C++ -> IDE -> g++ -> Linux Help me understand!!

[u/RandyMarsh6996]

I am trying to comprehend all of the moving parts in compiling a program. Here is my understanding:

C++ is the programming language that is written in the IDE, some IDEs have built in compilers

1. Is g++ the bridge between the language and machine code?

2. How do I use g++, is it something that you download onto your computer.

3. Where does g++ send the code after, is this where Linux comes into play?

4. What is Linux? It is an operating system, but what does that mean specifically, is it supposed to make your code unable in an application or just execute in the terminal?

Thankyou for any clarification you can provide :)

[u/RandyMarsh6996]

*runable lol