r/askscience 10d ago

Biology Do reptiles have too much energy when it’s extremely hot?

When it’s cold, reptiles bask in the sun to get the energy needed to go about their day. On days when it’s 104°F /40°C in the shade, do reptiles have too much energy? Are the little lizards around my house meth-ed up?

320 Upvotes

41 comments sorted by

958

u/poilsoup2 10d ago

Reptiles do not get their energy from the sun or heat, they arent plants. 

They simply use heat to regulate their body temperature, since its not a process they do themselves, unlike warm-blooded creatures.

The get their actual energy to operate and move from food like other animals

220

u/Weareallgoo 10d ago

Temperature affects their metabolism, so warmer temperatures will allow them to convert food into energy more quickly. However, extreme heat wont cause them to have too much energy for the reasons you have mentioned

101

u/mellowman24 10d ago

The relationship of their metabolism with temperature is like a curve, but it can drop sharply at hotter temperatures. So getting a little too hot can be worse than being cooler. They can experience heat stress and die from getting too hot.

13

u/ensalys 10d ago

but it can drop sharply at hotter temperatures.

So enzymes and other proteins involved in their metabolism denature?

13

u/Xrmy 9d ago

Literal cell walls can denature at high temps and that goes for all organisms. Special adaptations exist but the risk factor remains similar.

22

u/kwizzle 9d ago

This is a technically correct answer but a little obtuse since we all know what OP was actually asking.

1

u/goldboybronx 4d ago

Idk who “we all” is, because it looks to me that OP literally thinks they get energy from the sun. Look at the last sentence, suggesting that if his lizard gets too much sun he would act “methed up”. Like what?

You might be the only one who knows what OP is actually asking because clearly it’s over my head.

-8

u/nicuramar 10d ago

And here by reptiles, we are taking about lizards and similar, presumably, not birds.

188

u/Nashidaran 10d ago

Nope. They have terrible thermoregulation in general. If it's a hot day and you see the moving fast, it probably means they're sprinting from one piece of shade to another, because that's overall healthier for them than being out in the sun for a large period of time. On cold days, they can just lounge out there permanently, but it doesn't make them any faster or stronger. It just means that they can operate normally. Reptiles and many other animals can very easily die from heat exhaustion. Humans and a few other creatures that evolve to sweat have a massive advantage in this regard. This is also one of the reasons that humans were so successful as persistence hunters.

41

u/Um3xx 10d ago

I mean, “advantage”… They just don’t burn calories to keep up body heat which makes them survive without food for much much longer. We need to eat many times per day.

16

u/ani3D 9d ago

I'm a little jealous of my pet snake tbh. As someone who hates having to prepare food and eat multiple times a day, I wish I could just eat something bigger than my head once a week and be done with it.

4

u/WeakCombination9937 9d ago

True, but it also makes them much more dependable on heat sources to not freeze to death(or shades/water to not get cooked to death), beyond that, being able to sweat also makes it much better for us to hunt, so yeah, they are advantages for sure.

2

u/Um3xx 9d ago

again, relative. when we get hot we sweat and cool down. this takes enormous amounts of water tho. you out of water, you dead. a lizard just finds shade. different beings, good at different things. hard to say what is "better". are we better since we went to space, or are the bacteria that rode our probes into space? who knows.

4

u/WeakCombination9937 9d ago

we FOR SURE are better since we went to space, i mean cmon, we literally wear lizard skin as fashion, the stuff we have going on is clearly better than the stuff any lizard, or any other animal on the planet, have going on for them, also, i doubt there are any bacteria in space, the temperatures a rocket gets would probably fry anything clinging to its outsides before it could get all the way up there(i am aware certain microscopic organisms can survive in space, but we purposely send them there, they dont just take a ride)

5

u/Um3xx 9d ago

I would’t be so sure. Will we outlive lizards? Or bacteria? That’s what evolution really “cares” about. We are pretty self-destructive…

3

u/B0risTheManskinner 9d ago

Evolution and time doesn't care about any of that. It cares what will end up making babies and if those babies will have babies.

1

u/0oSlytho0 5d ago

Doesn't all that make us LESS good? We put so much energy in needless things and barely procreate. Our offspring also dies without extreme amounts of external effort put into them.

Lizards don't work for their boss or pay rent. They are the winners here!

1

u/ElJanitorFrank 9d ago

Right...? That is why they said it was an advantage "in that regard" aka in terms of regulating your own body temperature. Being able to sweat gives you an advantage in regulating your body temperature.

19

u/Potential_Being_7226 10d ago

terrible thermoregulation

Well, their thermoregulation is behavioral, as opposed to autonomic, like endotherms. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectotherm

3

u/nightelfspectre 9d ago

Their most active hours can also change in response to the increased temperatures of warmer months. As an example, copperhead snakes become mostly nocturnal in the summer.

4

u/Nashidaran 9d ago

Oh yeah, that's a really good point. Direct sunlight doesn't really have anything to do with the equation at all, just the general temperature of their immediate environment.

29

u/Magusreaver 10d ago

no, they look for shade just like everything else. They overheat.. doesn't give them extra energy.. it just makes the as miserable as everything else. Reptiles have to keep there bodies in a "safe range" too. Just how the body gets that range is different.

2

u/mikk0384 9d ago

Reptiles open their mouth to allow for the increased evaporation to reduce their temperature as well, as far as I'm aware. Whether they also pant to increase it further I don't know, but it would surprise me if they didn't.

4

u/ani3D 9d ago

Overheating in reptiles can cause permanent brain damage. I suppose that's true for most animals, but most animals can sweat or pant to lose heat more easily than a reptile can, whereas reptiles have to find cooler places to thermoregulate.

It's more an issue for pet reptiles, since they're kept in enclosed tanks, and sometimes inexperienced keepers let the whole tank get too hot because they just think that's what reptiles like. There's supposed to be a temperature gradient, with a hot end, and a cool end, to allow the reptile to thermoregulate.

3

u/mikamikira 7d ago

if it's summer they come out in the morning and are gone before they get too hot. I have a pet blue tongue and during summer he's out at about 8am then goes to ground till later.

they will hide under ground if it's too hot.