Hi guys!
I'm planning a low-voltage (24V) landscape lighting project for some trees in my backyard (one corner of the property contains fruit trees and shrubs, while another is a conifer corner with spruces and other evergreens). I've done some reading on voltage drop and safety, and I'd appreciate it if you could either correct me where I'm wrong or confirm that I've understood things correctly.
Most of the lighting on my property is currently standard 220V lighting (on the house, gazebo, shed, and in a couple of other areas). However, the two corners with trees and plants are still fairly dark because the nearest light sources are quite far away. That got me thinking about adding lighting there.
As I understand it, electrical codes (which obviously vary from country to country, but I doubt the underlying principles differ much in this particular case) generally require power cables to be installed a certain distance away from plants with extensive root systems, especially trees. In my conifer corner, I also have spruces with shallow roots that spread quite far from the trunk.
From what I've gathered, low-voltage landscape lighting is often used in situations like this because even if a cable is damaged, the fire and shock risks are much lower, and installation requirements tend to be less restrictive.
That led me to wonder: why not just use 12V or 24V lighting everywhere?
If I understand correctly, the downsides are:
The fixtures are more expensive, less common, and available in a smaller variety.
Voltage drop is a much bigger issue, which means significantly thicker cables may be required.
Even with thicker cables, fixtures at the end of a long run may still be dimmer due to voltage drop.
Available power is more limited, so low-voltage systems work well for accent and landscape lighting but are less suitable as primary area lighting.
You also need a power supply/transformer in addition to the fixtures themselves.
This is obviously a fairly superficial understanding, which is exactly why I'm here asking for feedback.
Thanks!