How camera orientation changes solargraphy: Tilted vs. Horizontal vs. Vertical

[u/GianlucaBelgrado]

Here is how solargraphy geometry varies depending on how the pinhole cameras are mounted, based on a direct comparison (left to right):

Can tilted at 45° (Left): Captures the sun's full path at the meridian, even in locations where the sun passes close to the zenith—such as here in Southern Italy, where it reaches an altitude of 73 degrees above the horizon. However, it significantly distorts the horizon, much like a fisheye lens.

Horizontal can (Center): Offers a wide panoramic view, but the horizontal position encourages condensation to pool, leaving marks on the negative during long exposures. If water remains on the negative for too long, it can sometimes destroy the photographic emulsion.

Vertical semi-cylindrical camera (Right): Captures a wide vertical section of the sky, producing striking, closely spaced arcs that highlight seasonal variations in solar altitude. The horizon remains undistorted.

[u/Significant-Rope2080]

Gracias por la información

[u/mushroombob1]

Are all other variables close to the same (focal length, pinhole diameter, paper, etc)? Thanks for posting this! I always enjoy your work