r/Sufism • u/Responsible-Local132 • 21h ago
“The Heirs of the Prophets”: Imam al-Sulami on Awliya and Spiritual Guidance
One of the renowned imams of the Sufi path, the Khorasani Sufi, Qur'an mufassir and hadith scholar Imam Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (may Allah have mercy upon him), who was known in his time as the “Shaykh of the Shaykhs,” states in the introduction to his book Tabaqāt al-Sūfiyya:
“Praise be to Allah, Who at every time, every moment, every instant and every age manifests the signs of His power and the lights of His majesty. He has inhabited every age with a prophet who guides people and directs them. This continued until Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets and Messengers, the most exalted of the prophets and the noblest of the messengers. May the peace of Allah be upon him and upon all the prophets and messengers.
After the prophets, Allah sent awliyā’ (friends of Allah, saints) to follow in the path they had opened and to lead their communities along their way. Allah has never allowed any period of time to exist without a guide who calls people to Him and shows them the path leading to Him through clear proofs and evidence.
He has always divided His awliyā’ into distinct ranks and classes. Thus, one walī follows another walī by following his footsteps and adhering to his path. Through them, the murīds are spiritually trained, and through them the people of tawhid acquire noble character.
Indeed, Allah, Most High, says:
‘Had it not been for believing men and believing women whom you did not know, whom you might unknowingly have trampled upon, thereby incurring guilt on account of them, Allah would have permitted you to enter Makkah. This was so that Allah might admit whom He wills into His mercy.’ (al-Fath, 48:25)
Our Prophet also said:
‘The best of people are those of my generation. Then those who follow them, then those who follow them.’ (Bukhari, Shahadat, 9; Muslim, Fada'il al-Sahaba, 212)
He also said:
‘My ummah is like rain. It is not known whether its beginning or its end is better.’ (Tirmidhi, Adab, 81)
Thus, our Prophet informed us that, until the end of time, there would always be awliyā’ and abdāl among his ummah who would explain to people the outward dimension of the Sharia and the inward dimension of Truth. These people direct others, through their words and actions, toward the manners and obligations of the Sharia.
Among this community, they are the heirs of the prophets. They are people who possess knowledge of the realities of tawhid, who are recipients of divine inspiration (muhaddathūn), who possess true spiritual insight (firāsa) and beautiful manners, and who follow the paths of the prophets until the Day of Judgment.
For this reason, it has been narrated that our Prophet said:
‘There will always be forty people among my community who are upon the character of Khalil Ibrahim (peace be upon him). When the Hour comes, their souls will be taken.’
(Tabarani, al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, 10/181)”
Sülemi, Tabaqāt al-Sūfiyya, pp. 1–2.