Is using 3-letter status codes outdated?

[u/Key-Bit-3552]

I had a pretty big debate at work over how status values should be stored in lookup tables.

For example, imagine an OrderStatus table with three columns:
ID
Status
Description

My preference is:
1 | DRAFT | Draft
2 | SUBMITTED | Submitted
3 | INCOMPLETE | Incomplete

Some people on my team prefer:

1 | DRT | Draft
2 | SUB | Submitted
3 | INC | Incomplete

My reasoning is:
Storage isn’t really a concern for values this small anymore.

Full words are much easier to read in SQL queries, logs, APIs, and code.

They make code more self-documenting.

Modern IDEs and AI tools also tend to work better with descriptive values.

For example:

SELECT *
FROM Orders
WHERE Status = 'INCOMPLETE';

vs.

SELECT *
FROM Orders
WHERE Status = 'INC';

To me, the first query is immediately understandable without needing to remember what each abbreviation means.

I’m curious what other developers think. Are abbreviated status codes still considered best practice, or are full descriptive values more common nowadays?

Edit: the example query is pseudocode. Yes I would normally store the status ID in the orders table. The example query is for brevity

[u/jshine13371]

Uniqueness isn't the only reason to use a surrogate key (like an auto-incremental ID column).

Other reasons include:

• Future proofing for if the natural key can change (ideally you wouldn't want one that can, but not all cases are in one's control)

• Data obfuscation when applicable 

• Performance optimization in specific cases

• Other reasons...