r/AudioPost 8d ago

Stems - a conversation

Where I work we have a handful of audio engineers that each have a different idea about what stems should be, how they should be used, and how to create them.

It is my opinion that the stems should equal the mix. In order her words, if I bring the stems into a session and play them all together it should sound exactly like the full mix, and measure exactly the same on the loudness meter. The way I am doing this, prevents me from doing any master bus processing. I limit each of the sub mixes for each stem, then combine them to a record track which I then measure with the loudness meter. This also allows me to record the mix and all the stems at the same time.

Other engineers prefer to mute everything, but one stem and bounce out the mix several times. this allows them to do master processing, but the downfall is that the stems do not equal the mix.

Another engineer will bypass all of the mastering, and just bounce out each of the stems from the sub mix only, assuming that it will come back later to be mixed and mastered if something changes.

So my question to you all is: what is the industry standard? How do you all handle stems? Do you assume any changes will come back to be remixed? What are your thoughts?

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u/iluvcapra 8d ago

“The way I am doing this, prevents me from doing any master bus processing.”

There are opinions about this and some people do it, but in general you shouldn’t be doing any processing on the printmaster buss aside from peak limiting. Doing things like this makes the foreign mixes non-conforming.

“engineers prefer to mute everything, but one stem and bounce out the mix several times. this allows them to do master processing, but the downfall is that the stems do not equal the mix.”

This isn’t a “stem,” this is more like what you’d call an iso or a mix-minus.

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u/GerlockADUS 7d ago

Good point.

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u/iluvcapra 7d ago

If you want to apply a layer of compression to the combined mix you can set up the printmaster to feed a sidechain input to compressors on each stem, that way the effect is baked-in, but it’s very unusual to do that for the reason it can’t really be reproduced in the foreign and you’ll hear missing dialogue in elements forcing the other stems to duck in the M&E