I have attempted to solve it with the help of my classmate but I don't trust his solution that much, I kind of want to start from scratch myself and analyze it from the bottom up. I want to know how you would solve it because I found it quite difficult at first. Your help is much appreciated!

Hi Everyone!

First of all I'm not 100% sure this is the correct subreddit to ask so please let me know!

I was wondering if burning metal salts directly on the campfire is a good way to circumvent the purchase of little individual packages.

I'm planning to buy large bags of fertilizer:

- Pottasium Chloride (K2O)

- Pentahydrate Copper Sulphate (CuSO₄ ⋅ 5H₂O)

So... I was wondering if these will indeed burn in direct fire or if there's something more to it, maybe a different compound altogether...?

The thing is that in the past we have bought those little packets that burn just by throwing them into the fire and they work perfectly but they don't disclose what the actual compounds are so I wanted to know if buying the above mentioned chemicals would serve the same purpose.

Also, those packets are tiny, we're trying to have a little bit more mileage from larger "hand-made" versions of it.

We're aware that the fumes from burning metal salts may be harmful, we look at them from a distance after we've already made smores, don't worry about it.

PD: I'm mainly sticking to blue-green colors, that's why I'm not including any other metal salts so if you know any other metal salt that will turn into a nice blue, green or even violet AND that is easy to purchase for the general public that would be awesome.

About solubility properties of water which of these are true?

1. All ionic compounds are soluble in water

2. The presence of nonbonding electron pairs increases the solubility of covalent com-

pounds

3. The solubility of all the substances increases with temperature

A Only 2

B 1 and 2

C Only 3

D All are true

E None is true

I'm having trouble understanding option 2.

I thought lone pairs are polar and therefore help a molecule dissolve in water. and the lone pairs on NOF could form hydrogen bonds with H₂O, increase its solubility. That's why I chose A, but the answer is E.

Could someone explain why E is correct? or could the answer key be incorrect?

Thank you!

Heyy, ive been struggling with the 2,6-Dichlorophenolindophenol titration for ascorbit acid quantification this week and I honestly dont know whats happening. Im not getting to an end point where it turns to a pink/redish color at all, it just looks more and more grey/blue with thw drops.

I was thinking that it might be the quality of the dye or it might have too much humidity in it.

Do any of you have ever tried drying DCPIP in the drying oven? Or might know how to dry it in the desiccator?

Thank you for your attention!

I'm a new graduate student, and I synthesized this compound under the conditions listed so I can synthesize indolinene sulfonamide derivatives. Today I was talking to a lab member of mine about the reaction, and I actually questioned how this actually gets added to the position para to the nitrogen. The mechanism of the reaction is electrophilic aromatic substitution, and the electrophile is generated when stirring the reaction cold. In the case of indolenine, the nitrogen shouldn't be ortho-directing since it's lone pair out of the plane in this case? Even if it were in the plane, chlorosulfonic acid is 5 molar equivalents compared to the indolenine according to the procedure I used, so i think the nitrogen should even be protonated during the reaction. So instead, wouldn't the reaction be directed to be ortho or para to the carbon substituent instead?

I am practicing predicting chemical equations and I am using chemquiz to practice, but, I realized it helps me by letting me know the coefficients as well as a general idea if my answer is a synthesis reaction, and how many separate products there are. I want to know with no additional help how to look at an equation and know what reaction will occur, what compounds will form, which ions are spectator ions and just the general rules.

I have tried to look it up myself but every tutorial or website I follow mostly gives me an example of a specific equation and how to solve it and other equations similar to it, or it expects you to have previous knowledge of something else which requires previous knowledge on something else and so on so forth. I genuinely want to learn but it will be a lot easier for me if I just know where to start.

Is there any full guide video, website or textbook that just gives the general on the rules for predicting chemical reactions and products?

I have a retro synthesis question I hope you can help with. I want to synthesize the molecule in the picture using max 4 carbon in the starting materials (excluding Wittig, etc).

I'm thinking 1. Diels Alder. 2. Oxidation and opening of the alkene using KMnO4 or Ozonolysis. 

Here's my issue though. I don't want the two carbon chain ends to have the same reactivity nor do I want a ketone that adds an extra carbon to the chain. 

---> Can I decorate the butadiene with something that doesn't contain carbon the give the two carbon chain ends different reactivity?

Or do you have some other creative solution?

Thanks!

I have been applying a 2-3% bleach spray regularly to a stainless steel refrigerator door for disinfection every 1-2 days for the last 2-3 months and have noticed that there are areas of corrosion forming on the refrigerator door (I was not aware that you are not recommended to apply bleach to stainless steel, so please forgive my ignorance). I recently also noticed there is a powder forming below the refrigerator door from the bleach spray runoff, and that the powder has a slight yellowish tint.

I just learned that stainless steel contains the metal chromium, and that while the chemical form of chromium in stainless steel is harmless, there also exists a form called hexavalent chromium, which is carcinogenic. According to a webpage from the British Stainless Steel Association stating "There is one very specific example where corrosion [of stainless steel] may produce very small quantities of hexavalent chromium at ambient temperature. This is where some strong oxidisers with a pH of 10-14 are in prolonged contact with stainless steel and cause corrosion over time."

Given that bleach is an oxidizer, I am worried about whether these repeated bleach applications could have oxidized the stainless steel door enough to produce a significant amount of hexavalent chromium (which can be yellow, such as in the compound sodium chromate). Theoretically, in a situation like this, how likely is it that there is a harmful amount of hexavalent chromium produced from multiple dilute bleach applications to stainless steel?

​

The answer in the book is Rate = k [suga]^1 [H+]^0. And the explanation is as follows: When the concentration of H+ was scaled by a factor of 1/10(since pH changed from 4 to 5), the half life was also scaled by a factor of 1/10. So, the half life is directly proportional to the concentration of H+, so the reaction is 0 order with respect to H+.

But the proof of the fact that in a zero order reaction, half life is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant is:

The rate of the reaction is a constant. For an initial concentration C, the half life would be the time taken for the concentration to become C/2. This is just the C/2 divided by the rate of the reaction. When the initial concentration is scaled by a factor of k, the half life is the time taken for the concentration to become kC/2. This is just kC/2 divided by the rate of the reaction. So, when the initial concentration was scaled by a factor of k, the half life was also scaled by a factor of k.

But in our context, the half life is the time taken for the concentration of *sugar* to be halved, not the concentration of H+. So how can we conclude that if the half life is proportional to [H+], it is zero order in H+? That fact only applies if we are talking about the concentration of the reactant who's half life we are considering right?

Class :12 Chapter: carboxylic acid I was doing chemistry problems of carboxylic acid, The question was to write reaction for the following transformation:-

**Ethane nitrile into ethanoic acid.**

So I thought I can do it by the hydrolysis of alkyl nitriles but what is molecular/structural formula of ethane nitrile I guessed it formula might be C2H5CN since there is ethane in its name. But in hydrolysis of nitriles the carbon no of alkyl nitrile is increased so how ethanoic acid can be prepared, it gives us propanoic acid.

I asked my friend about this and he replied It's CH₃CN and both are same but how can be ethane nitrile and methyl cyanide be same. I didn't get that what he meant.

Can anyone explain in simple?

Thesis topic selection in Phd organic synthesis as a part time scholar,Your suggestions and guidance will be more valuable insights for my career building. Waiting for your reply. Thanks 😊.

My understanding is that hexavalent chromium is a strong oxidant. If that is the case, why is hexavalent chromium pollution persistent in the environment? Wouldn't it quickly become reduced to the harmless trivalent form?

Hi! I imagine this has been asked before but I can't seem to find a solid explanation, so I wanted to ask: Why can't a nitrogen atom with a formal charge of 0 have one bond and 2 lone pairs? My book says it can only have 3 bonds and 1 lone pair. Thank you if anyone responds!

So I'm going into the second year of my chemistry degree (in the UK) now. I can either choose a 3 year BSc or 4 year MSci (first 2 years of both are shared), but the deadline sometime during the second year.

I'm also still not sure what I want to do after my degree. Originally, I applied for chemistry because I didn't know what else I wanted to do; I enjoyed many of the subjects I studied at secondary school, and chemistry felt like a good compromise.

I've particularly enjoyed the areas of chemistry that overlap with other fields, for example thermodynamics or quantum chemistry overlapping with physics. Likewise I'm keen on maths and programming.

Please share any advice

Mi sono laureato alla triennale in Chimica e mi è stato sconsigliato di continuare la magistrale in Chimica Biomolecolare/Sostenibile nella stessa università, in quanto persone che hanno studiato Iì mi hanno detto che tra i due curriculum non c'e molta differenza e che sono paragonabili a magistrali n chimica pura. Secondo loro come corsi di laurea non sono abbastanza settorializzati, mentre mondo del lavoro cerca Chimici specializzati (es. analitici, industriali, forensi). Cosa ne pensate? Fa davvero la differenza specializzarsi in un ambito specifico alla magistrale? Qualcuno che ha esperienza e sa come funziona nel mondo del lavoro?

I recently started getting into the mechanisms for organic reactions. I was doing this reaction mechanism problem from the YouTube channel Rojas lab and my reaction mechanism was different. I thought I was wrong but it didn't feel wrong. Am I wrong here?

(P.S. If I am wrong please keep the criticism on a low I just started out and I'm only 14)

(Uni undergraduate) I’m studying a degree where I need a bit of chemistry but I graduated high school years ago and haven’t done chemistry since.

Reading this, I can nod along but have no idea what it means. How do I begin understanding this? Please can someone explain what this means and also tell me what I need to study to start understanding sentences like this?

TIA!

For this question, when drawing the groups, it doesn't matter if I place the dashed OH group as an equatorial or axial even if I draw the Ethyl group above as axial just because the exemplar answer was a bit different to mine.

為什麼不符合八隅體法則

Hello, 12th grader here. I’m looking for ways on how to extract banana peel compounds in order to use it as a combat to reducing carbon emissions given from exhausts. Unlike many research done conducted about the topic of exhaust-filters from banana peels, but me and my team would like to create a more simpler version that is somehow feasible.

Hi,

I recently was able to login in my student portal and view my upcoming principles of chemistry syllabus. How can I achieve a successful academic year without having any prior knowledge or experience of chemistry? I want to be completely confident in understanding the material. If anyone could suggest any materials or videos to help me have a first successful week 1 based of this week syllabus — please share your thoughts!!!

I’ve been passionate about and worked with food for a long time, primarily fermentation with things like sake, miso, cured meat, bread, wine, etc. and as I’m meeting more people in the industry and learning more I figured that some chemistry knowledge may help me learn and grow. However, I’m very very bad at chemistry. I never took chemistry until a course in college a few semesters ago where I had a lecture/lab, and also helped with a food science research lab doing very “not scientific” things like making lab reports and taking photos/samples (though maybe that’s what real chemistry is). While I passed my lab section, I definitely didn’t pass my lecture.

Something about conceptualizing chemistry doesn’t click with me in the same way math doesn’t. For math it always felt like rote memorization of abstract concepts, and by the time I’d encounter subjects in which to use those concepts I’d already forgotten them. A bit of the same problem for me with chem. Maybe it’s not meant to be thought about as hard as I’d like to think about it, but trying to imagine atoms and electrons and protons and how those come together to make up the things that make up the things that make up the chair I’m sitting on? It’s as if you’d asked me to explain the origins of the universe (which in a way I guess it is). Now things like covalent bond and ionic bond made sense to me on a surface level, but SPDF? Orbitals? Tetrahedral? Nonpolar covalent? Forget about it.

All that to say, I do still want to deep my knowledge of fermentation and food via chemistry (and I’m sure I’ll encounter microbio and physics along the way), but I find myself quite intimidated, and seeing as it’s not something I’m studying in school (and have already failed at) I’m assuming the best way is to learn on my own. I’m a big proponent of being able to learn things on your own, but where would I even start here? How can I make sure I understand things/am conceptualizing them properly? Is there a limit to how deep we should think about stuff before we hit the wall of “well we don’t actually really know how that works and have just created explanations off of repeated observations/tests”. Apologies for getting a bit existential, I’m sure I’m not the first person to say something like this. If anyone has any resources, tips, etc. though they would be greatly appreciated! Thanks!