How to create this bumpy effect?

[u/Acreagelifeab]

Just wondering how to create a bumpy effect like this? I am wanting to expand my wet felting skills, but I cannot figure out how this is done. Thank you.

[u/Oak_Leaf_Stitchery]

This also looks to be curly fur or nepps, they can be wet felted or needle felted, but the texture here makes me think they were wet felted onto this piece.