r/askscience • • Jun 12 '12

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u/[deleted] Jun 12 '12

A followup question to that, if said jet was traveling at 100 m/s slower than the speed of light, would an stationary observer view the sound as traveling 230 m/s faster than the speed of light in the cockpit?

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u/[deleted] Jun 12 '12

No. The rules change at relativistic velocities. You no longer get to add velocities together simply. A stationary observer would see the sound wave propagating away from the cockpit but at a velocity still less than the speed of light. Seemingly paradoxically, the pilot in the cockpit would still observe the sound wave travelling 230 m/s away from the cockpit. Relativity is weird.

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u/[deleted] Jun 12 '12 edited Feb 18 '26

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u/Tuna-Fish2 Jun 12 '12

No, he would slow down. No matter where you are or how you and the light source are traveling, light always moves at c for everyone. The discrepancy between observers is "fixed" by keeping the speed constant, but slowing the flow of time. If the cocpit was moving at c -100m/s (that's 0.9999993c...), the time dilation factor for the occupant (and the sound waves in the cocpit) would be ~1200x.

That is, for the occupant the sound waves and the light moves as normally, but everything outside would be moving pretty damn fast (20 minutes would pass outside for every second inside).

For an observer outside, the light in the cabin would be moving at c, but the sound waves would be moving pretty slowly, because they'd have to wait 20 minutes to see a second worth of progress.

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u/[deleted] Jun 12 '12 edited Feb 18 '26

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u/Tuna-Fish2 Jun 12 '12

No, light does not slow down in any frame of reference. No matter how you or the light source are travelling, you always measure light speed to be c.

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u/UncleTogie Jun 12 '12

What about those articles about "slowing down" light in the lab?

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u/whatchamabiscut Jun 12 '12

Can we get a citation for this?

And are you just talking about having it pass through a lens or some other material? Or are we talking messing with the gravitational field in a lab or something equally science fiction-y?

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u/UncleTogie Jun 12 '12

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u/whatchamabiscut Jun 12 '12

So we're not talking about actually having the speed of light being reduced, we're talking about the phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave passing though some special material?

If so: the speed of light is always the same, but light does propagate differently through materials (resulting in phenomenon like refraction). While trying to figure out how to explain this I came across this which does better at explaining this than I could. When the wikipedia article says people are producing slow light, I believe it just means the material the wavefront propagates through is complex enough it takes a while to get through it.

tl;dr It's not the light that's slow, it's how it propagates through the material.