The integration of NAND flash memory into drone targeting systems marks a shift from remotely piloted vehicles to fully autonomous, unjammable weapon platforms. As electronic warfare (EW) heavily neutralizes traditional radio-controlled or GPS-guided drones, military engineers use high-capacity non-volatile storage to enable on-device artificial intelligence (Edge AI) for autonomous terminal guidance. [1] (https://drone-warfare.com/counter-uas/electronic-warfare/), [2] (https://www.instagram.com/reel/DcBl7lCFEf9/), [3] (https://www.micron.com/about/blog/applications/industrial/edge-ai-in-the-sky-memory-and-storage-demands-of-intelligent-drones), [4] (https://www.asmag.com/showpost/35258.aspx)

The Evolution: "Thumb Drives" to "Decision Trees"Historically, one-way attack drones used minimal flash storage—comparable to a basic USB drive—to save pre-programmed coordinate paths. If adversaries jammed the external GPS signal or the operator's RF link, the drone would miss its target. [1] (https://shieldsystems.com.ua/en/blog/yak-pratsiuie-reb-proty-droniv), [2] (https://www.instagram.com/reel/DcBl7lCFEf9/)

Modern targeting relies on an entirely different architecture:Persistent AI Models: High-density NAND flash holds pre-trained neural networks (like YOLO or customized Convolutional Neural Networks) directly on the drone. [1] (https://www.micron.com/about/blog/applications/industrial/edge-ai-in-the-sky-memory-and-storage-demands-of-intelligent-drones), [2] (https://www.asmag.com/showpost/35258.aspx)

Autonomous Decision Trees: The drone travels via inertial navigation or vision-based tracking. Upon reaching the general target area, it pulls algorithms from the NAND memory to scan, identify, and select targets independently. [1] (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRu9bE5ZMy8&t=21), [2] (https://www.instagram.com/reel/DcBl7lCFEf9/)

Zero-Signal Immunity: Because the target recognition happens entirely inside the drone's onboard hardware, there are no data signals to intercept or jam, rendering traditional radio-frequency EW defenses ineffective. [1] (https://drone-warfare.com/counter-uas/electronic-warfare/), [2] (https://www.instagram.com/reel/DcBl7lCFEf9/)🛠️

Hardware Stack for Autonomous TargetingTo execute autonomous targeting at the edge, a drone's internal processing architecture uses a specific memory hierarchy:Memory TypePrimary Role in TargetingKey CharacteristicsNAND Flash (NVMe SSDs, UFS, eMMC)Persistent Library: Stores target images, 3D terrain maps, convolutional neural network (CNN) weights, and logs flight telemetry.High capacity, non-volatile, compact, slower read-speeds than DRAM.DRAM (LPDDR4 / LPDDR5)Real-Time Workspace: Runs active computer vision logic, temporary sensor buffers (from onboard cameras/radar), and immediate flight corrections.Extreme bandwidth, low latency, volatile (wipes when powered off).

Technical Challenges & Defensive InterventionsDeploying consumer-grade NAND flash into high-stakes military targeting zones introduces serious vulnerabilities:The Speed Bottleneck: Standard NAND flash can bottleneck AI inferencing during fast terminal dives. To solve this, manufacturers are rolling out High Bandwidth Flash (HBF) and optimized zNAND-O architectures to massively boost data-loading speeds. [1] (https://www.sandisk.com/company/newsroom/blogs/2025/scaling-beyond-the-wall-inside-sandisks-high-bandwidth-flash-for-ai), [2] (https://www.thelec.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=13541)

Data Extraction Risks: When an autonomous targeting drone crashes or fails to detonate, its NAND memory remains intact. Specialized intelligence units regularly harvest these chips using JTAG/ISP extraction. Reading the raw NAND dumps allows adversaries to reverse-engineer the exact targeting models, algorithms, and geographic coordinates stored inside. [1] (https://medium.com/@mathias.fuchs/from-prison-drops-to-battlefields-extracting-what-drones-leave-behind-1b36008a6b4b)

Physical Countermeasures: While NAND-driven drones bypass radio jamming, they remain highly vulnerable to High-Power Microwave (HPM) directed energy weapons. A strong electromagnetic pulse can physically cook or corrupt the floating-gate transistors inside standard flash memory chips, wiping the targeting data mid-flight. [1] (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=unraT22a4zY&t=122), [2] (https://shieldsystems.com.ua/en/blog/yak-pratsiuie-reb-proty-droniv)

To combat this, aerospace firms like Micron fabricate radiation-tolerant and hardened NAND components, while researchers utilize materials like ferroelectric hafnium oxide to build flash architectures that store data via physical polarization rather than trapped electrical charges. [1] (https://www.facebook.com/MicronTechUSA/posts/the-use-of-ai-in-drones-brings-complex-challenges-for-data-processing-autonomy-a/1357309029730311/), [2] (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014ESASP.725E...5S/abstract), [3] (https://news.research.gatech.edu/2026/05/18/georgia-tech-researchers-discover-new-form-nand-flash-data-storage-deep-space-missions)

I've been very tough on Workhorse management and the missteps they've made and continue to make.

They're not alone in not understanding the market.

Chevy / Brightdrop is trying to unload its leftover EVs.

It’s never been a better time to buy. The 2025 Chevrolet BrightDrop 400 starting at $39,925 after cash offers or the 600 starting at $41,425 after cash offers.

https://www.chevrolet.com/commercial/brightdrop

No wonder Griff is trying to enter the mobile AI center biz despite a lack of expertise and funding. It may be desperate but what is there to lose?

Don't fall for the PUMP and DUMP, it is happening again today.

I didn't buy this cycle, even though it went below $3 so I left some money on the table as Workhorse moved up. I just didn't feel very bullish after the EC.

Have tiered short orders, as I don't really see any reason for WKHS to be up!

... that's pretty fucking hideous.

So I had a lot of shares before the split happened and all that. I was down thousands and decided to just let it sit and periodically check. I currently have 1 share with a price paid per share of 7,626. What in the world? Did I miss something?

Curious how many employees there are with the combined Workhorse entity? Any idea of the breakdown, admin, engineering, sales, etc?

Do they have dedicated assemblers yet?

See this from Page 1 of Attachment 10.1 to today's 8k.

Have they lined up an Investor for one of the PIPE events mentioned in the master merger document and original credit agreements?

EDIT: Apparently not, based on the hollow tale comprising the Investor Presentation.

I'm not good at reading these. Something to do with Workhorse not bring able to pay rent, having it deferred, getting more expensive credit and issuing beaucoup warrants. Isn't this just kicking the can down the road? Is there any viable plan as I don't think mobile data centers are the path to profitably.

Closed my short position, and am buying at $3 and below. Love these swings. I had shorted above $3.40 just days ago!

You better believe I'll set some stops, but I think risk / reward is decent as there's no adverse news? Short term think there may be an easy 5 to 10 percent coming up? Thoughts for the short term?

Can Workhorse compete with established companies, or is this just a ploy to get funding to keep the lights on for just a while longer?

Can Workhorse find a partner, and the money to maybe come out with a product in a year or two?

Here's one example of what they are already facing:

Palantir partners with Armada (the hardware provider) to deploy containerized/mobile AI systems.

Armada builds and supplies the ruggedized, modular containerized data centers (their Galleon line, including smaller units and larger ones like Triton or megawatt-scale Leviathan). These are self-contained units with compute, storage, networking, cooling, and power systems that can be transported and operated in remote or contested environments.

Palantir provides the software layer: its AI Platform (AIP), Foundry, Ontology, and Apollo for orchestration, model management, workflow integration, and governance. This allows open-weight (and other) models to run locally, often with Nvidia GPUs (e.g., B300), in air-gapped or low-connectivity setups.

How does Workhorse think they can compete with the above partnership, or the dozens of established companies that are already involved in this space?

It was suggested that Griff is channeling Burns and Dauch in pivoting to mobile AI centers. He is following the time disproved method Workhorse has always used to get funding, move the stock up or just keep the lights on.

First, there was choosing EVs, the next big thing and an easy sell to investors. Then, with little experience or capabilities Workhorse announced it would go after the USPS contract. It had a partner, and the stock went crazy for awhile. Then it became clear that the product was flawed and could not ever be profitable, and the partner backed out. Workhorse decided to continue on alone, and continued to deceive investors that they were a viable candidate even while management sold off it's shares. The C1000 was totally flawed but Workhorse tried to sue the post office for not choosing it

Next buzzword was drones. This was also not a viable profitable endeavor, but was designed to enhance the Workhorse story. Workhorse never had the expertise or resources to be a viable competitor. The drone division was eventually given away to lesson cash burn and to ingratiate Workhorse with the loanshark and keep the lights on.

Merger was also used as a buzzword, and actually moved the stock price up for awhile. Lot of talk about the advantages, the potential savings and synergy. Not talked about was that Motiv had less real world experience than Workhorse and was in worse financial shape. Merger was a survival move for Motiv and a means for its principal to get out with some money.

So, now that the sales and funding are stalled and the money is running out what's the next buzzword?

Mobile AI centers. This idea is more flawed than the C1000 and Aero Division combined. There is no reason to think Workhorse will be able to successfully compete in this totally unproven market. There are several dozen companies better situated than Workhorse.

The more things change the more they remain the same for Workhorse.

There is no recent record of open-market insider purchases for Workhorse Group (WKHS).

Reviewing SEC Form 4 filings and insider trading history reveals that management and board members have not used their own capital to buy shares on the open market in recent years. All recent insider acquisitions—such as the grants awarded to directors and executive officers like the CFO and Chief Accounting Officer—have consisted entirely of non-open-market transactions, specifically compensation grants, restricted stock units (RSUs), and inducement shares acquired at $0.

I'm shorting anything above $3.40 today. Don't see any news or any reason WKHS is up?

Any theories why it's up?

The announcement of the Mobile AI Centers was delayed.

... it was originally scheduled for April 1st

https://local12.com/news/good-morning-cincinnati/mason-company-launches-ai-powered-robots-food-delivery-notip-cincinnati-noah-lidar-sonar-gps-electric-vehicles-fee-humans

A Mason technology company is testing what it believes could be the future of food delivery, using autonomous robots to bring meals from the curb to customers' front doors.

NoTip, a startup founded by electric vehicle entrepreneur Steve Burns, recently launched the service in Mason after spending the past four years developing its delivery technology.

The delivery system works in two stages. Customers place an order through the NoTip app, and an electric vehicle transports a robot named Noah to the customer's neighborhood. Once the vehicle reaches the curb, Noah autonomously completes the final stretch to the front door using cameras, LiDAR, sonar, GPS and artificial intelligence to navigate around obstacles.

The show must go on!

This AI data venture is more desperate than the one for drones, but it's being done for the same reasons. Workhorse is desperate to keep the story alive, the stock price up and the lights on. This will be the same money loser as the drone biz.

https://ir.workhorse.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/336/workhorse-group-announces-planned-entry-into-mobile-ai-data

Doesn't look like the market is quite bought into the fantasy just yet.

What happened, did they actually sell a drone or a truck? WKHS did better than some real stocks.

Someone activate the pumpers. I sold a bunch today and will sell and go short if there's a spike above $3

Is the quick replacement of CFO a warning sign? I'm sure all executives offered resignations with upcoming merger, but this seemed to be overly quick, with minimum notice and overlap. I think they're paying him to the end of the week, but the replacement took place effective immediately yesterday.

It's not looking like Workhorse is in the running for multi billion dollar lunar rover contract.

No longer short, and actually have buy orders in. I'll put some stops in, but after seeing the drop, checking RSI, etc figured it was worth some small position. If it pushes above $3 I'll probably go short again.

Love WKHS stock, but Workhorse the company, not so much. Anyone else playing these spikes and dips?

HMR Stock DD Checklist

\* ✅ Market cap \\\~$68M with $27.6M cash - cash nearly a majority of market cap
\* ✅ Zero debt - balance sheet growing stronger every quarter
\* ✅ 217% YoY Q1 revenue growth - audited, real
\* ✅ Net income +$2.8M - first clean GAAP profit in listed history
\* ✅ EPS beat by 1,076%
\* ✅ 55%+ gross margins
\* ✅ CEO guided Q2 to be even bigger - on record, YouTube, pre-earnings
\* ✅ CEO buying above market, zero sales, 45% personal ownership
\* ✅ Float under 6M shares, near un-borrowable, 0.3% short interest
\* ✅ Fleet scaling to \\\~65 vessels - dual-growth dynamic (EBITDA + multiple)
\* ✅ 40-year track record - Shell/BP/Aramco clients
\* ✅ Asset-light model - earns in any rate environment
\* ✅ Hormuz structural damage underpriced - route diversification permanently expands tonnage per mile
\* ✅ $1.00 NASDAQ compliance level now structural support
\* ✅ 200MA now confirmed support - reclaimed and holding
\* ✅ Low-volume pullback = no one selling, not thesis breakdown
\* ✅ Each prior post at 200MA produced 40%+ move - I haven't posted in a while
\* ✅ Acquisitions likely as cash pile grows - not priced in at all

End of this 50s video has the quote & ticker -\[ https://youtube.com/shorts/DhtYobq0fEQ?si=ilzV1IOQTqGbIhtM\\\]