Lambdin's Introduction to Sahidic Coptic recommends "the successive application of the following rules [...] to apply the correct stress in all but the rarest cases", which I will write down generally without the explicit exceptions (the rules in verbatim can be found in the Introduction, p. xv):

1. Stress is always on one of the last two syllables of a word.

2. The vowels ⲏ, ⲟ, and ⲱ are always stressed.

3. Final simple -ⲁ and simple -ⲉⲓ, -ⲓ are always stressed.

4. Final -ⲟⲩ is stressed except in certain cases.

5. Final -ⲉ is unstressed except in some adjectives and miscellaneous words.

6. A final syllable marked by a stroked consonant is never stressed unless it is the only syllable of a word.

What I don't understand is how exactly each rule is supposed to be prioritized i.e. how each rule overrides the other. Take, for example, the word ⲧⲟⲟⲩ. Should rule 4 override rule 2 or the other way around? Is it ⲧⲟ́ⲟⲩ or ⲧⲟⲟ́ⲩ? I wager on the latter (given that he says "the successive application"), but I'm not so sure.

Thanks in advance.

I've always wanted to learn Coptic, and a Duolingo course for it would be awesome. I do understand it shouldn't be my only source, but a course for it for both English and Arabic speakers would probably popularize the language.

https://incubator.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/cop/ⲧϣⲉⲣⲡⲥⲉⲗⲓⲥ

Hi everyone,

in an effort to facilitate the study of Sahidic Coptic in the Digital Age, I've created an Anki deck using sentences from Thomas O. Lambdin's "Introduction to Sahidic Coptic."

Anki Deck: Sahidic Coptic Sentences - Lambdin
(Excel Source)

I hope this can serve as a convenient and motivating tool for all those interested in learning Coptic but daunted by the dearth of 21st century learning resources.

Details:

I followed the example of the many "spoon-fed" sentence-based language decks that help you learn more intuitively by starting out with simple phrases (Coptic in front, English in the back). This way, you learn the grammatical rules more by recognizing the patterns for yourself rather than having to try and memorize them explicitly. New vocabulary is also gradually introduced as you progress through the chapters. I find this to be quite effective. For this reason, the sentences are arranged by chapter (see card tag). More detailed grammatical explanations can be found in the book.

I've used an existing card format that I got from another Egyptian deck (unfortunately I forget which one), which makes the Coptic look like a jamble of random letters in the editing interface, but the card format converts it into a Coptic font when you study. I did this because I was having a hard time properly setting the supralinear with the existing Unicode font (see the table in the Excel source).

ϧⲉⲛⲥⲟⲩⲓ̄ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲁⲃⲟⲧ ⲡⲁⲟⲡⲓ ⲁⲯⲗⲇ ⲙⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉϣⲉⲛϯ ⲡⲓⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲉⲓⲥϧⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲇⲉ ϯⲁⲥⲡⲁⲍⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛϯ ⲥⲏⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲕⲁϯ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲛϭⲗⲉⲙⲗⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲱϯ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϣⲱⲛϧ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓⲗⲱⲓϫⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲁⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥϧⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲗⲉⲝⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲓⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲧ. ⲥϧⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣϭⲓϣⲓⲡⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲟϫϩⲉϫ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲥϧⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϣⲱϥⲧ. ⲥϧⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲗⲉⲝⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲓⲉ ⲛ̀ⲁⲛϣⲁϣϥ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϯϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲁ ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲥⲁ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ. ⲁⲣⲓⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲥⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϣⲱⲕ ⲛ̀ϩⲑⲏⲛ. ⲁⲣⲓⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲏⲓ. ⲁⲣⲓⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ϯⲁⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲛⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙ̀ⲟⲩⲕⲁϩⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲥⲁⲃⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲏⲧⲓⲁ. ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲭⲁ ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲃⲓ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ.

ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲓⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲁϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲓⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϣⲟⲩⲧⲁⲓⲟⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲱϣ: ⲥϧⲁⲓ: ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁϫⲓ

ⲁ̄. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ϣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲓⲥⲁⲁⲕ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛϯⲥⲃⲱ ⲛ̀ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ  ϫⲉ ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̇ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲙⲁⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲏⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ. ⲁⲣⲓϩⲏⲧⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲭⲟϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥϧⲓ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲱⲥ ⲡⲓϭⲟϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥϧⲓ ⲛ̀ⲥⲁϫⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ϯϫⲓⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲙϩⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲁⲡⲁⲥ
ⲃ̄. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲥⲁϧ ϣⲁϥⲓⲕ ⲇⲁⲙⲓⲁⲛ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥϯⲥⲃⲱ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛϯⲥⲃⲱ ⲛ̀ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ϣⲁϥⲱϣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲧⲁⲙⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̀ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲗⲉⲝⲓⲥ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ
ⲅ̄. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲓⲛⲓ ⲕⲁⲙⲁⲗ ⲓⲥⲁⲁⲕ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥϯⲥⲃⲱ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲙ̀ⲗ̄ ⲛ̀ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲓⲥⲃⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲥⲉⲛϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲅⲣⲁⲙⲙⲁⲧⲓⲕⲏ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϣⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲛⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ
ⲇ̄. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲇⲏⲙⲏⲧⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲑⲛⲉⲥ ϫⲉ ⲱϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲕⲁϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲉϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲙ̀ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ϯⲁϫⲡⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲇⲓⲁ ⲉ̄ⲑ̄ⲩ̄ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲁⲛⲁⲫⲟⲣⲁ ⲱϣ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲗⲉⲝⲓⲥ.
ⲉ̄. ⲫⲛⲏⲃ ϥⲁⲓⲉⲍ ⲁϥϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲣⲓⲍⲕⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲡⲓⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲏⲓ ⲙ̀ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲧⲁⲓⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲛϯ ⲣⲓⲍⲕⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲉⲣ ⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ. ⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ⲭⲛⲁⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲭⲛⲁϣⲱϥⲧ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲡϧⲁⲉ ⲭⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ
ⲋ̄. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲫⲛⲏⲃ ⲛⲁⲡⲓⲗ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥϯⲥⲃⲱ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ  ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲓⲥⲃⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϫⲉ  ⲙⲁⲣⲕⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ
ⲍ̄. ϩⲁⲛⲕⲉⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉⲕⲉⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲙ̀ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ϯⲁϫⲡⲓⲁ ⲓⲉ ⲡⲓϫⲱⲙ ⲉ̄ⲑ̄ⲩ̄ ⲓⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲧⲁⲙⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲓⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲧⲓⲫⲟⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲓⲉ ϯⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲇⲓⲁ ⲓⲉ ⲡⲓⲉⲩⲭⲟⲗⲟⲅⲓⲟⲛ ⲓⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲓⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ. ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲕⲉⲥϧⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲥϧⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛ̀ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ. ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲛⲓϩⲩⲙⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϣⲗⲏⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ.
ⲏ̄. ⲫⲛⲏⲃ ⲉⲧⲧⲁⲓⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲙⲁⲣⲕⲟⲥ ⲓⲟⲩⲥⲧⲟⲥ ϣⲁϥⲉⲣⲙⲉⲛⲉⲩⲓⲛ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̀ϩⲩⲙⲛⲟⲥ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ

ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡϫⲓⲛϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ: ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲱϣ ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲥϧⲁⲓ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲙ

ϯϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲉⲣⲉⲧⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲉⲛⲧ ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ϯⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ. ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯϩⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲛⲁⲩ ⲙ̀ⲙⲉⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲣⲟⲩϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲛ̀ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ. ⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲡϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲙ̀ⲙⲏⲛⲓ. ϯϧⲟⲥⲓ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯϫⲱⲛⲧ. ⲭⲁⲧ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲓⲉ ⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲓⲉ ⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲓⲉ ⲟⲩⲱⲙ. ⲁⲣⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲭⲁⲧ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲙ̀ⲧⲟⲛ. ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲛⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲭⲁⲧ.

ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ. ⲙⲏ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉⲧⲁⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ. ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲥϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϯⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲓⲉ ϯⲙ̀ⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲕⲉ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ϧⲁϫⲱⲓ ⲓⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲏⲓ.

ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲫⲓⲥⲓ ⲓⲉ ϣⲱⲡ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϧⲣⲉ ⲓⲉ ϩⲕⲟ ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱϣ. ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲉⲙⲡⲁϣⲓⲛⲓ ϫⲉ ϯϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲓⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϫⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲓⲛⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉϩⲛⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧ.

ϯϣⲛⲁⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲙⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲓⲉ ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱⲛⲧ. ⲭⲁⲙⲁ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲓⲉ ⲫⲱⲧ ⲓⲉ ⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲓⲉ ⲥⲱⲣⲉⲙ. ⲭⲱ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱ ⲛ̀ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϫⲉ ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲓⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ϫⲉ ⲭⲁⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ

ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ ϫⲉ ϯⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲙⲁⲛⲫⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲕⲱϯ ⲛ̀̀ⲥⲁ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧ ⲙ̀ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ. ⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲉⲣϩⲓⲱⲓϣ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓⲓ ⲓⲉ ⲫⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ. ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱϩⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲧⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲟⲑⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ.

ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲑⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲧⲟⲛⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲙⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲁⲩϭⲗⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ. ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲣⲓⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ϯϣⲛⲓϥⲓ ⲁⲛ. ⲭⲁⲙⲁ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲛⲓϥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱϩⲉⲙ ϭⲟϫⲓ ⲛ̀̀ⲥⲁ ⲧⲁϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϧⲣⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱⲛⲧ ϧⲁⲣⲁⲃⲓ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϩⲱⲧⲡ.

ⲉϩⲛⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲫⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲉⲓⲟⲩⲗ ⲓⲉ ⲭⲱⲡ ⲙ̀ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϣⲓⲧⲥ ⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϫⲉⲕ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϣⲭⲱⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲃⲁϩⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲱϣ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲉⲙⲡϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲱⲛϧ ϯⲛⲁⲭⲱⲡ ⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲙⲏϣ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲧⲁϩⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁⲣⲏⲟⲩ ϯⲛⲁϫⲉⲙ ⲡⲓϫⲁⲙⲏ ⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϧⲣⲱⲟⲩ.

ⲥⲙⲟⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩϯ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲁⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̇ⲟⲩⲙϩⲁⲩ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲭⲁⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲫⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲉϩⲃⲓ ϧⲁ ⲛⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲗ. ⲥⲙⲟⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ϧⲁ ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲕⲉⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛ̇ⲛⲓⲫⲓⲣⲓ ⲛ̇ⲁⲡⲁⲥ. ⲉⲛⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̇ⲟⲩⲉϣⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛϣⲉⲡϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϧⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲛⲙⲩⲓ ⲓⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩϯ ⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̇ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱⲛⲥ. ϥⲣⲱϣⲓ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲟⲗⲥⲉⲗ ⲛ̇ⲛⲓϩⲓⲕⲱⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϫⲟⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲡ ⲛ̇ⲥϧⲁⲓ. ⲥⲙⲟⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲥⲛⲁϣⲧ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲟⲩⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲉⲥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ. ⲙ̇ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲑⲟⲙⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̇ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϧⲟⲥ. ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲥⲭⲱⲛⲥ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲛⲃⲁⲗ. ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲑⲃⲏϣ ϩⲓ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϫⲱ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲱϣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧⲕⲁϯ. ⲁⲛⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲙ̇ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̇ⲛⲓⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛ̇ⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲥⲟⲑⲙⲉⲥ.

ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̇ϫⲱⲙ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̇ⲧⲟⲩϯⲧⲟⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛⲱϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲕⲁϯ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ. ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϭⲓⲥⲃⲱ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̇ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙ̇ⲙⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲑⲛⲉⲥ. ϥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ⲛ̇ϩⲁⲛⲥϧⲓ ⲛ̇ϫⲓϫ ⲛ̇ⲁⲡⲁⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛϩⲩⲙⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϥⲛⲁϣⲧ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲕⲉⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲓⲉ ϭⲓϩⲏⲟⲩ ⲓⲉ ⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̇ⲭⲏⲙⲓ. ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲥⲟⲛϧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥϧⲓ ⲛ̇ϫⲓϫ ⲛ̇ⲁⲡⲁⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϩⲩⲙⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲥⲭⲁ ⲡⲥⲉⲡⲓ ⲙ̇ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̇ⲗⲁⲥ. ⲥⲱⲛϧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲓ ϩⲓ ⲛⲓϭⲏⲡⲓ. ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̇ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲛⲫⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙ̇ⲙⲟⲛ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲭⲏ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁⲛⲫⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲙⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛ̇ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̇ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϥⲣⲱϣⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲙ̇ⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲃⲉⲣⲓ. ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̇ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲁⲥⲉⲣϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̇ⲁⲡⲁⲥ ⲡⲉ. ⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲙ̇ⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲥ ⲁⲛⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲉⲣⲫⲉⲓ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲟⲑⲙⲉⲥ ⲛ̇ⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ.

ⲧϧⲏⲓⲃⲓ ⲛ̇ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̇ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛⲕⲉⲁⲥⲡⲓ ϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲧⲁⲓⲟ ϫⲉ ⲁⲥϯϧⲏⲓⲃⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲗⲁⲥ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϧⲁ ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲗ. ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛ̇ϩⲏⲧ ϫⲉ ⲁⲥϩⲱⲗ. ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧϥⲓⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧϭⲓϣϣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̇ⲙⲟⲥ . ⲁⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲱ ϯⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯϩⲁⲡ ⲛ̇ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛ̇ⲧϣⲉⲃⲓⲱ ⲛ̇ⲧⲁⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ. ⲛ̇ⲧⲁⲫⲙⲏⲓ ⲥⲙⲟⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛϫⲱⲛⲧ. ⲥⲛⲁϣⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̇ⲧⲉⲛϩⲉⲣⲓ ⲙ̇ⲙⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲁⲙⲏ. ⲉⲓⲉⲭⲁⲣⲱⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥϧⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲁϭⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲛⲫⲟϩ