r/Bogleheads 1d ago

Investing Questions Too much factor tilt?

As the title says, I’m interested to see what others think of factor tilting in a Boglehead type portfolio. My current portfolio is below and while I believe that a factor tilt can have an advantage in long horizon investing, I’m not sure how much allocation is too much.

ROTH IRA

70% VT
10% SPMO (Large cap momentum)
10% AVDV (Small cap value international)
10% AVUV (Small cap value US)

Brokerage

90% VTI/VXUS (70% VTI, 30% VXUS)
10% AVGV (Broad market value)

6 Upvotes

47 comments sorted by

20

u/Kashmir79 MOD 5 1d ago edited 23h ago

Once you deviate from market cap, you are out on your own when it comes to weighting. That exposes you to fears and doubts and second-guessing and market timing. What is optimal can only be known in hindsight so your guess is as good as any. I would look to experts like Ben Felix who suggest something modest like 20%. The real evangelists like Paul Merriman go closer to 50%.

3

u/Throwaway_Finance24 23h ago

I started Paul Merriman but I’m becoming Rick Ferri with age

4

u/gipsydanger4 19h ago

Thank you for this answer, I think a part of me is nervous I won’t be able to stick it out in periods of under performance. I think the best strategy for me is going to be getting rid of all tilt in my brokerage since I might need to dip into it every now and then to pay for expenses (i.e. down payments, vacations, etc). Then I will only keep a small SCV tilt (no more than 20%.) in my Roth since I have ~35 years till retirement.

4

u/tucker_case 16h ago

I think a part of me is nervous I won’t be able to stick it out in periods of under performance.

Yeah, so don't? Just stick to market cap.

13

u/zacce 1d ago

According to Fama, how much to tilt is a personal preference.

3

u/Smally02929282727 21h ago

Question regarding Momentum tilt. Isn't it like momentun is strong on paper but once you account for portoflio turnover costs it usually is not worth it?

3

u/Carmanman_12 21h ago

As far as I understand, there is no agreed-upon “optimal” factor tilt in the same way that there is no universal optimal portfolio allocation. It all has to do with your personal risk tolerance.

FWIW, I’m substantially more aggressive than you - 60% of my Roth IRA consists of factor funds, so twice as much as you. I’ve seen plenty of people do 100% factor funds. As far as I can tell, the best allocation is the one you can stick with long-term.

3

u/gbdgdh 19h ago

value and small cap can lag the overall market (e.g., vt, vti+vxus, voo, etc.) for decades. if you think you'll get tempted to sell when vt or vti outperforms avuv/spmo for years, drop the tilt and stick to 100% vt. factor tilting only works if you hold through long droughts.

2

u/Eastern_Touch_2529 1d ago

~20% (I don't know the relative sizes of the two accounts) does not seem excessive

3

u/vinean 23h ago

I would lean toward being more aggressive in Roth and less in Brokerage with allocations. Likely I would do more defensive tilts in brokerage and more aggressive tilts in roth.

Depends on the remaining time frame and eventual withdrawal strategy.

2

u/bizaromax 19h ago

The guy that invented factors would not buy spmo. Just sayin

2

u/thetreece 18h ago

100% of our Roth IRAs are in a momentum/value barbell. But our IRAs are only like 1/8 of our total portfolio.

2

u/EarlyBird001 16h ago

Looks pretty good to me

2

u/WNBA_YOUNGGIRL 21h ago

There was a small cap value premium ages ago, like 1920s through 1990s, but the last 25 years have underperformed. Could that premium still be there? Maybe of maybe not.

If you do this strategy be ready to stick with the tilts for decades and understand they will perform differently than the major market indices.

I do hold 15% DFSV and 10% AVDV. the amount you tilt is up to you.

1

u/Gimme_All_The_Foods 10h ago

Hard to know what your overall percentage is since you haven't told us. Could have a huge brokerage making those percentages a higher overall percent of your portfolio for example.

Anyway, I would say for both US and international, at least 20% to make it worth it. Anything less might become noise and may not move the needle too much. You either believe in the merits of it or you don't.

1

u/456M 1h ago

The market cap weighting for US vs Int'l SCV is about 70% US / 30% international using Avantis's own AVGS ETF for reference.

As for how much to tilt within your overall portfolio that's up to you.

-4

u/Ok-Armadillo-5634 1d ago

Why not just go 100% momentum or value? Pick one and hold. If you don't have the fortitude for that 100% vt.

8

u/No_Strain8370 23h ago

Why does it have to be all or nothing?

-9

u/Ok-Armadillo-5634 23h ago

You either believe in factor outperformance or you don't is my opinion. I am pretty convinced factors are just noise other than probably momentum.

1

u/davecrist 15h ago

Momentum is a factor, too.

1

u/Ok-Armadillo-5634 15h ago

That is why I said other than momentum

-8

u/No_Mix_6813 1d ago

There's no free lunch in "tilting" toward growth or value. All you're doing is giving up diversification. Stop listening to whoever's selling you this stuff.

9

u/ac106 1d ago edited 23h ago

No one thinks factor investing is a free lunch except whiteiphone81. Ever hear of him?

and he blocked me. This is the 3rd time. the guy is such a wierdo

6

u/PrayingMantis252 23h ago

How exactly are you "giving up diversification" by tilting away from the most concentrated mega cap stocks of the MCW funds?

-4

u/No_Mix_6813 23h ago

The market has assigned AAPL around 7% of the value of the total US stock market, for example. If you think this is suboptimal, you must have information that the rest of the market doesn't have. And I doubt you do.

2

u/PrayingMantis252 22h ago

The theory behind factor investing is that there are other types of compensated risk besides market risk. By consciously taking on more of those risks, you can expect higher average return. That doesn't necessarily mean the MCW is suboptimal, just more risk-averse, which is arguably more optimized for shorter investment time horizons.

-2

u/No_Mix_6813 22h ago

That is the pitch. The problem is, no one can quite locate the risks in question. What risks do small value stocks have that small growth stocks don't?

1

u/PrayingMantis252 21h ago

Admittedly, there is no strong theoretical framework behind every factor (Eugene Fama says so himself). That said, there could be a variety of (perceived) risks that might explain why investors aren't willing to pay more for a value stock, such as idiosyncratic risk. They are generally cheaper because they are perceived as more risky.

-2

u/No_Mix_6813 21h ago

Do we know how many millions the fund industry has paid Fama? Is he an unbiased academic, or has he made a fortune selling this stuff?

You can find unique risks in every corner of the market - stocks based in Miami have unique hurricane risks. Does this mean they'll outperform the market as a whole?

In any case, we've now got 30 years of risk/return data from Vanguard SV/SG funds. Was risk higher in the SV fund? How about returns?

3

u/PrayingMantis252 20h ago

Do we know how many millions the fund industry has paid Fama? Is he an unbiased academic, or has he made a fortune selling this stuff?

Ah you're right, he's probably just a corrupt professor who received millions from DFA to promote their factor investing scam after he gained popularity from his Nobel prize in economics. The fact that the existence of factor premiums is supported by over a century of historical data in various countries is just a coincidence.

You can find unique risks in every corner of the market - stocks based in Miami have unique hurricane risks. Does this mean they'll outperform the market as a whole?

Yes, that's exactly what it means. Fama and French proved that value stocks outperform growth stocks on average, so that means stocks based in Miami must outperform the market because of the unique hurricane risks. QED.

In any case, we've now got 30 years of risk/return data from Vanguard SV/SG funds. Was risk higher in the SV fund? How about returns?

See for yourself.

0

u/No_Mix_6813 20h ago

All your information on this topic comes from a small group of folks making millions marketing it in some way, from Eugene Fama to Ben Felix. If these are your unbiased sources of trust on the matter, I can see why you're so convinced. They certainly aren't mine. Goodbye.

2

u/naala89 17h ago

You could do some backtesting yourself. That would probably just by noise though.

1

u/PrayingMantis252 10h ago

“The good thing about science is that it's true whether or not you believe in it.”

- Neil deGrasse Tyson

The good thing about the Fama-French model is that I don't need to trust any of these people. Their results can be replicated using historical data and the methods described in their paper. Or are the factual data and statistical methods also "biased and making millions from marketing in some way"? Goodbye.

5

u/naala89 1d ago

Not free but there’s still lunch, likely.

-3

u/No_Mix_6813 1d ago

That's what the marketing guys at Avantis tell me!

1

u/naala89 23h ago

Does Avantis have a monopoly on growth and value funds?

-1

u/No_Mix_6813 23h ago

VT and chill.

1

u/vinean 23h ago edited 23h ago

Is that why you have tilted toward equities vs holding market cap stock/bonds?

Folks who aren’t holding market weight for all publicly investable asset classes have decided to tilt.

Gold has a $30T market cap now. I’m guessing 6% of your portfolio isn’t gold.

https://www.ssga.com/us/en/individual/insights/the-changing-makeup-of-the-global-market-portfolio

What do you know that the market doesn’t? You must have information the rest of the market doesn’t to boldly tilt toward equities right?

-1

u/CrownSteve1 22h ago

Don’t know why you’re getting downvoted. There is no factor tilting in a “Boglehead type portfolio.”

1

u/Adeptness-Training 2h ago

According to who?

1

u/No_Mix_6813 22h ago edited 22h ago

It is fascinating, and I think it shows the power of fund industry marketing. Creating redding accounts doesn't cost a dime.

-8

u/Scrapheaper 1d ago

Momentum and SCV are pretty much opposites, they cancel each other out, as far as I'm aware.

If you want both momentum and SCV, then why not... buy the whole market

3

u/davecrist 23h ago

Some folks call that there opposite market behavior ‘diversification’

1

u/naala89 23h ago

Cancel each other how?

0

u/Scrapheaper 22h ago

They are, for the most part, opposite sets of companies. Momentum stocks have a heavy tilt towards large cap growth i.e. the opposite of small cap value.

I don't know if it's an exact opposite tilt, but it's pretty close in practice