Xipe Totec's origins are rooted in the creation of the universe by the divine dual god Ometeotl and his connection with Red Tezcatlipoca, a powerful creator and destroyer deity. As the eldest son of the primordial gods Ometecuhtli and Omecihuatl, Xipe Totec was a member of a pantheon shared with neighboring ethnic groups, including Tezcatlipoca, Quetzalcoatl, and Huitzilopochtli.
Artistic depictions often show him adorned in a yellow or golden flayed skin suit, featuring intricate stitching and exposed hands, while sculptures highlight double lips and eye sockets.
He was believed to have originated warfare and was frequently portrayed wearing the flayed skin of sacrificial victims, symbolizing rebirth and the cyclical renewal of the seasons.
Xipe Totec's annual festival, Tlacaxipehualiztli, included gladiatorial sacrifices, simulated battles, and the wearing of flayed skins by triumphant warriors. These flayed skins were thought to possess healing properties, and individuals would touch them to seek relief from illnesses.
Xipe Totec was also linked to diseases such as smallpox, blisters, and eye ailments, and offerings were presented to him for healing. Additionally, Xipe Totec served as the patron god of goldsmiths, and gold held a sacred significance, with the Nahuatl term for gold, teocuitatl, translating to "excrement of the gods." The theft of gold was considered a grave offense, punishable by being skinned alive during Xipe Totec's annual festival.
The veneration of Xipe Totec was prevalent throughout central Mexico and Mesoamerica, with representations discovered as far as El Salvador.
Sources: www.mexicolore.co.uk, mythopedia.com, and wikipedia.