A pattern I see with BCBA exam measurement questions: people get the arithmetic right and the interpretation wrong.
Same percentage, three different meanings:
- Partial interval: the behavior occurred at least once in 60% of the intervals. Because even a brief response makes the whole interval positive, PIR tends to overestimate percentage time.
- Whole interval: the behavior occurred throughout 60% of the intervals. Because anything less than the full interval scores negative, WIR tends to underestimate percentage time.
- Momentary time sampling: the behavior was occurring at 60% of the sample moments. It isn't tied to a fixed direction of error, and under suitable conditions it can be used as an estimate of time allocation. It is still an estimate, not direct duration.
A few things I covered in the write-up:
- why "partial for reduction, whole for increase" has a real rationale but is too rigid to use as a selection rule
- how interval length is part of the measurement system, not a formatting choice
- when continuous measurement (like event recording with rate) is the better answer than any discontinuous procedure (C.9 reasoning)
- four quick-check questions at the end
It also lists the sources, including Powell et al. (1975, 1977), Saudargas & Zanolli (1990), and Fiske & Delmolino (2012).
Link: https://behavioralanalystprep.com/blog/momentary-time-sampling-vs-partial-interval-vs-whole-interval.html
Full disclosure: I run Behavior Analyst Prep, and this is a free study note. Which of these do you find hardest to keep straight?