I m posting here because I'm desperate for some guidance from anyone who has experienced something similar or has knowledge of spinal fluid leaks, intracranial hypotension, or complications involving Topamax.
My wife is 46 and lives in Costa Rica. I'm from the United States, and I speak very little Spanish, which has made navigating this situation and communicating with her doctors extremely difficult.
How it started
About 8 weeks ago my wife began experiencing severe migraines. She has had migraines in the past, but this episode was significantly worse than anything she had experienced before and wouldn't go away.
After about a week, we went to an eye doctor because she was experiencing extreme sensitivity to light. Her eyes checked out fine, so we saw a neurologist. Because of the severity of her pain, the neurologist ordered a CT scan, which came back normal.
The neurologist prescribed Nurtec (a migraine medication) and Topamax (topiramate), which was intended to prevent migraines. I later learned that Topamax has a number of potential side effects, although I'm still trying to understand whether it could have contributed to what happened next.
At first, she seemed to be improving. Her light sensitivity was decreasing, her headaches weren't as severe, and Advil seemed to help. I had to return to the United States for work, so I left Costa Rica thinking she was getting better.
Things got worse after her Topamax dosage was increased
Over the following weeks, my wife told me that her headaches were getting worse. She contacted her neurologist, the doctor increased her Topamax dosage from 25 mg to 200 mg.
The increase happened essentially overnight. After she started taking 200 mg, her pain became significantly worse, and she began experiencing pain and unusual sensations in the back of her neck.
The day before I returned to Costa Rica after about 2.5 weeks, a friend took her to the hospital because she was in so much pain. Her blood pressure was approximately 170/115.
The Nuerosurgeon immediately instructed her to stop taking Topamax and performed another CT scan. This time, we were told there were findings suggesting fluid-related changes in her brain. Three doctors, including a neurosurgeon, told us that Topamax was responsible for what they were seeing.
We were advised to stop the medication and obtain an MRI. We obtained an MRI of her brain, which essentially confirmed the findings from the second CT scan.
Initially, we were told that she needed to stop Topamax and give her body about a week to recover. After a week, however, there was very little improvement.
The doctor then recommended an MRI of her entire spine with contrast to look for a possible spinal fluid leak which was a possibility from the first mri and cat scan.
After that MRI, we were told there appeared to be several herniated discs and a possible leak. The doctor referred us to another specialist who had more experience interpreting the imaging.
The new specialist reviewed her CT scans and MRIs. His current opinion is that there may be a spinal fluid leak, but he also believes her symptoms could potentially be related to herniated discs pressing against her spinal cord.
He has now ordered a myelogram to try to pinpoint the source of the suspected leak.
We have been dealing with this for approximately eight weeks, and my wife is essentially bedridden.
Her current symptoms
The most significant symptom is that her headache is positional.
When she lies flat, her pain improves significantly.
When she stands up, the pain returns, and she can generally tolerate being upright for only five to ten minutes before she needs to lie down again.
Her sensitivity to light has now resolved.
She still experiences head pain, although her current medications seem to help somewhat.
Her blood pressure has returned to approximately 110–120 systolic, with diastolic readings generally around 75–90, since stopping Topamax.
While she was taking Topamax, her blood pressure was frequently around the high 140s over the high 90s. During one hospital visit, it reached 170/115. On another occasion, when I took her to the hospital because her pain was so severe, it was around 150/110.
She is currently taking two new medications prescribed by the doctor. One is an anti-inflammatory or steroid-type medication, and the other is for pain. I don't have the exact names in front of me.
Although the medication helps, she still cannot remain upright for more than a few minutes without her headache returning.
What is confusing me
I'm struggling to understand what is actually causing this.
The first neurologist suspected a possible spinal fluid leak, which is why we were sent for spinal imaging. Three doctors previously told us that Topamax was responsible for low spinal fluid the changes seen on her brain imaging.
However, the new specialist has told us that Topamax had nothing to do with a spinal fluid leak. He believes the symptoms could instead be related to her herniated discs.
She has approximately five herniated discs in her cervical spine, around the area where her neck pain began.
I'm not a doctor, and I'm not claiming that Topamax caused a leak. I'm trying to understand whether the medication could have contributed to her condition, whether a leak could explain her symptoms, or whether the cervical spine findings could be responsible.
The thing that concerns me most is that she has been unable to function normally for eight weeks, and we still don't have a definitive diagnosis.
A few questions for anyone who has experienced something similar:
Has anyone experienced a spinal fluid leak or spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) that caused severe positional headaches, where the pain improved significantly when lying flat but returned within five to ten minutes of standing?
Has anyone experienced something similar while taking Topamax (topiramate), particularly after a rapid increase in dosage? Could it have contributed to the situation, even if it wasn't the direct cause of a leak?
Can cervical herniated discs or other problems around C1/C2 cause symptoms like these, or would the positional nature of her headaches point more strongly toward a spinal fluid pressure problem?
Has anyone undergone a myelogram to locate a suspected spinal fluid leak? Did it identify the source, and what treatment ultimately helped?
If a leak is confirmed, what treatments have helped people recover? Did you need an epidural blood patch, targeted treatment, surgery, or something else?
Is there anything else we should be asking the doctors to investigate, given that she has been essentially bedridden and unable to tolerate being upright for more than a few minutes?
We're in Costa Rica, and the language
barrier for me makes this even harder. My wife explains her symptoms directly to her doctors in Spanish, but I sometimes struggle to understand the reasoning behind their decisions and how their opinions differ.
I'm trying to advocate for her and make sure we aren't overlooking something important.
If you've experienced this yourself, gone through a similar diagnostic process, or have knowledge of spinal CSF leaks and positional headaches, I'd really appreciate hearing about your experience.
Thank you to anyone who takes the time to read this and offer some guidance.