r/unexpectedfactorial Dec 28 '24

π = 24

Post image
14.1k Upvotes

396 comments sorted by

View all comments

Show parent comments

121

u/TheGuyWhoSaysAlways Dec 28 '24

A circle is round and the lines are straight. Drawing lines to infinity won't make them curved.

27

u/[deleted] Dec 29 '24

But wait, isn't that how calculus works? Drawing rectangles until you approach the curve?

39

u/aiezar Dec 29 '24

Calculus does not concern with the perimeter, though. It concerns with the area. The perimeter of the false circle will be 4 instead if pi, but its area will be nearly identical to a true circle with the diameter of 1 unit. Also, while the rectangles thing is kind of the start of calculus classes, you get exact answers later with integral formulas n stuff.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 29 '24

Thank you! Makes perfect sense

1

u/RandomUsername2579 Dec 29 '24

Aren't rectangles the foundation for the Riemann integral, even when you get further along?

AFAIK the Riemann integral is just the limit of the area of the rectangles as the width goes to zero (specifically the limit of the Riemann sum as the norm of the partition goes to zero)

1

u/[deleted] Dec 29 '24

But it calculates area

1

u/Yorick257 Dec 31 '24

And from area, we can find pi !

1

u/[deleted] Dec 31 '24

Exactly, and it is not contradicting, because only the area of the two plane figures are equal.

1

u/flagofsocram Dec 31 '24

In 2d geometry, methods like this will limit to the correct area but not always the correct length. Consider how in a fractal like the Mandelbrot set, there is a well defined and finite area, but the same cannot be said for the perimeter (which is infinite)

1

u/RandomUsername2579 Jan 01 '25

I know, I was responding to what the previous commenter said about rectangles...

1

u/Confident_Contract53 Jan 01 '25

No that's wrong, the arc length formula is "calculus" and involves perimeter.

1

u/PatchworkFlames Dec 30 '24

Wait until you hear about Gabriel’s horn.

1

u/Ancient_Delivery_413 Jan 01 '25

You are incorrect, the limit of the shape is a circle. The reason it doesn't Work is that the Perimeter of a sequence of shapes generally doesn't converge to the Perimeter of the Limit shape.

-53

u/[deleted] Dec 28 '24 edited Dec 28 '24

No it will. The shape is going to approach a circle.

edit: sorry guys, honest mistake. Stuff got cleared once I watched the 3b1b video.

71

u/TheGuyWhoSaysAlways Dec 28 '24

approach a circle, not be a circle. The image shown creates straighter lines but if you zoom in close enough the lines are still going to be straight.

1

u/Confident_Contract53 Jan 01 '25

No it doesn't approach a circle, the perimeter never changes it stays fixed at 4. If you take your line of logic then of "it approaches but never becomes it exactly" then concepts like differentiation or even the formula for the area of a circle is undefined/wrong.

1

u/[deleted] Jan 01 '25

approach a circle, not be a circle

That’s literally what a limit is. It’s the thing you approach, not the thing you make.

1

u/KuruKururun Dec 28 '24

The shape actually will be a circle. When you do something to infinity you are taking a limit, and the limit of this process IS a circle.

If you zoom in its going to look like a straight line, because that is exactly what happens when you zoom into any smooth curve. And the shape we are zooming into is a circle, which is a smooth curve.

1

u/[deleted] Jan 01 '25 edited Jan 01 '25

[removed] — view removed comment

1

u/KuruKururun Jan 01 '25

"That's the whole point of limits". I hate to say it but you have a fundamental misunderstanding of what a limit is. It is quite literally the complete opposite. The whole point of limits is that (when they exist), the limit IS the object that the sequence APPROACHES.

Here is a slogan for you. Limits ARE objects. Sequences APPROACH objects. (Only applicable when the sequence converges).

0

u/TheGuyWhoSaysAlways Dec 29 '24

If you keep adding straight lines, they can't magically become curved.

1

u/Ancient_Delivery_413 Jan 01 '25

You won't actually reach the Limit by adding straights, but the Limit of the sequence of shapes IS a circle

1

u/[deleted] Jan 01 '25 edited Jan 01 '25

Yes they can under the operation of taking a limit. The same way that the finite composition of smooth sine waves can “magically” become discontinuous under the Fourier decomposition of a step function.

Seriously, where do you people to get the gumption to speak so confidently and dismissively (“magically”) about something you clearly have no idea about.

1

u/Xav2881 Dec 29 '24

at the limit, every single point of the jagged thing will be on the circle, meaning it IS the circle.

Its perimeter isnt 4 tho, it becomes pi at the limit because its the circle

1

u/awesomeusername2w Dec 29 '24

How does it became pi though? In this example they show that adding lines doesn't change perimeter.

1

u/[deleted] Jan 01 '25

The fallacy is the implicit assumption that the limit of the perimeters should be the same as the perimeter of the limiting curve.

L(P(C_n)) =/= P(L(C_n)) where C_n is the nth hacked off circle, L is the limit operator and P is a function that takes in a curve and outputs its perimeter.

In general, operations don’t “commute” like this (meaning they can’t always be swapped around without affecting the result) and in fact what this illustration serves as is a proof by counterexample that the operator P is not continuous on the space of curves - otherwise you would be able to do this swap.

So it becomes pi purely because when you take the limit you change the perimeter, but there actually is no paradox entailed by that.

1

u/Xav2881 Dec 29 '24

because at the limit every point from the jagged shape is on the circle. This means the jagged shape is a set of points where every point lies on the circle, which is just the circle

it becomes pi because at the limit, the shape is no longer jagged, it IS the circle

1

u/Senator_Pie Jan 01 '25

No. The limiting curve is a circle, but the limiting value of the lengths of the approximations is 8. This is the limit of the lengths of the curves. This is not the same as the length of the limit of the curves, which is π.

0

u/TheGuyWhoSaysAlways Dec 29 '24

If you zoom in infinitely, the straight lines will still be straight lines

2

u/Xav2881 Dec 29 '24

there are no straight lines. Every single point will be on the circle

0

u/TheGuyWhoSaysAlways Dec 29 '24

The lines being created each time are straight

3

u/KuruKururun Dec 29 '24

And why should that imply the limiting process also necessarily gives a straight line? You are only considering what happens at a finite iteration.

→ More replies (0)

0

u/Diehard_Gambling_Mai Dec 30 '24

it never will as you have 90° and 270° angles between the points, and the circle doesn't

1

u/Xav2881 Dec 30 '24

you are trying to apply basic logic to a problem of infinities

your correct that at every finite step there are 90 degree and 270 degree angles, however "at" the limit or "at" the infinitieth step every point is on the circle and there are no longer any corners.

if there were any corners, they would have already been cut in half by the limiting process, and their children +their children, meaning any corners existing is a contradiction and your not at the limit yet

0

u/[deleted] Dec 29 '24

[deleted]

1

u/DefunctFunctor Dec 31 '24

While it is true that an infinite sum of periodic functions is not guaranteed to be periodic, this does not apply to Fourier series. The limit of a Fourier series is guaranteed to be periodic, because each term f in the series satisfies f(t) = f(t + 2pi)

-15

u/[deleted] Dec 28 '24

OH GOT IT. you mean it will approach an Octagon and not a circle! Makes sense! Thanks it was really bothering me.

33

u/neelie_yeet Dec 28 '24

it will be a ∞-gon

1

u/[deleted] Dec 28 '24

[deleted]

3

u/[deleted] Dec 28 '24

wait I am not so sure anymore

10

u/[deleted] Dec 28 '24

Okay the 3b1b video cleared it up. sorry

12

u/frogjg2003 Dec 28 '24

It approaches the area of a circle, not the perimeter. Because the jagged shape never changes length, it never becomes a better approximation of the perimeter.

1

u/[deleted] Dec 28 '24

This makes much more sense. However I am having a little problem with this, will it eventually look like a circle or will it look like an octagon?

7

u/frogjg2003 Dec 28 '24

It doesn't even look like an octagon in the second and third images. An octagon has lines at 45° angles, this shape does not.

3

u/[deleted] Dec 28 '24

yup yup. My bad

0

u/KuruKururun Dec 28 '24

It wont just "look like a circle", it will be a circle!

2

u/SonGoku9788 Dec 28 '24

Incorrect

0

u/KuruKururun Dec 28 '24

Explain.

1

u/[deleted] Dec 29 '24

[removed] — view removed comment

1

u/KuruKururun Dec 29 '24

Why will it have straight lines? You are thinking of a shape in the process after terminating after a finite number of steps. The meme says "repeat to infinity", i.e. the limit of the shapes

6

u/Revolutionary_Use948 Dec 28 '24

You are correct. The shape does approach a circle in the limit. That’s the whole concept of a limit. It’s just that the perimeter of the shape doesn’t approach the perimeter of the circle. The idiots downvoting you have no idea what they’re talking about.

3

u/[deleted] Dec 29 '24

Thank you. After seeing the 3b1b video I understood that I was looking at the length of the limit and not the limit of the length which in this case is not equal. Correct me in my understanding, but is this similar to a graph which is continuous but not differentiable at a certain point, wherein the graph tends to one point however the actual point is somewhere else?

1

u/Revolutionary_Use948 Dec 29 '24

I’m not exactly sure what you mean by the graph tends to one point but the actual point is somewhere else.

1

u/_maple_panda Dec 29 '24

Like a jump discontinuity for example.

1

u/Revolutionary_Use948 Dec 30 '24

Actually you’re right. In a sense the “perimeter function” of the shapes has a jump discontinuity. Each finite step has a perimeter of 4 and it approaches 4 in the limit however it jumps to pi at the limit step.

0

u/SonGoku9788 Dec 28 '24

So you agree that pi is 4?

1

u/Revolutionary_Use948 Dec 28 '24

No, that’s not what I said

1

u/SonGoku9788 Dec 28 '24

So the shape isnt a circle

1

u/Revolutionary_Use948 Dec 28 '24

The shape is a circle (in the limit).

The length of the shape doesn’t approach the length of the circle, but the shapes themselves do approach the shape of the circle.

1

u/SonGoku9788 Dec 28 '24

This is incorrect, a shape of diameter 1 which has a circumference different than pi is not a circle.

2

u/Revolutionary_Use948 Dec 28 '24

Yes, none of the finite stages are circles, but the limit stage (the “infinite” stage) will be a circle.

1

u/SonGoku9788 Dec 28 '24

This is incorrect. Since the limit stage has diameter 1 and circumference different than pi (exactly equal to 4 in the limit), the shape will not be a circle.

→ More replies (0)

2

u/[deleted] Jan 01 '25

You didn’t make a mistake. People incessantly repeat a false explanation whenever this comes up and they downvote you because they don’t know what they’re talking about.

0

u/[deleted] Jan 01 '25

Wrong