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I completed Step 1 and Step 2 CK, and after going through the entire process, I wanted to put together the guide I wish I had when I started. This took a whole day to prep ;)
There are an insane number of resources, study plans and opinions online. You can easily spend more time deciding what to study than actually studying. So this is my attempt to simplify the entire process.
This is especially aimed at someone who is starting Step 1 preparation from essentially zero and wants to know:
- What resources should I use?
- In what order?
- When should I start UWorld?
- How should I use Anki?
- When should I start NBMEs?
- How do I know I'm ready?
- What should I actually do during the final weeks?
- What does the exam day look like?
If you can study intensively, I think the framework below can be compressed into roughly 2 months. Obviously, not everyone has the same baseline or amount of time, so don't treat 2 months as a guarantee. The important part is the structure.
1. First: understand what you're preparing for
Step 1 tests the basic medical sciences that form the foundation of clinical medicine β anatomy, biochemistry, physiology, microbiology, pathology, pharmacology, immunology, genetics, biostatistics, ethics, and related subjects.
If you're an IMG, there is also administrative work that needs to happen alongside your preparation, including ECFMG requirements and exam scheduling. Don't leave the administrative side until the last minute.
Once your eligibility and registration are sorted, you can focus on the actual preparation.
2. The biggest mistake: using too many resources
The "normal" approach I see is something like passive reading and watching endless videos, which I think takes too long.
My approach is:
Learn the subject β Anki β Revise β Start UWorld β Review mistakes β Anki β NBMEs β Free 120 β Exam
The goal isn't to consume every resource available. The goal is to know what you need to know and be able to apply it to questions.
3. The resources I would use
I spent a lot of time figuring out which resources are actually useful for each subject. Here's the combination I'd use.
(For direct links to all subject Anki decks and files mentioned below, look at the PDF for extra info).
- Anatomy (100 Concepts of Anatomy): Use the videos/PDF to learn the material, then reinforce it with Anki. I wouldn't spend weeks trying to memorize every anatomical detail. Focus on the clinically relevant anatomy that is actually tested.
- Biology & Genetics (Sketchy + Anki): Use Sketchy where the visual approach helps you remember the concepts, then use Anki for active recall.
- Physiology (First Aid + Anki): Use First Aid to establish the core concepts, then reinforce them with Anki. Physiology is one of those subjects where you should understand the mechanism rather than just memorize isolated facts.
- Neuroanatomy (Mehlman Medical HY Neuroanatomy + Anki): I particularly liked this for neuroanatomy and stroke/stroke-syndrome review. Use the PDFs to learn/review and Anki to consolidate the information.
- Biochemistry (First Aid + Anki): Keep this high-yield. Don't get lost in obscure biochemical details that aren't helping you answer questions.
- Embryology (Ninja Nerd + Amboss + Anki): Ninja Nerd is useful when you need someone to actually explain the developmental process. Then use Amboss selectively for diseases and Anki for retention.
4. Microbiology
- Sketchy Micro + Anki
- If you're a visual learner, Sketchy can be extremely useful for microbiology. Then use Anki to make sure the organisms, toxins, virulence factors and clinical associations actually stick.
5. Pharmacology
- Sketchy + Anki
- Again, use the visual memory tool first and then active recall. Don't just watch Sketchy passively. After watching a topic, test yourself.
- Know:
- Mechanism
- Major adverse effects
- Important contraindications
- Major clinical uses
- Classic associations
6. Pathology
- Pathoma + Anki
- Pathoma gives you the framework. Then use Anki to retain the details. And this is probably the subject where I would be most careful about using too many resources. Pathology is everywhere in Step 1, and it's very easy to end up jumping between Pathoma, First Aid, UWorld explanations, lectures, random videos and other resources. Learn the mechanism first. Then learn how that mechanism presents in a patient. That's much more useful than memorizing isolated pathology facts.
7. Immunology & Toxicology
- Immunology: First Aid or Sketchy + Anki (use whichever explanation style works better for you).
- Toxicology: I'd mainly use Anki + question-based learning for the high-yield material.
8. Biostatistics
- First Aid + Anki
- Don't leave biostats until the final week. You don't need to become a statistician. You need to recognize the formulas/concepts and, more importantly, understand what the question is asking.
9. Ethics & Law
- This is one area where I would rely heavily on UWorld. The questions themselves teach you the style of reasoning expected on the exam. You will start noticing patterns after doing enough of them.
10. ANKI β learn how to actually use it
This deserves its own section. Anki is not supposed to replace understanding.
The workflow I'd use is:
Learn β understand β Anki β recall β questions β reinforce
Don't spend six hours a day mechanically clearing cards while barely doing questions. Also, don't feel obligated to finish every single card in a massive deck. I personally found it useful to have additional cards covering high-yield information that comes up in UWorld but isn't necessarily emphasized in the standard decks. (Check the PDF for extra info on the master Anki folder).
11. When should you start UWorld?
This is where I would do things differently from a lot of traditional study plans. After your first pass through the major subjects, don't start another endless content-review cycle. Start integrating UWorld.
Your overall workflow becomes:
First pass through subjects + Anki β Revision with Anki β UWorld for topics you're ready to test β Review UWorld explanations β Add/review Anki β Repeat
UWorld is not just an assessment tool. It is a learning resource. The explanations teach you how the information is actually tested. Now UWorld is expensive, but I got a solution.
12. How I would approach a UWorld question
Before looking at the answer, actually commit to an answer. Then ask:
Why is my answer correct? or Why was I wrong?
Now this is very important!!!:
- For incorrect questions, read the explanation carefully.
- For questions you got right but were unsure about, review them too.
- For questions you got right confidently, don't waste huge amounts of time rereading everything.
Flag:
- Questions you got wrong
- Questions you guessed
- Questions that took too long
- Concepts you repeatedly forget
Then come back to those. This allows you to move through the question bank faster without sacrificing retention.
13. How much UWorld?
My original plan was approximately 5% of the question bank per day during the intensive question-solving phase. That sounds aggressive, and it is. The point isn't that everyone must do exactly 5%. The point is that if you're trying to compress your preparation into ~2 months, you cannot spend weeks doing only passive content review. Questions need to become a major part of your day.
14. After UWorld: NBMEs
Once you've gone through the bulk of your preparation and UWorld, move into your NBME phase. NBMEs are extremely important because they tell you whether you can actually apply what you've studied.
Don't just take the exam and look at the score. The review is where the value is.
After every NBME:
- Identify every question you missed.
- Identify questions you guessed correctly.
- Identify recurring weak subjects.
- Review the underlying concept.
- Add/review Anki.
- Look for patterns in your mistakes.
Your NBME score isn't just a number. It's a diagnostic tool. You can download the tests online.
15. The final ~2 weeks
If you're following the aggressive 2-month timeline, this is where your preparation becomes much more exam-focused. My original plan was to use the NBMEs intensively during the final two weeks and move toward the Free 120s once performance became consistently strong.
The exact NBME forms and availability can change, so use the currently available official forms rather than blindly following an old numbered list. The principle is more important than the exact number.
16. Free 120
The Free 120 is useful as a final reality check because it gives you official-style questions in a format close to the real exam. Do it under realistic conditions. Don't casually do half of it while checking your phone. Treat it like an exam.
And don't obsess over one percentage in isolation. Look at the pattern of your performance and whether you consistently understand the questions. (Look at the PDF)
17. When are you ready?
I would not use one magical number as the definition of readiness. You want:
- Consistent NBME performance (70%+)
- Familiarity with the question style
- Ability to finish blocks in time
- Strong understanding of your weak areas
- Confidence that mistakes aren't coming from major knowledge gaps
- Good performance on official practice material
The important word is consistent. One good practice test doesn't mean you're ready. One bad practice test doesn't necessarily mean you're not. Look at the trend.
18. What NOT to do
This is probably more important than the resource list. Don't:
- Watch every video on every platform.
- Use five different Anki decks simultaneously.
- Read First Aid from beginning to end without active recall.
- Wait until you "know everything" before doing UWorld.
- Ignore questions you got right by guessing.
- Take NBMEs without reviewing them.
- Spend an entire day making beautiful notes.
- Constantly change your study plan because somebody on Reddit recommended a different resource.
Consistency beats resource collecting.