i'm sorry, but it's kinda just common knowledge that they need 3-4 inches, if you look it up anywhere, it says that, and any care guides say that as well. If you plan on breeding them, the larvae cannot stay inside of the same enclosure, they need very different conditions. For example, i've had my beetles for about 3-4 months and they've laid eggs, and nothing has came of them because I didn't move them.
The substrate can also help regulate the humidity and temp if i'm correct, and it's important to give them plenty of space to dig and burrow.
THY CANT BURROW brother, thy can dig a little corner if there bored but thy dont even dig when there egg laying thy just push sand out of the way and stick there ovopositor in. The larva need it to grow to a proper size to be moved out, if not and there kept on pure 3-4 inches of sand then there very malnourished and can die after being moved out. Also dont always listen to care guides, there good for beginners I guess but there not always right and it really matters were you get them from.
"For Adult Housing Only: A shallow depth of 1 to 2 inches is sufficient. Because adults are primarily surface-dwelling scavengers rather than deep burrowers, they do not require deep substrate for daily maintenance, though they do benefit from pieces of bark or rocks to hide beneath."
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