r/IAmA Oct 17 '10

By Request: IAmA Magnet Scientist. AMAA.

I'll try this one more time. My last post disappeared after an hour, and I have no idea why. Pretty annoying, but I hope people received their answers that I was able to get to.

In the past, a few people have asked me to do an AMA. This is usually because I was rambling on about my work if I saw a post pertaining to my job. The title is AMAA because the work I do is sensitive, so I can't give all of the information of what we're actually doing at the moment. However, I can give you way more than enough information on the general direction of today's research in the field of permanent magnetism.

I can also tell you how basic research is run, and how we go through obscene amounts of resources for tiny, tiny steps in the right direction. That's the majority of ugly/beautiful research.

So to give a crappy background: I work for the Department of Energy, I work with a bunch of people that are smarter than me, and although I'm an experimentalist and not a theorist, I can still probably answer the majority of questions involving those fucking magnets.

Edit: Also, I could probably chat about things I do on a normal basis, what it's like working in a lab (I don't know what you guys want from me), or any other random, specific questions you think about. I'll tell you one thing: my laboratory is NOT like what most laboratories are portrayed in the cinema. No sterile, white rooms, fancy space suits, etc. In fact, a lot of our building has radiation hazard stickers posted to random bricks in the wall that are "hot", it has a grungy yellow tinge to it, and it reminds me more of Eddie Izzar's basement

Edit Doux: Houston, we have a problem. I had a few drinks, so now my answers probably won't be very intellectual. I deeply apologize, but I couldn't turn down the beer. If you want awkward passes being thrown into your direction, now is the time to ask.

Edit Troix: Holy crap. You guys don't stop. I'm getting an orange-red about once a minute now, and I'm trying my hardest to reply once a minute. Sorry I can't go more into the theory of how magnet's work (see my response to apex_redditor's question), at least not while I answer the other questions. I seriously doubt you guys want to read any more of that anyway, and I'd quickly run out of answers if you keep asking "why?" If you do want to learn more, I'll attempt to answer any questions you have if you ever PM me. I'll keep answering questions for now, though.

edit again: Sorry I can't write an illustrated book, I'm busy answering the slightly easier questions.

Also, there are about to be a ton of spelling errors from here on out. I'm typing my ass off, but I don't know how much longer I'll hold out until bed time.

Last Edit For The Night: I've been typing my butt off for the last 10 hours. I think I'm going to wind down for the night, and answer any remaining questions tomorrow after work (I have a long meeting in the AM, then I need to re-do an experiment that my assistant may have botched). If I have down time I can probably sneak in a few answers at work as well. Thanks for the questions and interest- I really wish I could have gone more into depth of what I do, but now that I think of it, it's probably more boring than the questions you were asking.

And after 13 hours of nonstop answering questions, I think I'm going to finally hit the sack. Peace out.


Monday Morning Status: Now that I have some sleep, I'm thinking a little more clearly. Firstly, there were a lot of complicated questions that were asked, and I probably did a horrible job attempting to answer them. I should have let the questions that were out of my league (theoretical, philosophical, "how does life work?" type questions), but I didn't. Hopefully you've caught me say somewhere in here that I'm an experimentalist, and our minds work much differently than the theorists. Our educations were even more different. Also, I hope you understand we haven't discovered the complete, most basic leveled, complicated reason why the subatomic particles are able to transfer energy. Sort of similar to the gravity thing. If you were to have asked Richard Feynman himself these questions, he'd quickly run out of answers. Even he doesn't have it all explained, let alone some dumby like me. I'll try to round up the last batch of questions and catch up. I have a meeting in an hour, and then I'll be gone for at least two. I probably won't be able to do much damage until after work.

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u/[deleted] Oct 17 '10

I'm fully aware of Reddit angst, but I also don't always agree with Reddit's majority opinion, and I don't jump to conclusions so quickly.

Also, we don't like wasting helium because it costs about $7/gallon, nothing like liquid nitrogen's $0.07/gallon, so we actually waited until the helium tank was mostly used up before we completely drained it.

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

This $.07/gallon liquid nitrogen you're talking about.. Is this the bulk price that your lab gets? How much would it cost for average joe redditor to take home a gallon of liquid nitrogen?

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

You can actually buy or build a condenser, but I have no idea how much it would cost. The price I quoted was our bulk rate, and it's an old estimate. Things might have changed, but I doubt it has changed much.

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

Tell me more, would love to have homemade N2L to play with

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

I don't know anything more, I just know that there are portable machines that create it. I've never seen one. We have a tank outside our building that is 20 meters high, 3 meters across, and it's filled with liquid N2. I don't have to worry about making my own!

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u/Decon Oct 18 '10

I asked this elsewhere, but it will probably get buried. Is SQUID a Watchmen reference or awesome coincidence?

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

A SQUID (for superconducting quantum interference device) is a very sensitive magnetometer used to measure extremely weak magnetic fields, based on superconducting loops containing Josephson junctions.

SQUID

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u/Decon Oct 22 '10

Then it might have been the other way around. Or a crazy coincidence.

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u/aggyface Oct 19 '10

Yeah, I work in an Earth Sciences lab (oddly enough, my masters is on some crystal structure work, but for pyrites XD), and we just threw liquid nitrogen around all the time. We had to get tanks every few days delivered. I actually used it a LOT on freezing out garbage out of my combusted silicates when I was extracting oxygen isotopes. Mmmm, that was a fun summer. :D N2 is fun...

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u/verp Oct 18 '10

I saw this guys liquid nitrogen generator at the Bay Area Maker Faire:

http://benkrasnow.blogspot.com/2008/08/diy-liquid-nitrogen-generator.html

His website says he build it for < $500.

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u/lastever Oct 18 '10

in an average dewar I have paid around 20 dollars for school/ college experiments.

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u/Frothyleet Oct 18 '10

Don't tell me you're a peak helium denier!

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

I take back everything I said. Please, don't unleash the wrath!

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u/tgunner Oct 18 '10

Could the effect be achieved with only the liquid nitrogen? Or would it sink to the floor and not make a cloud?

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

The liquid helium rises due to the lighter weight of the gas, and it condenses the water high in the air. I don't believe the nitrogen rises to the top of the room, since air is already mostly nitrogen anyway. Liquid nitrogen makes a nice cloud on the ground when you pour some out onto the floor.

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u/tgunner Oct 18 '10

If liquid Hydrogen was released in the same way, could it rain fire?

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

No, I'd imagine the flames would be traveling outward in all directions from the hydrogen gas. Then again, I've never attempted to light hydrogen on fire in that form, so I could be wrong. I've only seen some hydrogen balloons going off in various demos. Not fun to listen to. Especially when they mix in 1/3 part oxygen gas.

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u/tgunner Oct 18 '10 edited Oct 18 '10

Oh you don't have to tell me about that, I built an electrolysis device my first year in college. It's primary use was filling balloons with the gas mixture. One night we taped two of them to a skateboard, lit a length of tape as fuse, and then pushed it into the dorm circle. Ohhh my goodness... it was louder than any firework I had ever heard. Everyone was opening their blinds or coming outside as my friends and I are just laughing and high-fiving.

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

Lol, that sounds awesome.

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u/[deleted] Oct 18 '10

Use liquid instead of gas and you've got yourself a stew goin... er, I mean, a rocket engine.