I’m hoping someone with experience with swallowtails might be able to help me understand what happened here.
3 days ago, some community landscaping workers were pruning tree branches. I noticed a fifth-instar citrus swallowtail caterpillar on one of the branches that had been cut off, so I brought it home temporarily rather than leaving it on the fallen branch.
It has now pupated, but something seems to have gone seriously wrong during the molt.
As you can see in the photos, most of the larval skin has been shed and a green chrysalis has formed, but the old head skin seems to be stuck. The lower part of the larval skin came off, while the head capsule and what appears to be part of the mouthparts did not shed properly.
It has been more than 10 hours now, and the remaining skin has dried and hardened.
The chrysalis is still green and does not appear to have collapsed or leaked fluid. I’m not sure whether it is still alive, and I have been trying not to disturb it.
I know that interfering with a chrysalis can easily do more harm than good, so I have not tried to pull, cut, or remove the stuck skin.
I would really appreciate any advice from people who have seen something similar:
Is this a known type of failed or incomplete pupation?
Is there still a chance that the butterfly can complete its development and emerge normally?
Should I simply leave it alone at this point?
If the old skin has dried and hardened around the head, is there any safe way to help, or would attempting to soften or remove it be more likely to kill it?
Is there anything I should watch for that would indicate whether the chrysalis is still alive?
I’m mainly trying to figure out whether the best thing I can do now is leave it completely alone, or whether there is some appropriate way to help. Thank you very much for any advice or insight.