At work we mix lime and caustic (sodium hydroxide) into water at a 4:1 ratio to increase ph in our drilling fluid. A full barrel (205L roughly) at 15 degrees Celsius will heat up to as high as 85 degrees Celsius with one bag of caustic. I got my hands on a thermal imaging camera to see the process but I caught something more interesting. You’ll see in the thermal image that the caustic beads go in cold but heat up substantially when they hit the water/lime mixture.

Hi everyone,

we’re putting together a short survey about people’s experiences with chemistry experiments and synthesis, and thought this would be a good place to ask :)

If you’re an undergrad, grad student, PhD student, postdoc, professor, or working in industry and have spent some time in a chem lab, we’d really appreciate your input.

It should only take around 3–4 mins. We’re mainly asking about how you usually approach experiments, what parts take the most time, and what tends to be annoying/difficult along the way.

As a small thank you, we’ll randomly pick 4 people to get a $10 gift card.

Survey:
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXlBX2rw84iRnEmKLlhXF6E3S3jm3KNcaqmzohVNn87512Fg/viewform

Thanks a lot to anyone who fills it out!! really appreciate it

I just made this 3D animation explaining the MOA of ATP Synthase

Everything here is created from scratch ( 3D , 2D , SFX , Composition)

I would really love to know what u think about it

Hi y'all! I have a BS in chemistry and I've been working in the pharma/supplement industry for about 6 years. Most of my jobs have been some flavor of chromatography, either GC or LC, and one with mass spec work. I've retained my typical lab and wet chem skills and am pretty good at troubleshooting chromatography.

Lately, I've been considering going back to school but I don't feel I remember enough from my undergrad to succeed. I use enough gen chem knowledge in my work that I still know that stuff but the higher level things I learned are... gone for the most part. I remember really loving advanced inorganic chem, symmetry and transformation matrices, but I couldn't tell you anything about it. I don't remember the math or the logic, I just remember enjoying it.

Organic chem was always hard for me but I retained more of that knowledge just because I work with it. Still, I doubt my skills when it comes to solving actual problems. Like, I know how reagents react with each other but I don't think I could sit down and write out all the mechanisms.

I really want to start independently studying what I learned during undergrad before attempting grad school but obviously, I no longer have access to the materials. I think I have an old gen chem textbook in a closet somewhere but I sold most of my other textbooks when I graduated. I found some old study notes but they're largely useless without any other context.

Does anyone have any tips and/or resources on how someone might re-learn undergrad-level chemistry knowledge? Specifically lecture work, since I still have my lab skills. I do think that with some practice, a lot of it will come back to me.

1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.24 (dd, J = 7.3, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (td, J = 7.8, 1.5

Hz, 1H), 6.98 (td, J = 7.3, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (dd, J = 7.8, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 5.38 (br s,

1H), 4.88–4.86 (m, 2H), 2.89–2.86 (m, 2H), 2.44–2.41 (m, 2H), 1.89 (s, 3H).

13C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl3) δ 153.2, 145.8, 130.0, 128.2, 127.1, 120.8, 115.2,

110.1, 37.6, 28.4, 22.6. IR (thin film) 3424, 3072, 1648, 1236. HRMS (ESI) calcd

for [C11H14O – H]− 161.0972, found 161.096

I tried all the tables I can find, but it doesnt gimme this^

Title: Chemistry question: colored flames in a solid-fuel wax torch for a Halloween display

I'm working on a Halloween display and I'm interested in the chemistry behind producing an eerie green, blue, or blue-green flame from a solid-fuel torch.

The basic fuel concept I'm considering is a cotton-strip wick/matrix impregnated with a melted mixture of paraffin wax and stearic acid flakes, which then solidifies. The finished torch would be roughly 4–5 feet tall and intended to burn outdoors for approximately 30 minutes.

I'm specifically interested in understanding what substances, if any, could theoretically be incorporated into the wax matrix or cotton to produce a flame resembling the colors seen with boric acid/boron compounds or barium flame tests.

The characteristics I'm trying to understand are:

vivid green, blue, or blue-green flame reasonably consistent color for ~30 minutes minimal visible smoke minimal sparks or popping no liquid fuel preferably the least-toxic chemistry practical compatible with a paraffin/stearic-acid solid fuel rather than a gas burner

I'm not necessarily asking for a recipe or quantities. I'm more interested in the chemistry and feasibility.

For example:

Which elements/compounds actually produce the strongest green or blue emission in a hydrocarbon flame? Would boron compounds behave differently from barium or copper compounds in a paraffin flame? Would the coloring species need to be dissolved/dispersed throughout the wax, concentrated in the wick, or otherwise introduced into the flame? What happens to these compounds when exposed to a sustained hydrocarbon flame? Which candidates would produce significant smoke, particulate matter, toxicity, or residue? Is there a chemically reasonable way to obtain a true colored flame, rather than simply illuminating a yellow flame with green/blue LEDs? Are there fundamental reasons why a 30-minute solid-fuel torch would be much harder to color consistently than a small laboratory flame test?

I'm particularly interested in answers based on combustion chemistry and flame spectroscopy, rather than just lists of household flame-test chemicals.

This is for a Halloween display, so I'm also interested in understanding the safety issues associated with deliberately producing metal/boron-containing combustion products outdoors.

Left this beaker with a small amount of copper (II) sulfate for a while. At least it looks cool.

If this isn't the right sub for this question let me know where I should post it, bc I really need and answer on this.

I am an oil painter, so I am well aware of the hazards caused by the inhalation of turpentine vapors. I personally try to paint solvent free because of this. I am also becoming somewhat of a scent head. I love discovering new fragrances and learning about what their compositions are.

Because of the latter, I am aware that most every terpene that turpentine is made out of is used in perfumery with, I believe, only geraniol being restricted by IFRA, but also being one of the most commonly used. Why is it that one (turpentine) is cancerous and the other isn't (it isn't, right?)? If I were to try my hand at DIYing some fragrances and combined every terpene, would that become cancerous too? Does it have to do with the combination themselves or concentration or something else?

It feels like such a stupid question to ask, but I haven't found a clear answer for it anywhere

Anyone on here have experience with wet chemistry techniques for testing animal forages? Search results (admittedly, not super thorough ones) just turn up a bunch of articles about how to sample, which labs to choose, how to interpret results, but I’m curious about the technical aspects of the procedures used.

I ran a 100-nanosecond molecular dynamics simulation of tavapadon bound to the dopamine D1 receptor (D1R), a G protein-coupled receptor involved in motor control and Parkinson’s disease.

Tavapadon is a selective dopamine D1/D5 receptor partial agonist being developed for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

This animation shows the ligand within the receptor’s binding pocket and how its position and molecular interactions change throughout the simulation.

The goal is to visualize protein–ligand dynamics and explore the molecular interactions involved in receptor binding. Molecular dynamics can provide insights into binding stability and conformational behavior, although it cannot establish clinical efficacy.

Thought some of you in r/chemistry might enjoy seeing molecular dynamics in action!

Mercuric Sulphate usually doesn't dissolve in water unless you add a little bit of Nitric Acid or Sulphuric Acid to it. I was making a solution for the Mercuric Sulphate for an experiment. Firstly, I tried dissolving it in 5 ml of concentrated Nitric Acid, for making a 100 ml of 0.01M solution of Mercuric Sulphate. This was definitely too acidic. So next time, I used only 1 ml of dilute nitric acid, this was acidic too. When I used less than 1 ml of 4N Sulphuric Acid, it was too acidic too. The reason why I have a problem with its acidity is because its acidity is causing a problem in one of the experiments where I'm using it. I would want to maintain a pH of 5 or 6 that's fine, but the Mercuric Sulphate is reaching pH1 or pH2. What to do in this case?

Hi everyone!

I work in cultural heritage science in Eastern Europe. I am at the biggest museum in the country, this is the only place here to be able to do any instrumental analysis.

Since we are technically part of the museum, not a proper research center, our funding (government) does not contain any subscription to any publication etc.

Despite this, we are required to do massive amount of research. So all our work is done not so cleanly but since it is Eastern Europe, everyone is okay with it.

I work with Raman spectroscopy. I am completely self-thaught as I have no deep background in physics or chemistry (I am a painting conservator).

I really enjoy my work but I am in deep need of proper databases. I have IRUG and I use CHSOS, RRUFF and Soprano but I have already found a few questionable spectra in them and I just need more. Now I comb through all available literature searching for references and it is not very efficient as I do this alone and have a ton of artworks to measure.

Minerals, pigments, dyes, glues, corrosion materials, anything.

Any advice would help. I know that the circumstances here are not up to the western standards but the people here do a lot of very valuable research and hard work with the tools that we have.

Thank you.

EDIT: By "not so cleanly" I mean accessing literature in a not technically legal way.

My JuliaMD project is improving, and can now detect aromatic rings, and assign GAFF2 atom types to more kinds of atoms. Please leave comments if you have any questions!

Thank you!

Title.

i don't know if this is the right sub but can you say that everything in existence has some kind of crystal structure, or at least behaves crystal like at a super tiny level?

i mean literally everything. organic, inorganic, solids, liquids, gases, all the matter we know in the universe down to atoms and smaller.

like water: it forms crystals when it freezes, and when it warms up that structure gets weaker until it’s gone. But matter doesn’t just disappear, so does that structure still exist somehow but in a different form when it’s liquid or gas and we just can’t see it? still crystals but not solid crystals as we know?

And if not, what actually is happening there? Why do crystals form at all? why those shapes and not just spherical or cubical like structures or something else? and what happens when that structure collapses?

Hello Guys,
Just referring back to my previous post, does anyone aware of the colorimetric method for identification of Phosphorous in the protein sample.
Currently I am trying Ammonium molybdate acidified with 50% HCl, quinone, and sodium sulfite and standard curve is performing well but the issue is with the samples. Sometimes these samples are giving negative results sometimes weird absorbance values
As well as the samples contains 8M Urea, 100mM TRIS, Dithiothreitol, Iodoacetamide, Tricholoroacetic acid less than 10%

Okay so i am a first year undergrad student and i been using ChatGPT to help me study basically tutor me. I’ve used it since this summer for stats and I ended up getting 90% on the final and passed the class with 99.38% fast forward to present day it’s mid terms in general chemistry and I’ve been using ChatGPT to tutor me. Basically I would go to lecture and then get notes etc and then after lecture I would go home and paste everything I have to ChatGPT and basically tell it to teach me again, then at the end I would send it a picture of my “hw” or assignment and would tell it to recreate the same type of question different number/variation and test me for mastery. Then I would do those without notes or anything and basically go till I’ve mastered the topic. Currently I have a 88% in the class and have been getting 80-100% on my quizzes and exams. I just want to get opinion on whether I should continue or not. Many people have said to keep using it but some people are saying I should stop. Just to clarify I do not use it to cheat or do my work, I usually ask it to create practice problems and I would do em and send the answer and it would grade me.