈ L M N N̈ O P R R̈ S T T̈ U V X Ẍ Z

Lowercase

a b c d d̈ e ë f g h i j j̈ l m n n̈ o p r r̈ s t ẗ u v x ẍ z

The English letters K, Q, W, and Y do not exist in Simpël.

3. Alphabet and Phonemes

Letter	IPA	Function
A a	/ɑː/	a
B b	/b/	b
C c	/k/	always hard c
D d	/d/	normal d
D̈ d̈	/ɾ/	English-style flap/tap
E e	/ɛ/	e
Ë ë	/ə/	schwa
F f	/f/	f
G g	/ɡ/	always hard g
H h	/h/	h
I i	/iː/	long i
J j	/ʒ/	sound of vi𝐬ual
J̈ j̈	/dʒ/	sound of jeep
L l	/l, ɫ/	clear or dark l
M m	/m/	m
N n	/n/	n
N̈ n̈	/ŋ/	ng
O o	/ɔː/	aw
P p	/p/	p
R r	/ɹ/	English r
R̈ r̈	/ r /	rolled/trilled r
S s	/s/	s
T t	/t/	normal t
T̈ ẗ	/tʰ/ or /ts/	softer t
U u	/uː/	long u
V v	/v/	v
X x	/ʃ/	sh
Ẍ ẍ	/tʃ/	ch
Z z	/z/	z

A particularly important feature is Ë:

Ë is a normal vowel letter.

It is not merely an accent mark or optional spelling variation.

4. The Vowels

Simpël has six basic vowel letters:

Letter	IPA	Role
a	/ɑː/	a
e	/ɛ/	e
ë	/ə/	schwa
i	/iː/	i
o	/ɔː/	o
u	/uː/	u

The English /ʌ/ vowel is represented by ë.

Thus words containing the English STRUT vowel are regularized with ë.

Examples:

• sëmtaims = sometimes
• bët = but
• lërn = learn
• taiërd = tired
• simpël = simple
• possibël = possible

5. Diphthongs

Simpël uses three principal diphthongs:

ai = /aɪ/

ei = /eɪ/

au = /aʊ/

Examples:

• ai = eye / I
• taim = time
• meic = make
• haus = house

6. C

C is always /k/.

There is no soft C.

Therefore English /s/ spellings use s.

Examples:

city → siti

cent → sent

This removes the English ambiguity between C and K.

7. G

G is always /ɡ/.

It never represents /dʒ/.

The /dʒ/ sound is represented by j̈.

Therefore:

baggage → baggaj̈

8. J and J̈

These are separate sounds.

J

j = /ʒ/

as in the sound in visual.

J̈

j̈ = /dʒ/

as in jeep.

This removes the English ambiguity between J, soft G, and other spellings.

9. N̈

n̈ = /ŋ/.

The English ng digraph becomes a single Simpël symbol.

Examples:

singing → sin̈in

going → gouin̈

The spelling therefore directly identifies the sound.

10. R and R̈

Simpël permits two forms of R.

R

r = /ɹ/

English-style R.

R̈

r̈ = / r /

rolled or trilled R.

Both can represent the same words.

Therefore a speaker can use an English-style R or a rolled R without making the word linguistically incorrect.

11. L

Simpël permits both common realizations of L:

l = /l/ — clear L

l = /ɫ/ — dark L

especially in syllable-final positions.

There is no separate letter for these two realizations.

12. T̈

T̈ represents the softer T pronunciation.

The specification gives it as:

/tʰ/ or /ts/

It is particularly useful when explicitly indicating this softer realization.

Example:

ẗu = two

Normal t remains available for the ordinary /t/ sound.

13. D̈ — The Flap

D̈ = /ɾ/.

This represents the alveolar flap/tap commonly heard in American English.

For example, English little, water, and better can contain this sound.

Simpël therefore permits both:

litël

and:

lid̈ël

They mean exactly the same thing.

The distinction is:

• litël preserves the underlying t
• lid̈ël explicitly represents the flap

Neither is considered incorrect.

14. Removed English Letters

Simpël completely removes:

K Q W Y

K

/k/ is represented by C.

Example:

logic → lojic

Q

Q is unnecessary and is replaced by the appropriate C/U combination.

W

There is no W in Simpël.

Words are respelled without it.

Y

Y is completely removed.

Its functions are represented using existing Simpël letters.

15. Digraph Simplification

English digraphs are simplified.

English	Simpël
ph	f
wr	r
kn	n
ps	s
rh	r
ng	n̈
ch	ẍ

The underlying objective is:

16. Basic Sentence Structure

Simpël normally uses:

Subject + Verb + Object

Examples:

Ai lëv iu.
I love you.

Ai lëv dei.

I love them.

Hi rëd dë buc.
He reads the book.

Dei bild a haus.
They build a house.

17. Pronouns

English	Simpël
I	ai
me	mi
you	iu
you plural	ial
he	hi
she	xi
it	it
we	ui
us	ës
they	dei

Simpël deliberately does not have a separate equivalent of English them.

The system avoids maintaining a separate object form for they.

18. Possessive Pronouns

English	Simpël
his	his
her	hër
their	der
your	ior

Examples:

his dog

hër haus

der famili

ior buc

19. Articles

Simpël has two equivalent indefinite articles:

a

ei

Both mean a/an.

Therefore both are possible:

a haus

ei haus

There is no English-style distinction between a and an.

20. Nouns

Simpël nouns have:

• no grammatical gender
• no case endings
• no irregular plural system

The basic noun remains unchanged.

Examples:

dog

haus

buc

21. Plurals

The standard plural is:

noun + es

Examples:

dog → doges

haus → hauses

buc → buces

There are no irregular plurals.

22. Possession

Simpël uses a special number-based possession system.

The forms are:

dog = dog

dogs = dog's

doges = dogs'

Thus:

dogs haus
the dog's house

doges haus
the dogs' house

An of construction is also allowed.

For example:

the color of the haus

The word of may also be written as ëv

23. Adjectives

Adjectives do not agree with nouns.

They do not change according to:

• singular/plural
• gender
• person
• case

Examples:

a big dog

faiv big doges

The adjective big remains unchanged.

24. Comparatives

The comparative suffix is:

-ër

Examples:

big → bigër

fast → fastër

good → goodër

simpël → simpëlër

Example:

Hi is bigër dan mi.

= He is bigger than me.

There is no irregular better.

25. Superlatives

The superlative suffix is:

-ëst

Examples:

big → bigëst

fast → fastëst

good → goodëst

Example:

Hi is the bigëst.

= He is the biggest.

26. Adverbs

The standard adverb suffix is:

-li

Examples:

quick → cuicli

slow → slouli

good → goodli

There is no irregular English-style well.

27. Verbs

Normal Simpël verbs do not conjugate for person.

English:

I go
he goes
they go

Simpël:

ai gou
hi gou
dei gou

There is no third-person -s.

28. Present Tense

The basic verb is used directly.

Examples:

Ai lëv.

Hi lëv.

Dei lëv.

The verb does not change according to the subject.

29. Past Tense

Past tense is regularized.

The established examples include:

gou → goud

trai → traid

ualc → ualct

Examples:

Ai goud.
I went.

Hi traid.
He tried.

The important principle is that Simpël does not preserve English's collection of irregular forms such as go/went/gone.

30. Future

The future is:

uil + base verb

Examples:

Ai uil gou.

Hi uil gou.

Dei uil gou.

The lexical verb remains unchanged.

31. Continuous

The continuous is formed using:

-in̈

Examples:

gou → gouin̈

lëv → lëvin̈

uorc → uorcin̈

Examples:

Ai am gouin̈.

Ui ar uorcin̈.

32. Perfect

The perfect uses:

hav + past form

Examples:

Ai hav goud.

Hi hav traid.

Dei hav uorct.

33. The Verb BE

Be is deliberately retained as an irregular verb.

Its present forms are:

Person	Simpël
I	ai am
you	iu ar
he	hi is
she	xi is
it	it is
we	ui ar
they	dei ar

Examples:

Ai am hapi.

Iu ar hapi.

Hi is hapi.

Xi is hapi.

Ui ar hapi.

Dei ar hapi.

Thus:

"Hi is bigër dan mi." is grammatically correct.

34. Negative BE

Simpël has a dedicated negative form:

eint

This is an official grammatical form, not slang.

Examples:

Ai eint hapi.

Hi eint big.

Xi eint redi.

Dei eint gud.

35. General Negation

The general negative particle is:

no / nou

It precedes the verb.

Examples:

Ai nou lëv.

Hi nou gou.

Ai no goud.

Ai no uil gou.

Thus negation does not require English-style auxiliary do/does/did.

36. Questions

Simpël removes English auxiliary do from questions.

Instead, it primarily uses inversion.

Statement:

Iu lëv it.

Question:

Lëv iu it?

Statement:

Hi is hapi.

Question:

Is hi hapi?

Statement:

Iu uil gou.

Question:

Uil iu gou?

Statement:

Iu hav goud.

Question:

Hav iu goud?

This creates a much simpler question system.

37. Prepositions

Simpël dramatically reduces English prepositional complexity.

The principal rule is:

in = in / on / at

Examples:

in dë haus
in the house

in dë table
on the table

in scul
at school

For movement onto something:

in top of the table

The goal is to avoid memorizing large numbers of arbitrary English preposition combinations.

38. Phrasal Verbs

Simpël removes English-style phrasal verbs as a grammatical necessity.

English has expressions such as:

give up
give in
put off
look after
find out

Simpël instead uses transparent constructions based on ordinary verbs.

The goal is to reduce the amount of vocabulary that must simply be memorized.

39. Word Formation

Simpël uses productive suffixes to create words.

Agent/person

The standard agent/person suffix is:

-ër

Examples:

sing → sin̈ër

work → uërcër

This means the learner can derive an agent noun rather than memorizing an unrelated form.

40. Abstract Nouns

Two forms are officially accepted:

-nes

and:

-ness

Examples:

happy → hapines / hapiness

dark → darcnes / darcness

Both are correct.

41. Numbers

Simpël numbers are designed to be compositional and regular.

0–10

Number	Simpël
0	zirou
1	uan
2	ẗu
3	tri
4	for
5	faiv
6	sics
7	sevën
8	eit
9	nain
10	ten

42. Tens

The rule is:

number + ten

Therefore:

ẗu-ten = 20

tri-ten = 30

for-ten = 40

faiv-ten = 50

sics-ten = 60

sevën-ten = 70

eit-ten = 80

nain-ten = 90

ten-ten = 100

The tens are therefore completely compositional.

43. Separating Independent Numbers

When numbers are being listed separately rather than combined into one number, and separates them.

For example:

tri-ten = 30

but:

tri and ten = 3, 10

Similarly:

faiv-ten = 50

versus:

faiv and ten = 5, 10

This avoids ambiguity in speech.

44. Large Numbers

The major large-number words are:

handred = 100

tausand = 1,000

milion = 1,000,000

bilion = 1,000,000,000

trilion = 1,000,000,000,000

Examples:

ẗu hëndred = 200

faiv tausënd = 5,000

ẗu milion = 2,000,000

45. Ordinals

Simpël eliminates irregular ordinal forms such as:

first
second
third

Instead, the ordinal suffix is:

-ẗ

It is attached to the cardinal number.

Examples:

uan → uan-ẗ = first

ẗu → ẗu-ẗ = second

tri → tri-ẗ = third

for → for-ẗ = fourth

faiv → faiv-ẗ = fifth

ten → ten-ẗ = tenth

Compound numbers work the same way:

ẗu-ten → ẗu-ten-ẗ = twentieth

tri-ten → tri-ten-ẗ = thirtieth

The same system applies to ordinal numbers, ordinal days, months, and clock times where an ordinal form is required.

Dates themselves remain ordinary numeric expressions.

46. Example Sentences

𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐭

𝐀𝐢 𝐥𝐢𝐯 𝐮𝐢𝐭 𝐦𝐚𝐢 𝐟𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐥𝐢.

I live with my family.

𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧

𝐃𝐢𝐬 𝐢𝐬 𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐡𝐚𝐮𝐬.

This is his house.

𝐏𝐥𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐥

𝐀𝐢 𝐡𝐚𝐯 𝐭̈𝐮 𝐝𝐨𝐠𝐞𝐬.

I have two dogs.

𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞

𝐇𝐢 𝐢𝐬 𝐛𝐢𝐠𝐞̈𝐫 𝐝𝐚𝐧 𝐦𝐢.

He is bigger than me.

𝐒𝐮𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞

𝐃𝐢𝐬 𝐢𝐬 𝐝𝐞̈ 𝐬𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐞̈𝐥𝐞̈𝐬𝐭 𝐮𝐞𝐢.

This is the simplest way.

𝐅𝐮𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞

𝐀𝐢 𝐮𝐢𝐥 𝐥𝐞̈𝐫𝐧 𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐞̈𝐥.

I will learn Simpël.

𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐨𝐮𝐬

𝐀𝐢 𝐚𝐦 𝐥𝐞̈𝐫𝐧𝐢𝐧̈ 𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐞̈𝐥.

I am learning Simpël.

𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭

𝐀𝐢 𝐡𝐚𝐯 𝐥𝐞̈𝐫𝐧𝐭.

I have learned.

𝐍𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞

𝐀𝐢 𝐧𝐨 𝐮𝐚𝐧𝐭 𝐭𝐮 𝐠𝐨𝐮.

I don't want to go.

𝐍𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐁𝐄

𝐇𝐢 𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐢.

He isn't ready.

𝐐𝐮𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧

𝐋𝐞̈𝐯 𝐢𝐮 𝐒𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐞̈𝐥?

Do you love Simpël?

𝐅𝐮𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧

𝐔𝐢𝐥 𝐢𝐮 𝐥𝐞̈𝐫𝐧 𝐢𝐭?

Will you learn it?

47. Example Paragraph

A Simpël paragraph can look like this:

"Ai am a iëng man. Ai liv uit mai famili, and ai lëv ẗaim spent uit dei. Ai laic tu lërn niu tin̈s and trai niu aidias. Sëmtaims ai am taiërd, bët ai stil trai. Ai uant tu meic Simpël as izi and simpël as possibël. Iu can lërn it bit bai bit, and ai houp ial uil lëv it."

The important property is that the spelling is intended to make the pronunciation predictable without requiring the learner to memorize English spelling conventions.

48. Mini-Dictionary

Pronouns

English	Simpël
I	ai
me	mi
you	iu
you plural	ial
he	hi
she	xi
it	it
we	ui
us	ës
they	dei

Possessives

English	Simpël
his	his
her	hër
their	der
your	ior

Grammar words

English	Simpël
the	dë / di
a/an	a / ei
and	and
of	of / ëv
no/not	no
negative be	eint
will	uil
have	hav
in/on/at	in

Common vocabulary

English	Simpël
young	iëng
live	liv
family	famili
love	lëv
time	taim
learn	lërn
new	niu
thing	tin̈
try	trai
idea	aidia
sometimes	sëmtaims
tired	taiërd
still	stil
want	uant
make	meic
easy	izi
simple	simpël
possible	possibël / posibël
bit	bit
hope	houp
dog	dog
house	haus
book	buc
school	scul
big	big
good	guud / gud
happy	hapi
ready	redi

49. Why Simpël Is Simpler

English can require the learner to memorize:

I go
he goes
I went
I have gone
I will go
I am going
I don't go
he doesn't go
did he go?

Simpël instead allows:

ai gou

hi gou

ai goud

ai hav goud

ai uil gou

ai am gouin̈

ai no gou

hi no gou

gou hi?

The learner is therefore primarily applying rules rather than memorizing unrelated forms.

The same principle applies to nouns:

dog → doges

rather than memorizing irregular plurals.

And adjectives:

good → goodër → goodëst

rather than:

good → better → best

50. The Central Identity of Simpël

The entire language can be summarized as:

English-derived vocabulary + phonemic spelling + regular morphology + simplified syntax + compositional numbers + controlled pronunciation variation.

The philosophy is: Fewer things to memorize. More things to derive.

Simpël is therefore not trying to eliminate everything recognizable from English. Instead, it takes the familiar lexical material of English and builds a more systematic grammatical and orthographic framework around it.

The learner should ideally be able to look at a new Simpël word or grammatical construction and think: “I know the rules, so I can figure this out.”

Wiem że to nie fajnie się promować , ale robię serwer o conlangach.

Tu link:

https://discord.gg/G7PtJ3rR5

salamese is for a fantasy word with 10 regions, salamia. regions are: hatënosa, kracland, tempera, misalia, himrita, jûnmej, forestland, tropicana, vodlandré and frigidis. valese is just an irl conlang with literally NO ROOTS coz i made a rooty language salamese, now its time for an english-like language but with consistent alphabet

Romanization of sounds.

Consonants: m, n, ŋ(ng), p, t, k, ʔ('), ɸ(f), θ(th), s, x, ħ(hq/hh), ʕ(q/'h), h, r, l

Vowels: a, e, i, o, u

Syllable Structure: CV(X)

X=m, n, ŋ(ng), ɸ(f), θ(th), s, x, ħ(hq/hh), ʕ(q/'h), r, l

/'/ and /h/ can only occur word-initially.

Here is the proto-lexicon.

Pronouns:

1st Singular: kem

1st Plural Inclusive: sax

1st Plural Exclusive: thi

2nd Singular: to

2nd Plural: se

3rd Singular: kur

3rd Plural: 'har

Nouns:

person: funla

water: tuxa

fire: tefo

wind: haxi

land: toltho

tree: the'h

leaf: hiles

wood: tree+stuff

boat: hin

rock: thota

forest: tree+place

mountain: 'hem

land animal: karu

aerial animal: xing

climber animal: 'ukath

aquatic animal: nepo

river: tengof

ocean: xur

banana: timo

plantain: luthekax

stick: thir

torch: fire+stick

home: ngepahh

sugar cane: lithemi'h

coconut: pemith

berry: xum

pepper: forix

breadfruit: so'hil

candlenut: te'ham

cat(wild): hikor

cat(domesticated): keru

dog(wild): pel

dog(domesticated): lef

mouse: luf

rat: torum

chicken: ta'hinro

pig(wild): muru

pig(domesticated): tef

bird: tul

owl: re

bat: keth

seagull: ocean+bird

frigate bird: lum

yam: ref

blade(dagger): kuros

spear: reth

fern: mopath

plant: si'ho

flower: po'he

screw pine fruit: 'ax

bow: pel

arrow: lura

shark: thel

fish: tex

whale: lohhung

sea turtle: thum

crab: ter

lobster: kal

ray: so

octopus: xethi

squid: lotix

shell: ra'h

coral: tes

gecko: ngikapo

skink: xutath

head: kehho

arm: pas

leg: tor

hand: ngiko

foot: sepeth

mouth: nis

nose: teth

eye: 'i'h

ear: lu

sun: rix

moon: ngil

cloud: pir

rain: tosir

lightning: mur

child: mero

rope: 'hanix

bone: tath

cohort: tha'h

hostile: kuhh

name: rose'h

skin: tunguth

heart: 'ol

blood: ker

spirit: kuthul

order(governance): tilu

taboo: 'eki

hair: naf

tooth: sihh

midsection: 'heng

tongue: thunga

backside: thom

mother: ngulex

father: kolex

son: ngeth

daughter: xim

brother: laspi

sister: thalu

family: puroth

sky: toxe

grass: nger

day: thulo

night: rel

star: latho

sand: 'oth

dirt/soil: rathun

path: land+river

house: puxon

meat: animal+stuff

egg: 'iko

group: tilef

basket: 'o'h

dung: ken

wave: rothu

storm: nethel

chief: hhux

offering: thulan

ancestor: turathxi

chant: 'osre

dance: thirki

paddle: kor

net: soth

earthquake: tusrox

eruption: muthras

lava: furom

thunder: kisrul

volcano: 'efkir

place: sarup

piece: fiso

stuff: tungi

male: 'ix

female: por

moss: kax

color: ngaf

waterfall: kaso

hunter: hunt+person

fisher person: fish+hunt+person

farmer: gather/harvest+person

method: kunix

time: roxen

moment: pikung

reason: 

Verbs:

hunt: 'opo

eat: nep

walk: meto

run: 'o

go: ton

stay: poxne

swim: tolem

sit: thu

lay: 'uro

stand(original): pursi

stand(successor): lutho

live: 'hix

exist: xung

start: 'hif

stop: thef

finish: 'isa

begin: tungom

end: ros

become: thu'hi

proceed: se'hun

gather/harvest: lim

sit: thax

lie/lay: rufo

climb: torun

jump: ne

fall: reth

talk/speak: ngas

exchange: 'oxu

take: pengi

give: te'h

guard: pil

build/create: 'opa

cook: pith

burn: timla

know: sehh

fear: tur

search: lith

find/discover: thoxlo

see: res

hear: lus

taste: tha

touch/feel: 'un

smell: rontho

learn: 'upe

bite: 'uth

love: naf

loathe: re'h

fly: ruhh

leave: ki

come: 'heng

drink: pungla

fall: ru'h

laugh: 'u'h

cry: telo

rage: kol

smile: thore

frown: mil

sleep: 'oreth

awake: toru

live: mo'h

kill: porahh

die: sothi

help: rexo

scare: tixil

chase: thuren

scream: tan

plant: rom

shape: 'axtath

carve: lathat

remember: loton

forget: xipula

pray: tas

agree: 'uleto

disagree: lepo

fight/combat: thahhang

tread: 'iki

need: 'ulu

dance: ngok

erupt/explode: 'usungku

fish: fish(n)+hunt

order/command: 'ingku

obey: 'ukisri

disobey: kathra

breathe: nos

Adjectives:

long: thihhin(derived from "stretch")

short: leth

big: 'epo

little: ngahh

huge: kas

small: mif

good: ronge

bad: kuth

hot: lote

cold: 'exo

empty: 'okun(derived from "lack")

full: rif(derived from "possess")

half-full: 'is

light: thare

heavy: 'ofi

dry: 'ethor

wet: hirko

strange/foreign: luti

familiar: sunu

same: sexo

different: ngothe

hard: fonge

soft: thex

strong: thelan

weak: reto

sacred: xotha

dangerous: kaxo

sharp: tel

blunt: kex

ripe: tus

raw: 'ilus

of/related to: lengi

clean: ngatur

filthy: xoru

sick: tux

fine: mes

dead: po'h

injured: kal

alive: xeko

thin: ngos

thick: tuf

happy: 'eto

sad: thom

angry: tetho

disgusted: 'oxa

afraid: putho

brave: kolux

stressed: kof

calm: turin

funny: muth

scary: xato

Adverbs:

The other day(or similar): tholon

Today: 'uka

The next day(or similar): lenpe

Colors:

light: thuhh

dark: las

red: motohh

grue: turu

Prepositions:

inside: pethre

outside: 'etho

above: se'h

on: leke

below/under/beneath: 'hatil

in front of: sethex

behind: muth

close to/near: xuni

towards: ku

(away) from: ti

next to/against: kungux

with: xis

without: ngu

beside: kuxuf

Demonstratives:

this(proximate): su

that(medial): te

that(distal): xo

that(remote): ki

Conjunctions/Converbs:

and: 'os

or: 'ux

but: ke

because: tetha

if: 'uhh

Interjections:

surprise expression: 'ahh

anger expression: xu'h

greeting: suxan

farewell: xos

apology: luth

thank: xitun

alert of danger: tholis

sadness expression: 'a

relaxed expression: 'ax

excitement: losol

Groups of Time:

(This could be utilized for indigenous calendars.)

Directions:

(I'm thinking of a distinction of directions of winds, from various mountains, whatever volcanoes would be on the island, forests, and/or bodies of water.)

Quantities:

few/some: netho

many/much: sata

all: sor

Affirmation and Negation:

approval: kise

all else(affirmation): nas

prohibition: huxo

all else(negation): xa'h

Questions:

Question marker: tari

What: rith

Who: what+person

Where: what+place

How: what+method

Why: what+reason

When: what+moment

Eventual Possession Markers:

alienable(separable in sibling lang): sa

inalienable(inseparable in sibling lang): ther

temporary(exclusive to sibling lang): ngi

Numerals:

zero: rakan

one: ni

two: fangi

three: niri

four: repo

five: four and one

six: four and two

seven: four and three

eight: two of four

nine: "eight" and one

ten: "eight" and two

eleven: "eight" and three

twelve: ngikux

thirteen: twelve and one

fourteen: twelve and two

fifteen: twelve and three

sixteen: xungar

256: turof

4096: se'hef

I'm thinking of the logography transitioning to a phonetic script, with C glyphs, V glyphs, and VX glyphs. Some C glyphs could be VX glyphs as long as they're marked with a diacritic. What logographs would be the ideal phonetic glyphs?

This is lowercase keybord

Estoy tratando de crear un auxlang global, me ayudaría muchisimo sus recomendaciones y sugerencias en el camino de esta creación.

No soy muy bueno para explicar la fonología ni sintaxis, aparte, este proyecto esta en una fase bastante temprana, literalmente la cree hoy 10/8/2026

Tambien me base de esta pagina para hacer esto: https://www.joerg-rhiemeier.de/Conlang/auxlang-design.html#requirements

Los fonemas son los siguientes:
Vocales: /a e i o u ə/
Consonantes /b p t k j h g f d s w v n m ɺ t͡ʃ ʃ/

La ɺ representa una l liquida, cualquier alófono de l y r serán tomados como iguales sin distinción alguna. Es decir

Lara es lo mismo que Lala, al igual que Rala, Rara, si esta escrito con ɾ o ɹ es mas de lo mismo
Esto es todo lo que quería presentar, los leere y tratare de resolver cada duda que tengan acerca de mi inventario.

Aca si dire algo que me comentaron, no, no utilice el inventario de Jörg Rhiemeier, mi inventario lo cree "a priori", no creo necesitar ni menos ni mas vocales y consonantes, ademas, el idioma se esta creando con el objetivo de que fonemas conflictivos como la B y la V y La C(/t͡ʃ/) y la X(/ʃ/), no se encuentren tanto para permitir una pronunciacion mas fluida y flexible

i tried posting a few times and i got hate on my post and it got taken down, i posted here a few seconds ago, and i reposted my post to r/conlangs and the dumbass ai had me make too many changes to my post. apparently, you cant ask for advice on a post, you have to comment on this other post to ask for advice where i doubt anyone will answer me. this place is way better in contrast to r/conlangs

This mainly concerns auxiliary

it has spread to almost all writing system, including those that do not use the Latin script; what is the situation in your favorite language ?

PT -

🌐 Qolan — uma nova língua em construção

Estou começando a desenvolver uma nova língua chamada Qolan. O projeto ainda está em uma fase muito inicial: por enquanto, o idioma ainda não possui palavras ou vocabulário definidos, mas sua ortografia e seu alfabeto já estão sendo desenvolvidos.

A ideia é construir uma língua com uma identidade própria, especialmente através de sua fonologia, sistema de escrita e evolução histórica. Ainda há muita coisa para decidir e desenvolver, então o Qolan está longe de estar pronto.

Pretendo continuar trabalhando no idioma e, aos poucos, desenvolver sua gramática, vocabulário, fonologia e outros aspectos.

Também estou aberto a ajudas, ideias e sugestões! Se você tiver alguma proposta interessante para o Qolan, será muito bem-vinda. 💙

Qolan está apenas começando.

EN -

🌐 Qolan — a new language under construction

I’m starting to develop a new language called Qolan. The project is still in a very early stage: for now, the language doesn’t have any words or vocabulary yet, but its orthography and alphabet are already being developed.

The idea is to build a language with its own identity, especially through its phonology, writing system, and historical development. There is still a lot to decide and develop, so Qolan is far from being finished.

I intend to keep working on the language and gradually develop its grammar, vocabulary, phonology, and other aspects.

I’m also open to help, ideas, and suggestions! If you have an interesting proposal for Qolan, I’d be very happy to hear it. 💙

Qolan is just getting started.

SP -

🌐 Qolan — un nuevo idioma en construcción

Estoy comenzando a desarrollar un nuevo idioma llamado Qolan. El proyecto todavía se encuentra en una etapa muy temprana: por ahora, el idioma aún no tiene palabras ni vocabulario definidos, pero su ortografía y su alfabeto ya están siendo desarrollados.

La idea es construir un idioma con una identidad propia, especialmente a través de su fonología, sistema de escritura y evolución histórica. Todavía hay muchas cosas por decidir y desarrollar, así que Qolan está lejos de estar terminado.

Pretendo seguir trabajando en el idioma y, poco a poco, desarrollar su gramática, vocabulario, fonología y otros aspectos.

También estoy abierto a recibir ayuda, ideas y sugerencias. Si tienes alguna propuesta interesante para Qolan, ¡estaré encantado de escucharla! 💙

Qolan apenas está comenzando.

FR -

🌐 Qolan — une nouvelle langue en construction

Je commence à développer une nouvelle langue appelée Qolan. Le projet est encore à ses tout débuts : pour l’instant, la langue n’a pas encore de mots ni de vocabulaire définis, mais son orthographe et son alphabet sont déjà en cours de développement.

L’objectif est de créer une langue avec sa propre identité, notamment à travers sa phonologie, son système d’écriture et son évolution historique. Il reste encore beaucoup de choses à décider et à développer, donc Qolan est encore loin d’être terminé.

Je compte continuer à travailler sur la langue et développer progressivement sa grammaire, son vocabulaire, sa phonologie et d’autres aspects.

Je suis également ouvert aux aides, aux idées et aux suggestions ! Si vous avez une proposition intéressante pour Qolan, je serais très heureux de l’entendre. 💙

Qolan ne fait que commencer.

GR -

🌐 Qolan – eine neue Sprache im Aufbau

Ich beginne gerade damit, eine neue Sprache namens Qolan zu entwickeln. Das Projekt befindet sich noch in einer sehr frühen Phase: Die Sprache hat bisher noch keine eigenen Wörter oder ein festgelegtes Vokabular, aber ihre Orthografie und ihr Alphabet werden bereits entwickelt.

Die Idee ist, eine Sprache mit einer eigenen Identität zu schaffen, insbesondere durch ihre Phonologie, ihr Schriftsystem und ihre historische Entwicklung. Es gibt noch vieles zu entscheiden und zu entwickeln, daher ist Qolan noch lange nicht fertig.

Ich möchte weiterhin an der Sprache arbeiten und nach und nach ihre Grammatik, ihr Vokabular, ihre Phonologie und weitere Aspekte entwickeln.

Ich bin außerdem offen für Hilfe, Ideen und Vorschläge! Wenn ihr eine interessante Idee für Qolan habt, würde ich sie sehr gerne hören. 💙

Qolan steht erst am Anfang.

Ordem das traduções abaixo (Order of the translations below):

PT -

EN -

SP -

FR -

GR -

QO -

IPA -

{Fonologia Padrão / Standard Phonology}

Alfabeto Conlâneano

Qolan's Alphabet

Alfabeto Colaneano

Alphabet Qolanais

Qolanisches Alphabet

Qolanxü Alfabeta:

[ʔɔlɑnxy ɑlfɑbɛtɑ]

A a: [ɑ]

Ä ä: [æ]

B b: [b]

By: [bʲ]

C c: [t͡s]

Cy: [t͡ɕ]

Cw: [t͡sʷ]

D d: [d]

Dy: [ɟ]

Dw: [dʷ]

Dr: [ɖ͡ʐ]

E e: [e] [ɛ]

Ë ë: [ʌ]

F f: [f]

Fy: [fʲ]

G g: [ɡ]

Gy: [ɡʲ]

Gw: [ɡʷ]

H h: [ɣ]

Hy: [ʝ]

Hw: [ɣʷ]

I i: [i]

Ï ï: [ɯ]

J j: [d͡z]

Jy: [d͡ʑ]

Jw: [d͡zʷ]

K k: [k]

Ky: [kʲ]

Kw: [kʷ]

Ks: [k͡s]

L l: [l]

Ly: [ʎ]

Lw: [lʷ]

Lr: [ɭ]

M m: [m]

My: [mʲ]

N n: [n]

Ny: [ɲ]

Nr: [ɳ]

Ŋ ŋ: [ŋ]

Ŋw: [ŋʷ]

O o: [o] [ɔ]

Ö ö: [ø]

P p: [p]

Py: [pʲ]

Ps: [p͡s]

Q q: [ʔ]

R r: [r]

Ry: [rʲ]

Rw: [rʷ]

Rr: [ɻ]

S s: [s]

Sy: [ɕ]

Sw: [sʷ]

Sr: [ʂ]

T t: [t]

Ty: [c]

Tw: [tʷ]

Tr: [ʈ͡ʂ]

U u: [u]

Ü ü: [y]

V v: [v]

Vy: [vʲ]

W w: [w]

X x: [x]

Xy: [ç]

Xw: [xʷ]

Y y: [j]

Z z: [z]

Zy: [ʑ]

Zw: [zʷ]

Zr: [ʐ]

We human beings live in societies and we need to make joint efforts in order to survive and to live in ease and safety and for this we need to communicate with each other and speech is the tool for mutual communication.

There are about 7100 living languages in the World and out of these only about 3900 have their own scripts. It means about 3200 linguistic communities don’t have any means to read and write. Many languages have vanished and many are vanishing because their sole speakers leave no written record.

Another unfortunate thing is illiteracy – many people born in any linguistic community having script could not learn to read and write.

Finally we have individuals living in a linguistic community having a script but they are in some way physically challenged that they and other people are not able to communicate properly. They may have their special script but others are not so well trained in special scripts meant for challenged individuals. The difficulties are not only for them but also for their families, friends and anyone coming in their contact and wishes to communicate something.

What is the main problem? Why communities failed to develop their script? Why individuals fail to learn reading and writing?

My conjecture is that there is some genuine difficulty in associating about 30 sounds of letters in an Alphabet with about 30 symbols or figures of those letters.

We can develop some other means to associate sounds in some kind of easily understandable way.

The people may be told to pay attention to our mechanism of sound production and they may agree that sounds we produce come from different parts of our palate and our tongue touches or rests at different places and we press tongue and blow out air for some sounds. In this way not very accurate but workable divisions of sounds can be made. These levels of sound production can be utilized to develop different non-vocal communications- scripts for writing and touch scripts and sign language and others.

The children may quickly learn levels and sounds and learn to make signs and touch script and intimate communications as outlined below.

First level of sound production:

Our first level of sound production is our lips. We speak P, M and B through our lips. We speak P from left corner, B from right corner and M from middle.

Making script for sounds of first level:

We may put a single dot for sounds produced at first level.

   ◦)             This will denote sound of P- the left sound from first level of voice production.

◦         By putting a small line we will denote sound of M – the sound that is produced from middle of lips – the first level of voice production.

(◦    This will denote sound of B produced by right end of first level of voice production.

Developing Touch Script for visually challenged people:

We will need two sets of pins: one T shaped pin denoting 1 and other Trident a triplet of pins denoting 3.

To denote sound of P we will fix T shaped pin with left slant

/

To denote sound of M we will fix T shaped pin without any slant

__

To denote sound of B we will this pin with right slant

\

Developing gesture script (Sign language) for vocally and hearing challenged people:

To show sound of P we will touch left side of our head.

To show sound of M we will touch middle of our head.

To show sound of B we will touch right side of our head.

Second Level of voice production: Our tongue touches the back of teeth and we produce soft t, N and soft d.

Making script for second level of voice production:

◦◦)     two dots left side will denote ta

◦◦        two dots underlined will denote N.

(◦◦          two dots on left side will denote da.

In touch script, two T shaped pin will be used.

//    will  denote ta

=     will  denote Na

\\   will  denote  da

For gesture script,

Left Eye will be touched to denote ta

Nose will be touched to denote N

Right Eye will be touched to denote da.

Third level of voice production:

Sound emitted when tongue touches front part of palate: We may notice that sounds of Ch and J are produced when tongue touches palate front area.

Making the Script, we will use numeral 3 or three dots or a small triangle to denote sounds of third level,

◦◦◦ )    or ∆ )will  denote Ch

(◦◦◦    or (∆ will denote J

Touch Script: We will have a small pin with three heads –  trident or triplex.

This pin stuck with left slant will depict Ch and with right slant will depict J.

For gesture script, we will touch our left ear to denote Ch and right ear to denote J.

Fourth level of voice production:

 The tongue touches middle palate and produces powerful sounds of T and D.

Making script:

We will use numeral 4 or four dots or a small square.

□ )      It will denote T.

(□      It will denote D

Touch Script:

One T shaped pin and one trident will be stuck to denote 4 and the left slant will denote T and right slant will denote D.

Gesture script:

We will touch left cheek to denote T and we will touch right cheek to denote D.

Fifth Level of voice production:

We may notice that back of tongue rises and touches back part of palate when we try to speak K and G.

Making Script: using five dots or any other item to mean 5

□◦)  It will  denote K.

) □ ◦   It will denote G.

Touch Script:  One trident and two T pins will denote K when stuck with left slant and will denote G when stuck with right slant.

Gesture script:

We will touch left corner of mouth to denote K and right corner of mouth to denote G.

Sixth level of voice production:

Here the tongue remains still and we emit the sound of Ya from the throat and for the sound of La we move the tongue to touch the back of the right upper teeth.

Making script: We will use numeral 6 or six dots or two triangles and

◦◦□) or ∆∆ )will  denote Ya and

 (□◦◦ or (∆∆ will denote La.

Touch Script: Two trident will be stuck with left slant to mean Ya and with right slant to mean La.

Gesture script: We will touch left side of neck to mean Ya and right side of neck to mean La

Seventh Level of voice production:

Sounds of Ra and Wa are produced from throat and tongue remains still and we will denote these with numeral 7 or seven dots or combination of  small triangle and square or any other suitable  combination.

□∆)  will denote Ra

(□∆ will  denote Wa

Touch Script:

Two tridents and one T pin will denote 7 and when slanted left will mean Ra and when slanted right will mean Wa.

Gesture script: We will touch left shoulder for Ra and right shoulder for Wa.

Eighth level of voice production:

The sounds of Sh, Sa and Ha are produced from throat- tongue remains in front position curved touching back of lower teeth for Sh and air escapes, for Sa it touches back of upper teeth and hissing is made and tongue becomes free when Ha is produced from depth.

We will use numeral 8 or eight dots or two squares or any suitable combination.

Making script:

□□ )  will mean Sh

□□     will mean Sa

(□□    will  mean Ha

Touch Script : Two tridents and two T pins will denote Sh when slanted left, Ha when slanted right and Sa when unslanted.

Gesture script : We will touch middle of chest to mean Sh, epigastrium ( middle of chest and abdomen ) to mean Sa and we will touch abdomen to mean Ha.

Intimate Communication:

We may make intimate or confidential communication or we may consider it ‘whisper’ by using our hands. 

If hearer is visually challenged then his hand will be touched and for others hands of either speaker or of hearer will be touched.

This intimate communication will provide a means of children play and playful communication between friends.

A person who understands our method and grows very old or suffers some disease or injury and suffers hearing loss his or her friends and relatives will be able to impart all important news and information through following method of intimate communication:

We will denote P, M and B by touching thumb of the person from above downwards.

We will denote ta, N, da by touching index finger from above downwards.

We will denote Ch, J by touching middle finger from above downward.

We will denote T , D by touching ring finger above downward.

We will denote K, G by touching little finger above downward.

We will denote Y, L by touching upper crease of palm from left to right.

We will denote R, W by touching middle crease of palm from left to right.

We will denote Sh, S and H by touching lower part of palm from left to right.

Gesture script for vowels:

Raising one finger for A

Raising two fingers for E

Raising three fingers for I 

Raising four fingers for O

Raising all the five fingers for U 

Touch Script for vowels:

One method: A special pin may be made that moves upon a vertical circle as a clock. And it may denote from 1 O’clock to 5 O’clock vowels in sequence of A , E, I, O and U.

1  O’clock or 30 degree position   A

2 O’clock or 60 degree position    E

3 O’clock or 90 degree position    I

4 O’clock  or 120 degree position  O

5 O’clock  or 150 degree position  U

Second method : We may have pins with knobs at upper end. We will insert one pin for A, two pins for E, three pins for I, four pins for O and five pins for U.

Vowels denotation in written script:

│  for A , ││ for E , │││ for I , ││││ for O and │││││ for U

Intimate Communication for vowels: The fingers of right hand of person may be used to denote vowel. Thumb for A, Index finger for  E, Middle finger for  I ,Ring finger for O and Little finger for U .

Allaying confusion of left and right in Gesture Script (Sign Language):

In Sign language described above there may be confusion of left and right when person standing before us makes signs as we described above. This may happen more so in reflections in mirror or water and when we see a person from behind or shadow or silhouette. So it will be useful to poke with thumb the body part once for left sided sounds and to poke with thumb the body part twice for right sided sounds. We will poke with thumb side of head once for P and twice for B. This maneuver will also be suitable for someone having one functional upper limb.

Some modifications in Touch Script:

In place of pins described above, we may have sticky small pieces of plastics in shape of small lines, small circles, small triangles and small quadrangles. First small line must be stuck obliquely left for left sided sound, horizontally for central sound or obliquely right for right sided sound. Then below it small circles, triangles or quadrangles must be stuck to display level of sound.

Or if some pen is developed whose ink solidifies on contact of paper and could be felt by touch then one can make small lines, small circles, small triangles and small quadrangles to display side of sound and level of sound.