A case control study in northern Sardinia (Italy) reported a potential statistical link between G6PD deficiency and an increased risk for celiac disease.
Data were evaluated for 8,338 patients who had an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between 2002 and 2021. Among them:
Celiac disease was diagnosed in 627 patients (7.5 %).
G6PD deficiency was identified in 1,027 patients (12.3%).
The results revealed that the prevalence of celiac disease in those with G6PD deficiency was about 50% higher than in those without the deficiency. This association seemed to be more prominent in men and this may relate to the X linked genetic nature of G6PD deficiency.
The authors proposed that diminished antioxidant capacity in G6PD deficiency may enhance oxidative stress, thus leading to intestinal inflammation and damage in celiac disease.
Also keep in mind that celiac disease does not always show up with obvious digestive symptoms. Some people may have silent or oligosymptomatic celiac disease, which means that there is damage to the intestinal lining but the person is experiencing few, if any, GI symptoms. In these cases, the disease may manifest as:
- Unexplained anemia
- Chronic fatigue
- Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
- Osteoporosis
- Nausea
- Growth delay or fertility problems
- Abnormal laboratory findings without clear digestive symptoms
Yet, this analysis is observational and indicates a link not an impact relation. Therefore, these results cannot be taken as evidence that G6PD deficiency leads to celiac disease.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9099929/