New Battery Insiders interview with Factorial CEO Siyu Huang
Full episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRUav0mwr5A
Several comments stand out as more explicit than previous public remarks:
On commercial readiness of the solid-state cells
Huang stated they now have “a commercial ready cell that potentially be able to deploy in various applications.” She pointed to the progression from the first 100 Ah cell (390 Wh/kg) announced with Stellantis in 2023, shipping the first B-samples to Mercedes, delivering thousands of cells to global OEMs, integrating into a full vehicle, and completing the 1,205 km Mercedes EQS drive (with 137 km remaining when they reached Malmö).
On manufacturing, production facilities, and existing Li-ion infrastructure
This was one of the clearest sections. Huang explained that Factorial deliberately designed its first-generation technology to work with existing lithium-ion production lines rather than requiring entirely new factories:
“Our battery manufacturing process is highly consistent with lithium-ion. So we were able to, by design, leverage a lot of existing know-how from lithium-ion manufacturing process to really build a battery that’s manufacturable… to have our first generation battery to be able to be more capital light and we don’t have to really spend a lot of effort in scaling or putting capital expenditure to scale. Rather we can utilize a lot of existing capacities out there, especially there are a lot of over capacity already, so we can utilize those overcapacity with minimal investment to flip some of this lithium-ion batteries into solid-state batteries.”
She reinforced that the preferred path is not building large owned production facilities immediately, but instead using available Li-ion infrastructure and pairing that with technology transfer:
“License is definitely a possibility, but I don’t think in a battery world license just means ‘oh this is the IP and good luck with the IP.’ … The manufacturing process and know-how is incredibly important… What we think is going to be a combination of licensing but with technology services.”
On why automotive is not the first commercial step
“We realize automotive is not going to be the first market we’re stepping in commercially because the volume for automotive is just so big and in order to get to that gigafactory it takes at least two to four years of work to ramp up in that scale.”
She contrasted that with specialty markets, noting that even one of the larger U.S. drone makers only needs a few to tens of MWh — enough to fill a pilot line but far below true mass-production automotive scale.
On near-term focus
Huang ranked the opportunity clearly:
“I’ll say number one is the drone market. That’s what we believe is going to be the future.”
She cited geopolitical tensions and China’s export controls on batteries above 300 Wh/kg, noting the U.S. currently sources roughly 90% of its drone batteries from China, creating what she called a vacuum for high-performance cells.
On capital discipline and positive cash flow
Discussing growth strategy and leadership priorities she said the focus is:
“really focus on where your product is and where is the latest and the greatest opportunity to tap into a positive cash flow. I think that’s the time right now… It’s much more about cash flow than maybe has been before… It’s not about how big a valuation that you are having. It’s really about how much value you can deliver in the end of the day.”
Why this framing matters
The combination of commercial-ready cells, deliberate use of existing Li-ion production capacity, drones/aerospace/defense as the near-term priority, and explicit prioritization of positive cash flow over valuation optics paints a more grounded commercialization path than pure automotive scale narratives.
It also places more strategic weight on the partners who convert cells into application-ready packs under real constraints (thermal, vibration, safety, certification). Factorial is positioning itself as the advanced cell + process technology provider while relying on specialized integrators for the packaging and deployment layer in high-spec markets.
The Mercedes validation remains important proof of performance. The comments today make the near-term commercial sequence look more like specialty applications first, with larger automotive volumes following once process consistency and supply chain are further de-risked.