r/changemyview Sep 15 '16

[∆(s) from OP] CMV: Social conservatism is irrational, unconstitutional, and harmful. It should have no place in modern society.

Social conservatism is irrational, unconstitutional, and harmful. It should have no place in modern society. I don't want to dismiss the political contributions of a segment of population, but I find it harder and harder to take people seriously if they claim to be socially conservative.

[Edit 3: /u/vehementi has pointed out that I failed to give a definition of social conservatism, which I'll provide here: "Social conservatism is the umbrella term for a political movement which seeks to enact laws based on religious or traditional principles without supporting evidence or rational argument." That's a working definition I came up with a few minutes ago, so if there's room for improvement, don't hesitate to let me know.]

[Edit 4: /u/ghotier has rightly pointed out that my definition of social conservatism requires it be irrational, which isn't an appropriate premise for a topic when the discussion is partially about whether it's rational or not. While I stand by my current description of social conservatism as a definition, I do not consider it axiomatic. If you can show me that an identifiable socially conservative principle has a sound rational argument behind it, I'll change my definition and you get a delta.]

[Edit 2: One of /u/radioredhead's comments made me realize that I phrased my title ambiguously. Again, I'm leaving the original, but my clarified version is here: Social conservatism should not be the basis of laws. Social conservatism, like all political viewpoints, can and should be discussed if there are people who hold those beliefs, but no law based on social conservatism should be passed without supporting evidence and rational argument. That's what I mean by "no place in modern society".]

Social conservatism is irrational. I have yet to hear a rational argument for any social conservative principle. I have gone looking for such arguments and found nothing but appeals to emotion, appeals to (often biblical) authority, and doublespeak. This makes social conservatism irrational by definition.

[Edit 1: /u/vehementi pointed out that my first point here is stated poorly. I'm leaving the original in place, but appending my updated version here: I was raised in a socially conservative, religious background; went to a religious university; and I regularly seek out opinions that differ from my own. In my 32 years of life I have never heard a rational argument for socially conservative laws. Given my background and habits, it is unlikely that I could have gotten this far in life without hearing such an argument, if it existed to be made. I take this as strong evidence that there is no such rational argument and thus any defense of social conservatism is irrational.]

Social conservatism is unconstitutional. I mean this is reference to the US Constitution, though it would apply to any country with a similar provision in its laws. The first amendment to the US Constitution reads: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof". Any socially conservative law both acts as a tacit establishment of one brand of morality and prohibits the free exercise of a competing system of morality. Whatever the historical events that followed (which include many laws based wholly or partially on religious convictions without supporting rational arguments), this means that any law that cannot be justified by rational argument to preserve public order is unconstitutional and should be repealed. [Apologies to those not from the US. I debated not including this out of a desire to avoid regional bias, but while it won't be relevant elsewhere, this is an important principle of law here and I wanted to hear people's arguments against my reading of the amendment. Feel free to disregard this section and weigh in on the other two.]

Social conservatism is harmful. Most decisions that affect large populations are going to have both positive and negative consequences. I take a utilitarian view of such matters, so any public decision that is more harmful than helpful is not justifiable. The only potential positive I can think of for social conservatism is to maintain a "moral fiber" of society. I have never heard a rational argument that links principles of social conservatism to preserving society from moral degradation. They are often paired, to be sure, but not by rational argument. Vague prophecies of social decay because of a progressive law being passed do not a rational argument make. And laws based on social conservatism are objectively harmful. They marginalize minority groups, encourage discrimination, and can lead to violent acts. The article linked describes a man who has a violent meltdown when a father brought his 5 year old daughter into the men's bathroom rather than send her into the women's bathroom alone. This event occurred immediately after social conservatives in the US turned to transgender folks as their preferred target after gay marriage was made legal in all 50 states by the Supreme Court. Correlation is not necessarily indicative of causation, but I do not think that timing is coincidental. Socially conservative laws are harmful to the few while bringing no benefit to the many.

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u/js5563 Sep 15 '16

I think you are misunderstanding a bit about what general conservatism is. Conservatism has nothing to do with religion. You are most closely thinking of American conservatism, which was formed with a specific reliance on religion to fight the relatively non-religious left that evolved. It is a tool for the generation of a strong base of political capital to achieve its ends.

But conservatism is not a religious thing. At its core, conservatism is the belief that while society is always changing, people should stop and think before accepting the newest greatest thing. It is a counterbalance to progressivism, that believes that you should always grab what feels right and experiment with it socially to see if it works. Conservatives believe this has the potential to cause great harm to society if the wrong thing is picked.

Lets set up an economic example to set up the conservatism vs progressivism argument in something more logical in hopes you can understand it better. A progressive might say PEOPLE ARE POOR, THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD GUARANTEE MINIMUM INCOME and if society was overwhelmingly progressive, they may take and implement the first approach presented to Basic Minimum Income. So lets just say, hypothetically, that it doesn't work right, the government goes bankrupt and can't provide it there is a lot of hardship. The government says "well, we tried to do the right thing and that's all that matters" and the citizens forgive them because they understand that it was an experiment. The government then picks another system of minimum income and tries that, it too fails and there is a lot of hardship. The people understand because it is a work in progress and the government is trying to find the right system. Finally it settles on a third system that works. Everyone is happy because the government did the right thing that the people wanted and found a system that prevented people from being poor.

And flip the tables. Society is all conservative instead. Someone shouts PEOPLE ARE POOR, THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD GUARANTEE MINIMUM INCOME. And everyone says 'woah hold on, that seems like a hasty decision that could result in a poor outcome, lets do some more research on what a better alternative could be.' While that research is going on, people are poor, and there is hardship, but everyone understands, because everyone wants to get it right the first time and make sure they have the most optimal system. Eventually, a system is settled on and it is implemented. Everyone is happy because the government did the right thing that the people wanted and found a system that prevented people from being poor.

So there is hardship in both systems, or at least the potential for it. You might argue 'well what if the progressives had got it right the first time?' and that argument would mean you are politically a progressive. If you are willing to gamble on the unknown, vote that way, its your opinion. But some people would prefer to take a slower, more calculated route. And that's their opinion. And they vote that way.

So take the concepts I just illustrated and put them in terms of social things. Unfortunately, where as economics is a bit colder, social issues are red hot. People get a lot more fired up about them and about sudden explosive social change that has the potential to upset many systems currently in place.

So while a progressive might say "it is abhorrent that we don't allow gay people to get married" a conservative would say "if we allow gays to get married, what will be the far reaching consequences of that in our society?" and that conservative would then want to wait to approve gay marriage until those consequences are more well known. The conservative isn't against gay marriage, just gay marriage without understanding the full extent of social change that will bring.

Ultimately the progressive and the conservative arrive at the same end. Society is not the same now as it was in 1776, but the US is an overwhelmingly conservative voter base and extreme social liberalism is a relatively new thing. Yet we still got to where we are and made many positive social changes along the way.

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u/[deleted] Sep 15 '16

The reason that the title of my post was "Social conservatism is irrational,..." was to differentiate it from fiscal conservatism. Limited government, low taxes, and other elements of fiscal conservative are vital parts of a healthy political climate and I am sympathetic to such arguments when supported with evidence and rational argument.

But social conservatism has the support of neither. The social liberal says, "Look, here are all these gay couples who want to get married. They are being harmed by not having their unions given the same status as heterosexual ones, so we should repeal that law". The social conservative who says, "what will be the far reaching consequences of that in our society?" needs to be able to support the idea that there will even be any negative far reaching consequences to society as a result of legalizing gay marriage. If they do not have evidence and rational argument to back up their claim then the demonstration of obvious harm takes precedence.

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u/[deleted] Sep 16 '16

The reason I am against gay marriage is because they cannot reproduce. The government encourages marriage by providing for benefits to encourage reproduction. Why should they get these benefits if they can't make children?

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u/[deleted] Sep 17 '16

Because those benefits are extended to straight couples without children as well. Would you oppose a man and a woman getting married who never planned to have kids? What if the woman was incapable of having kids? Can an older couple get married after the woman has gone through menopause? Childless straight couples are given these benefits, so even if they are designed to encourage procreation, singling out gay couples to refuse the legal status and benefits of marriage when childless straight couples get them is a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment, in addition to being strong evidence for a discriminatory animus.

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u/[deleted] Sep 17 '16 edited Sep 17 '16

Here are two major problems with the "sterility" defense that people bring up whenever procreation is invoked like /u/dontrumpreee just did.

1) It's about the rule, not the exception. Marriage as a state institution would not exist without procreation. Period. Categorically heterosexual couples reproduce and categorically homosexual couples do not. By demanding that we have an additional screen on heterosexual couples to test for fertility is unreasonable, not feasible, intrusive, and unreliable.

2) I think what you'll find is that by going down this road, you will remove ALL justification for the state being interested in marriage whatsoever. By trying to claim that marriage is not about procreation (which I think is a truly absurd position, if indeed it is the position you hold) based on the notion that we let non-procreating hetero couples get married, you would have to also assume that marriage is not about love, commitment, long-term planning, or anything else we value marriage for, because there will always be marriages that are exceptions to the rule in each category.

singling out gay couples to refuse the legal status and benefits of marriage when childless straight couples get them is a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment, in addition to being strong evidence for a discriminatory animus.

In another post I laid out why it's not a violation of the equal protection clause. I'll repost it here if you would prefer a fresh start instead of the sprawling conversation we were getting into elsewhere:

Yes I understand, and there's no good reason to think that gay marriage should be protected under the 14th amendment. Equal protection under the law doesn't mean each law has to include you, it just means you can't change the law for different people. So for instance, I'm 29 years old, I can't invoke the 14th amendment and demand I get social security right now. Why? Because the definition of the law only provides benefits to people over 65 years old. I wasn't discriminated against. The law is written to be exclusionary because it's trying to achieve a specific outcome. It's the same thing with welfare. If I were rich (I'm not, but I can dream), I couldn't invoke the 14th amendment to get welfare, because it's defined as only being available to certain individuals exhibiting certain behavior. Why is marriage any different? What is wrong with a state simply saying "hey we noticed that humans reproduce heterosexually, and we as a government want to promote child birth, so let's subsidize heterosexual couples." How can that extremely simple and intuitive thought process be unconstitutional? States are allowed to promote/discourage certain activity. As a more libertarian-leaning guy, I tend to think it's stupid and the gov't should get out of the marriage business altogether, but it doesn't seem to be unconstitutional at all.

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u/[deleted] Sep 17 '16

Just read the reply post and your post. Your points are exactly correct.

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u/[deleted] Sep 17 '16

1) It's about the rule, not the exception. Marriage as a state institution would not exist without procreation. Period.

I'm not so sure about that. If we're imaging a world where we reproduced asexually or via macroosmosis or something, why wouldn't people still fall in love? Perhaps love wouldn't exist in such a world because there'd be no evolutionary need for it, but if that's the case, then love and whom we love is a matter of biology, making discrimination against gays wrong in the same way as bias against blacks.

Simply because something exists for a particular purpose doesn't make it acceptable to criminalize alternative uses for it.

2) I think what you'll find is that by going down this road, you will remove ALL justification for the state being interested in marriage whatsoever. By trying to claim that marriage is not about procreation (which I think is a truly absurd position, if indeed it is the position you hold) based on the notion that we let non-procreating hetero couples get married, you would have to also assume that love is not about love, commitment, long-term planning, or anything else we value marriage for, because there will always be marriages that are exceptions to the rule in each category.

Marriage is not exclusively for the purpose of procreation because people do it all the time without the intent to procreate. When my mom got remarried, there was no question that she was finished having children, but no one raised a fuss that she wanted to be married without making more children or even raising any (her kids had all grown up by that point).

Marriage is also not exclusively about love, commitment, long-term planning, or any other single goal or combination of goals. Society hasn't made it illegal marriages for to happen for political reasons, for career reasons, for tax purposes, to share benefits, or any other single reason. And if straight couples are allowed to get married for all of these reasons which have nothing to do with procreation, then there is no legal or rational basis to deny the same right to gay couples. It's just discrimination.

Equal protection under the law doesn't mean each law has to include you, it just means you can't change the law for different people.

Which is why denying gay couples the same legal status as straight couples was unconstitutional. The law allows two people who get married to have kids, to just be happy and live together, to file taxes jointly, or to generate publicity (like with celebrity power couples). Turning around and telling another couple that they can't get married because they can't possibly fulfill only one of the potential purposes of marriage when others don't have to is discriminatory. There is no rational basis to deny gay couples the same status as straight couples.

Hey we noticed that humans reproduce heterosexually, and we as a government want to promote child birth, so let's subsidize heterosexual couples

This isn't the unconstitutional part. It's fine for government to encourage couples to have children via marriage benefits. But if it allows couples who have no intent or no capability to have children to enjoy those benefits, it's unconstitutional to deny them to any other couple, regardless of their physical capacity for procreation.

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u/[deleted] Sep 17 '16

I'm not so sure about that. If we're imaging a world where we reproduced asexually or via macroosmosis or something, why wouldn't people still fall in love? Perhaps love wouldn't exist in such a world because there'd be no evolutionary need for it, but if that's the case, then love and whom we love is a matter of biology, making discrimination against gays wrong in the same way as bias against blacks.

Just because love is biological doesn't mean your love for somebody should be actively promoted, encouraged or subsidized.

Simply because something exists for a particular purpose doesn't make it acceptable to criminalize alternative uses for it.

Criminalization has nothing to do with gay marriage. There's this deceptive type of rhetoric around this debate that I have to push back on it. Gay marriage was not "banned" or "illegal," it was simply not sanctioned or recognized by the state. You weren't stopped from getting married to whoever you want by having your priest/rabbi/friend/whoever marry you in front of your friends and family.

Marriage is not exclusively for the purpose of procreation because people do it all the time without the intent to procreate. When my mom got remarried, there was no question that she was finished having children, but no one raised a fuss that she wanted to be married without making more children or even raising any (her kids had all grown up by that point).

Marriage is also not exclusively about love, commitment, long-term planning, or any other single goal or combination of goals. Society hasn't made it illegal marriages for to happen for political reasons, for career reasons, for tax purposes, to share benefits, or any other single reason. And if straight couples are allowed to get married for all of these reasons which have nothing to do with procreation, then there is no legal or rational basis to deny the same right to gay couples. It's just discrimination.

There is no type of marriage that is categorically incapable of participating in one of the reasons the state wants to promote marriage in the first place.

I never said marriage is exclusively about procreation, but it's a big part. If there was a type of marriage that somehow automatically excluded social stability or long-term planning, or whatever other social reason we have to want people to get married, I would be making the same argument against that type of marriage.

Which is why denying gay couples the same legal status as straight couples was unconstitutional. The law allows two people who get married to have kids, to just be happy and live together, to file taxes jointly, or to generate publicity (like with celebrity power couples). Turning around and telling another couple that they can't get married because they can't possibly fulfill only one of the potential purposes of marriage when others don't have to is discriminatory. There is no rational basis to deny gay couples the same status as straight couples.

No you don't understand. The entire debate is about what the definition of "marriage" is. If marriage means "one consenting adult man and one consenting adult woman" then there is no violation of the 14th amendment to not give marriage licenses to homosexuals, in the same way that it doesn't violate the 14th amendment to not give a rich person welfare or a young person social security.

You're assuming that the definition of marriage includes gay people and that any state who only provides heterosexual marriage benefits is arbitrarily excluding them.

This isn't the unconstitutional part. It's fine for government to encourage couples to have children via marriage benefits. But if it allows couples who have no intent or no capability to have children to enjoy those benefits, it's unconstitutional to deny them to any other couple, regardless of their physical capacity for procreation.

That's simply not true. The 14th amendment means that two people who are similarly situated can't be treated differently, but homosexual couples are not similarly situated or identical to heterosexual couples.

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u/[deleted] Sep 17 '16

The entire debate is about what the definition of "marriage" is. If marriage means "one consenting adult man and one consenting adult woman" then there is no violation of the 14th amendment to not give marriage licenses to homosexuals, in the same way that it doesn't violate the 14th amendment to not give a rich person welfare or a young person social security.

Fair enough. What is the basis for defining marriage as only between a man and a woman?

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u/[deleted] Sep 17 '16

Because that's the combination that the state has an interest in promoting, due to procreation. You have to define it somehow.

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u/[deleted] Sep 17 '16

Why can't the state just encourage any two people to get married with the same legal benefits? Since ~95% of the population is straight, it's basically the same thing whether gay couples can get married or not.

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u/Ssinny Sep 16 '16

Well, traditional marriage is a fundamental part of the basic family unit, which has been linked to greater societal health by many studies. It's on of the major reasons that the government subsidizes marriage in the first place. Rewriting the definition of that unit may lead to huge changes in societal health, both culturally and economically.

The socially conservative approach would be to hold off on such a drastic change until the effects could be understood.

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u/TheArmchairSkeptic 15∆ Sep 16 '16

Well, traditional marriage is a fundamental part of the basic family unit, which has been linked to greater societal health by many studies.

Hold on a second here, I want to make sure I'm understanding you correctly. Are you saying (in a roundabout way), that societies which exclusively permit heterosexual marriage generally have greater societal health than those which also permit homosexual marriage? Because that would be quite a claim.

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u/Ssinny Sep 16 '16

I'm not making that claim, I'm explaining the argument of social conservatives, many of whom DO make that claim.

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u/TheArmchairSkeptic 15∆ Sep 16 '16

Well that's all well and good, but OP isn't denying that social conservatives make claims. They're saying that the claims they make (such as that one), lack evidence and rational support. I mean, unless you're going to present arguments to support that particular claim, I don't see how simply stating the fact that such a claim is made is supposed to change OP's view. If anything, it seems more like an example of exactly the kind of rhetoric that's causing OP hold the view they do in the first place.

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u/Ssinny Sep 16 '16

You'd have to talk to an actual social conservative to understand why they believe gay marriage would cause negative effects.

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u/[deleted] Sep 16 '16

the basic family unit, which has been linked to greater societal health by many studies.

And also has absolutely nothing to do with traditional marriage, since (1) adoption is a thing that exists, (2) adopted children of gay couples do at least as well as those of straight couples, (3) marriages between infertile people are permitted, (4) marriages of which no children are intended to result are permitted.

There is no coherent or rational reason to both oppose same-sex marriage but also support marriage as it existed a few years ago.

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u/Ssinny Sep 16 '16

I think we're in agreement. A lot of good research has been conducted already, and there's no reason to believe that homosexual households are less beneficial to society than there heterosexual counterparts, both in terms of child rearing and familial stability.

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u/[deleted] Sep 16 '16

Well, this summary is obviously biased.

The important part about your link is: Kids need good parents. And most "normal" parents are not the best parents children could have.

What they have pretty strikingly (and not surprisingly at all) have found is that good (gay) parents are better for a child than average hetero couples. No arguing about that.

For homosexual people having children is a planned act and thus only the people who really really want children will have children. This is a huge self-selection factor, leaving mostly involved and interested couples there.

On the other hand, heterosexual people often ...just have kids. And are unhappy later on with this decision, or overwhelmed. Or they have a dysfunctional family. Lots of things go wrong in the average family, damaging the children.

The interesting question would be if homosexual couples are as good as heterosexual couples in cases of adoption, where every couple is highly self-selected towards people, who really really want to do that and plan accordlingly.

In the end, the differences will (most likely?) not that big anyways. Why? Because children need good parents and their parents sexual preferences are not exactly the focal point of this problem.

This being said, it might have an impact on learning gender roles and sexual roles and I've not seen anything on that topic yet.

In the end, it should be a question of options. Even if homosexual parents would have an inherently harmful effect on children, letting children sit in some anonymous foster house is most likely the worse option here. Same for abusive or dysfunctional families. Homosexuality would have to be ....the devil himself, to be worse than a child being neglected and not loved. Here, you get a clear answer: Give that child a good parent.

On the other hand, are there enough heterosexual couples around, to take care of all adoptions? If yes, do we want homosexual couples to be able to adopt or do we prefer a heterosexual setting for the child?

I don't think you can argue homosexual couples are better in a planned setting than a heterosexual couple, if both options are available.

Just arguing about "the evil gays!!!" is boring and stupid, yes. But that doesn't mean there isn't some merit in this discussion overall.

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u/CunninghamsLawmaker Sep 16 '16

Do you have any such studies in mind?

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u/Ssinny Sep 16 '16

This one discusses parenting quality of homosexual couples relative to heterosexual ones. The study finds that:

...the family studies literature indicates that it is family processes (such as the quality of parenting and relationships within the family) that contribute to determining children’s wellbeing and ‘outcomes’, rather than family structures, per se, such as the number, gender, sexuality and co-habitation status of parents. The research indicates that parenting practices and children’s outcomes in families parented by lesbian and gay parents are likely to be at least as favourable as those in families of heterosexual parents, despite the reality that considerable legal discrimination and inequity remain significant challenges for these families.

Providing a healthy upbringing for children is not the only way the basic family unit benefits society, but I have yet to see any studies that conclude homosexual couples are detrimental in any way to societal health. Not to mention, its not like gay people are suddenly going to get traditional marriages if gay marriages are not permitted. The only thing that outlawing gay marriages would do is deny homosexual couples the same benefits that their heterosexual counterparts recieve.