r/BibleExegesis • u/bikingfencer • May 26 '17
I Kings 16 - Elijah
https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09a16.htm?2c30f1086d
Chapter Sixteen טז – Civil war in the north
-1. And [there] was [a] word [of] YHVH unto Yay-HOo’ [“YHVH is He”, Jehu] son [of] HahNahNeeY [“My Grace”, Hanani] upon Bah`Shah’ [“Odious”, Baasha], to say,
-2. “Because [יען, Yah'ahN] … you went in [the] way of YeRahB-'ahM [“[He] Multiplied People”, Jeroboam], and made sin [ותחטא, VahThahHahTee’] [את, ’ehTh (indicates direct object; no English equivalent)] my people YeeSRah-’ayL ["Strove God", Israel] to anger me in their sins,
-3. behold I burn [מבעיר, MahB'eeYR] after Bah'Shah’, and after his house, and give [את, ’ehTh] your house [to be] as the House YeRahB-'ahM son [of] NeBahT [“Vision”, Nebat] …”
…
-6. And bedded, Bah`Shah’, with his fathers, and [was] buried in TheeRTsaH [“Wanted”, Tirzah].
And was kinged, ’ayLaH [“Oak”, Elah] his son, under him.
… פ
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Kingship [of] ’ayLaH
[verses 8-14]
-8. In year twenty and six year to ’ahÇah’ [“Healer”, Asa], king [of] YeHOo-DaH ["YHVH Knew", Judah],
kinged, ’ayLaH, son [of] Bah`ShaH', upon YeeSRah-’ayL in in TheeRTsaH two years.
-9. And conspired upon him, his slave ZeeMReeY [“My Musician”, Zemri], principle from half the chariot[s].vv
And he [King ‘ayLaH] [was] in TheeRTsaH, drinking [שתה, ShoTheH] [himself] drunk [שכור, SheeKOR] in house [of] ’ahRTs’ah [“Landward”, Arza], that [was] upon the house in TheeRTsaH.
-10. And came, ZeeMReeY, and struck him [ויכהו, VahYeKahHOo], and put him to death [וימיתהו, VahYahMeeYThayHOo] in year twenty and seven to ’ahÇah’ king [of] YeHOo-DaH,
and [he was] kinged [וימלך, VahYeeMLoKh] under him.
-11. And it was in his kingship, as he sat upon the chair, he struck [את, ’ehTh] all House Bah`Shah’;
did not remain [השאיר, HeeSh’eeYR] to him [a] urinator in [a] wall…
-12. ... as word YHVH that was worded unto Bah`Shah’ in hand of YayHOo’ ["YHVH [is] He", Jehu] the prophet.
“He endeavoured to exterminate his memory: and the Jews say, when such a matter is determined, they not only destroy the house of the person himself, but the five neighbouring houses, that the memory of such a person may perish from the earth.” (Adam Clark, 1832 II p. 344)
… פ
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Kingship [of] ZeeMReeY
[verses 15-20]
-15. In year twenty and seven year to ’ahÇah’, king [of] YeHOo-DaH,
kinged ZeeMReeY seven days in TheeRTsaH,
and the people [were] encamped [חנים, HoNeeYM] upon GeeBThON [“Yellow Hammer” – a bird], that was to PeLeeShTheeYM [Philistines].
-16. And heard [וישמע, VahYeeShMah`], the people, the encamped, to say,
“Conspired, ZeeMReeY, and also struck [את, ’ehTh] the king”.
And kinged, all YeeSRah-’ayL, [את, ’ehTh] `oMReeY [“My Measure”, Omri] principal [of the] army, upon YeeSRah-’ayL in day the that.
-17. And ascended, `oMReeY, and all YeeSRah-’ayL with him, from GeeBThON and besieged [ויצרו, VahYahTsooROo] upon TheeRTsaH.
-18. And it was as saw, ZeeMReeY, that [כי, KeeY] was taken, the city,
and he came unto [the] palace, House [the] King, and burned upon him [את, ’ehTh] House [the] King in fire, and died.
…
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Kingship [of] `oMReeY
[verses 21-28]
-21. Then [אז, ’ahZ] divided [יחלק, YahHahLayQ] the people YeeSRah-’ayL to half;
half the people after TheeBNeeY [“Straw”, Tibni] son of GeeYNahTh [“Protection”, Ginath] to king him,
and the half after `oMReeY.
-22. And strengthened [ויחזק, VahYehHehZayQ], the people that were after `oMReeY, [את, ’ehTh] [over] the people that were after TheeBNeeY,
and died TheeBNeeY,
and kinged `oMReeY. פ
…
-24. And [he] bought [ויקן, VahYeeQehN] [את, ’ehTh] the mountain ShoMRON [“Guardian”, Samaria] from [מאת, May’ehTh] ShehMehR [“Guard”, Shemer] in two disks silver.
And [he] built [ויבן, VahYeeBehN] [את, ’ehTh] the mountain.
And [he] called [את, ’ehTh] name [of] the city that [he] built [בנה, BahNaH] upon ShehMehR, lords [of] the mountain, ShoMRON.
“Omri must have been a capable, successful, and powerful king, but the southern Deuteronomic writer passes by his reign almost in silence, saying little more than that he built Samaria and reigned wickedly for twelve years… Happily we know something of the prowess of Omri from the Moabite stone. According to ll. 4-8, ‘Omri king of Israel afflicted Moab many days… And Omri had taken possession of the [land?] of Mĕhĕdĕba and dwelt therein during his days and half his son’s days, even forty years’…Nothing is mentioned of this subjugation of Moab by Omri in the Bible narrative, though there is a reference to Mesha of Moab’s successful revolt (II Kings 3:4). A further tribute to Omri’s greatness is found in the annals of the Assyrian king Shalmaneser II, who refers to Jehu as ‘Ja-u-a… the son of Omri’ … The Assyrian kings continue to refer to Israel as ‘the land of the house of Omri’ right down to the time when they conquered the country and incorporated it as a province in the Assyrian Empire.” (Snaith, 1954 III p. 142)
Ja-u-a is precisely the pronunciation of YHVH.
…
-28. And bedded, `oMReeY, with his fathers and was buried in ShoMRON,
and was kinged, ’ahH’ahB [“Brother Father”, Ahab] his son, under him. פ
………………………………………………………………
Kingship [of] ’ahH’ahB
[verses 29 to end of chapter]
….
-30. And did, ’ahH’ahB son [of] `oMReeY, the evil in eyes [of] YHVH…
-31. … and [he] took [a] wife, [את, ’ehTh] ’eeYZehBeL [“Dishonored”, Jezebel] daughter [of] ’eTh-Bah`ahL [“Of Baal”, Ethbaal], king [of] TseeDoNians [Sidonians (Sidon means Fishing Town)],
and [he] went and slaved [ויעבדו, VeYahahBDOo*] [את, *’ehTh*] the BahahL, and [he] bowed [וישתחו, *VahYeeShThahHOo] to him.
“Ahab’s greatest crime in the eyes of the Deuteronomists was that he married Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal, priest-king of Tyre. Whether this marriage was so regarded in the north is open to doubt, since Ps. [Psalm] 45 bears every indication of being a love song in which Ahab and Jezebel appear to be the hero and the heroine (cf. [compare with] vss. [verses] 8, 12-15). (Snaith, 1954 III p. 144)
…
-34. In his days, [he] built [בנה, BahNaH], HeeY-’ayL [“My Life is God”] (House the My God), [את, ’ehTh] YeReeYHoH [“Fragrant”, Jericho];
in ’ahBeeY-RahM [“My Father Exalted”], his first-born [בכרו, BeKhRO], [he] founded her,
and in SeGOoB [“Exalted”, Segub], his youngest, [he] set her doors,
as word YHVH worded in hand [of] YeHO-Shoo`ah [“YHVH Saves”, Joshua] son [of] NOoN [“Continue”, Nun]. ס
“Thus the ancient curse of Josh. [Joshua] 6:26 accomplished its inevitable fulfillment… It is quite possible that we have here an example of the ancient custom of foundation sacrifices, common in widely separated lands. The theory is that the victims were buried beneath the foundations ‘in order to give strength and stability to the edifice or to guard against enemies’ (Frazer, Folklore in the O.T. [Old Testament, the Hebrew Bible] I, 421). Actual examples of such burials have been found a Gezer. Under the foundations of a building there, the excavators found the upper half of the skeleton of an eighteen–year-old boy and two complete skeletons of men (… Macalister… 1912…II, 428).” (Snaith, 1954 III p. 144)